1、初中英语阅读300篇基础卷p98p127初中英语阅读300篇基础卷p98-p127P98 (1) Life on the earth depends on the sun. Day after day, we see its light and feel its warmth. The sun is far away from the earth. It is ninety-three million miles away from the earth. The sun is a large star. The earth is very small among its planets. Ev
2、ery day the sun sends out a great deal of heat and makes us feel hot. But we receive only a small part of the heat, because the sun is so far away from us and its heat loses more of its energy when it reaches the earth. We also receive a very small part of its light. This is enough for the growth of
3、 trees, plants, and humans. On the other hand, much heat and light would be harmful to them. The heat and light from the sun come in just the right quantities for life on the earth. 地球上的生命依赖于太阳。日复一日，我们看到太阳的光芒，感受它的温暖。太阳距离地球很遥远。太阳相距地球九千三百万英里。 太阳是一个大星球。地球在行星中是非常小的。每天太阳散发出巨大的热能，使我们感受了热量。但我们只得到了一小部分的热能，因
4、为太阳离我们太遥远，当它的能量到达地球时已失去了大部分。我们也获得了它的一小部分光亮。这对树木生长，植物生长和人类生长已经足够。从另一方面说，过分的光和热将是对他们有害的。发自太阳的光和热满足了地球上的生命所需。 P99 (2) The people on earth belong to many different counties. We speak many different languages and have different ideas. But we are all people born on the earth. All of us live and die on thi
5、s planet. We have never known any other home. Men believed for thousands of years that the earth was the center of everything. They believed the sun and stars moved around us. The old ideas of men should not surprise us. Most of us only believe what we see. Many years passed, and then people knew th
6、at ours is only a very small part of a great universe (巨大的宇宙), and the earth is moving around the sun. What do we know about the place of our earth in space? We know that the earth is one of nine planets moving around the sun. We call the family of the sun and its planets the solar system (太阳系). 地球上
7、的人们属于不同的国家。我们说多种不同的语言，有着不同的想法。不过，我们都是在地球上出生的人。我们大家都在这个星球上生活和死亡。我们从来不知道任何其他的发源地。 几千年来，先人们只相信地球是一切事物的中心。他们认为，太阳和星星围绕着我们转动。 先人们的旧思想不应使我们感到惊讶。我们大多数人只相信我们所看到的。许多年过去了，人们逐渐知道了，我们的星球是巨大的宇宙中的非常小的一部分，地球正在围绕太阳转动。 我们了解了我们的地球在太空中的位置是什么情况呢, 我们知道，地球是围绕太阳运动的九大行星之一。我们称作太阳家族和太阳系行星。 P99 (3) You speak, write a letter,
8、make a telephone. You words carry a message. People communicate (交流、交际) with words. Do you think you can communicate without words? A smile on your face shows you are happy or friendly. Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad. When you raise your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to
9、say something or ask a question. You shake you head, and people know you are saying ”No”. You nod and people know you are saying “Yes”. Other things can also carry messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take. A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find t
10、he lab. Sign on doors tell you where to go in or out. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you get messages from them all the time? People can communicate in many other ways. An artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and m
11、any other things. Books are written to tell you about all the wonderful things in the world and also about people and their ideas. Books, magazines, TV and radio and films all help us to communicate with others. They all help us to know what is going on in the world and what other people are thinkin
12、g about. 你说话，写信，打电话。你的言语传递着信息。人们使用言语交流。 你认为没有言语可以交流吗,在你脸上的笑容表示你是友好的幸福的。在你眼里的泪水告诉别人你是悲伤的。当你在课堂上举起手，老师知道你想说什么或提问题。你摇头，人们知道你是说“不”。你点头，人们知道你是说“是”。 其他事物也可以传递信息。例如，一块公共汽车站牌帮助你了解乘坐哪路车。 一块学校墙壁上指示牌帮助你找到实验室。门上牌子告诉你哪里是入口和出口。你有没有注意到，在你周围有很多示意牌，并且你一直从那里获得信息, 人们可以用许多其他方式沟通。一个艺术家可以用他的画表现秀美的山川，蓝色的大海和其他许多东西。书籍是写出来告诉
13、你，有关世界上所有美好的事物，也有关人和他们的想法。 书籍，杂志，电视，广播和电影都有助于我们与他人沟通。这些都有助于我们了解世界上正在发生什么事情，了解其他人都在思考什么。 P100 (4) The computer is fast, and never makes a mistake, while people are too slow and full of mistakes sometimes. That is what people often say when they talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, e
14、ngineers have been making better computers. Now a computer can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully. It is widely used in factories, hospitals and banks. A computer can report, decide and control (控制) in almost every field. Many computer scientists are now thinking of making the computer “think” li
15、ke a man. With the help of a person, a computer can draw pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize (辨认) voices, translate (翻译) languages and so on (等等). Perhaps computers will one day really think and feel. Do you think that people will be afraid when they find that the computer
16、 is too clever to listen to and serve the people? 计算机速度快，从不犯错，而人工很慢，有时错误百出。这也就是人们谈论计算机时通常所说的。 在过去的四分之一个世纪，工程师们一直在做出更好的计算机。现在，计算机能够出色地完成大量的日常工作。它广泛应用于工厂，医院和银行。一台计算机可以报告，决定和控制几乎所有领域。许多计算机科学家正在研制电脑像人一样“思考”。 在人的操控下，计算机可以画画，写音乐，与人交谈，玩象棋，辨认声音，翻译语言等等。也许有一天计算机真的会思考，真的有感觉。当人们发现电脑非常聪明地听取和服务于人的时候，你认为人们会害怕吗, P1
17、01 (5) What time is it? There are many ways you can find out the time. You may have a watch. You can look at a clock on the wall. You can listen to the radio or call a number on telephone to get the time. It has not always been easy to know the time. A long time ago people looked at the sun to tell
18、the time. They could tell the time of day by looking at the sun in the sky: morning, noon or afternoon. Around the year1.400, people began to use the hourglass. It was made of glass with some sand in it. It was wide at both ends, but narrow in the middle. The sand ran from one end to the other in on
19、e hour. At the end of every day hour people turned the glass over and began again. Hundreds of years later a machine called clock was invented. After that, people made small clocks so that they could carry them in their pockets. Very small clocks were called watches. Then, during Would War I men sta
20、rted wearing their watches. It was easier and faster to tell the time. Now almost everyone wears a watch. 现在是什么时间,有很多方法可以得知时间。你可能有一个手表。你可以看看墙上的时钟。你可以收听电台或拨打电话号码，以获取想要知道的时间。 它并不总是容易的知道时间。很久以前人们观察太阳以确定时间。他们通过观察太阳在天空中位置来确定一天的时间:早晨，中午或下午。 大约在公元1400年，人们开始使用沙漏。沙漏是由装有一些沙子的玻璃容器组成。容器两端宽大，而中间狭窄。沙子从一端移动到另一端需1个
21、小时。在每个小时结束时人们把玻璃容器翻过来，又重新开始了。 几百年后被称为时钟的机器发明了。在此之后，人们使用小小的时钟，放在口袋里以便携带。非常小的时钟被称为手表。然后，在第一次世界大战期间男子开始戴手表。这样更简便，更快速地得知时间。现在，几乎每个人都戴着手表。 P102 (6) Some people have very good memories, and can easily learn quite long poems by hearts. There are other people who can only remember things when they have said
22、 them over and over. Charles Dickens, the famous English writer, said that he could walk down any long street in London and then tell you the name of every shop he had passed. Many great men of world have had wonderful memories. A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns
23、his own language by remembering what he hears when he is a small child. Some children-like boys and girls who live in foreign countries with their parents-seem to learn two languages almost as easily as one. In schools it is not easy to learn a second language because the pupils have so little time
24、for it, and they are busy with other subjects as well. The human mind is rather like a camera, but it takes photographs not only of what we see but of what we feel, hear, smell and taste. When we take a real photograph with a camera, there is much to do before the photograph is finished and ready to
25、 show to our friends. In the some way there is much work to be done before we can make a picture remain forever in the mind. Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us. 有些人有非常好的记忆力，能轻松地记住相当长的诗歌。还有些人，只能记住那些他们说了一遍又一遍的东西。 查尔斯狄更斯，英国著名作家，据说他走过任何一条伦敦大街后就能告诉你他所经过的每一个商店的名字。许多伟人都具有极好的记忆力。 良好的记忆力在学习语
26、言中是有很大帮助的。每个人从小通过记住所听到的学习母语。有些孩子-比如与父母一起在国外生活的男孩和女孩们-似乎学习两种语言几乎与学习一种语言一样轻松。 在学校里学习第二语言是不容易的，因为学生们只有很少的时间用于学习，并且他们也同时忙于其他学科。 人类的心灵很像是一个相机，但是它拍摄照片不仅有我们所看到的东西，还有我们的感觉，听觉，嗅觉和味觉。 记忆是伴随着我们一生的日记。 P103 (7) There is nothing more important to life than the sun. Without the sun all living things on the earth w
27、ould die. The sun is a star. In the sky, there are thousands of stars like the sun. They are as large as the sun and as hot as the sun. At night, you can see many stars, but in the daytime, you can only see star-the sun. The sun is much nearer to us than any other star. That is why it looks the bigg
28、est and brightest of all the stars. The distance of the sun from the earth is as much as 150 million kilometers. Most of the stars are thousands of light years away from the earth. Do you know the light year? Nothing in the world travels faster than light. It travels 300,000 kilometers a second. And
29、 one light year is the distance that light travels in one year. 对生命而言，没有什么比太阳更重要了。没有太阳，地球上所有的生命都将消失。 太阳是一颗恒星。在天空中，也有成千上万的像太阳的恒星。它们如同太阳一样巨大和灼热。晚上，你可以看到很多星星，但在白天，你只能看到恒星太阳。 太阳比任何其他恒星离我们近。这就是为什么太阳看起来是所有恒星中最大的，最明亮的。从地球到太阳的距离多达150万公里。绝大多数恒星距离地球数千光年。 你知道光年吗, 世界上再也没有比光速传播得更快了。光每秒传播300，000公里。一光年是光一年时间传播的距离。
30、 P104 (8) While you are much safer inside than out, lightning can strike you even in the home. Heres how to protect you indoors: Stay away from windows. Get out of the shower or bath. Dont touch conductors such as fireplaces and metal pipes. Cherry, was struck by lightning last year while washing he
31、r clothes. Lightning entered a window next to the washing machine, struck her right hand, traveled through her body and finally out of her left arm. “It was as though I was holding a bolt in my hands,” remembered Cherry, who was thrown across the room. Stay off the telephone. It isnt an old wives st
32、ory-many people have been hurt through the telephone lines. It was raining outside while Peter Anderson was on the phone at his house in Florida. “Ban! A bolt hit the building,” he says. “I felt the hair on my arms stand on end, and a lightning hit no through telephone, which was almost blown out of my hand.” Unplug televisions, computer, etc. Dont just turn them off. It the house is struck, they
