1、英语语法术语的英文名称英语语法术语的英文名称 名词性从句：Noun Clauses.语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词unc
2、ountable noun抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concrete noun物质名词 material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 fi
3、nite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词exclamation形容词 adjective副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interrogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词
4、personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite articl
5、e不定冠词indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form 限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句 adverbial
6、 clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句ad
7、verbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈
8、述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence pattern否定句 negative sentence
9、祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语
10、appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship并列 coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制 restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive
11、case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般
12、将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态
13、 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间
14、接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语 British English美国英语 American English用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic
