1、小升初语法句型之肯定句和否定句小升初语法句型之肯定句和否定句一、陈述句定义：凡是说明一件事情，提出一个看法，或是表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句。大多数的句子都是陈述句，陈述句可以用肯定式和否定式。肯定句变否定句时态具体句型句子构成一般现在时动词做谓语主语+be (am/is / are )+not+其他+.实意动词做谓语主语+dont/doesnt +其他+.情态动词+实义动词主语+情态动词+not +动词原形+其他+.现在进行时动词做谓语主语+be动词(am /is /are)+现在分词+其他+.肯定句变否定句就是加not no 或表示否定的词英语的句子重要取决于动词而动词又有时态的变化因此在
2、不同的时态的句子中的位置不同。基础练习题把下列陈述句变成否定句。1.My father watches TV every day .My father _ _ TV every day .2.Kate often does her homework at six .Kate _ often _ her homework at six.3.I go to school at seven .I _ _ to school at seven .4.She usually goes home by bus .She _ usually _ home by bus .5.They are good st
3、udents .They _ _ good students .7.He has some bread for breakfast every morning .He _ _ _ bread for breakfast every morning . 8.I often drink some tea in the afternoon . I _ often _ _ tea in the afternoon .小升初语法之疑问句问疑句是用来提出问题的，疑问句又包括：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句和选择疑问句。一、一般疑问句：1.一般疑问句又可以叫做yes/no句型，需要用yes或no来回答。
4、2.一般疑问句的基本结构：be动词（am, is, are）+主语+表语？情态动词（can, may, must）+主语+行为动词（或be）?助动词(do, does)+主语+行为动词？助动词（shall, will, have, has）+主语+行为动词（或be）?3.变一般疑问句的方法：（一调，二变，三问号）Be动词型一般疑问句：原句问句回答I am a girl.Are you a girl ?Yes,I am / No, Im notShe is my friend.Is she your friend ?Yes, she is / No, she isntHe is a studen
5、t.Is he a student ?Yes, he is / No, he isntWe are home.Are you home ?Yes, we are / No, we arentThis is my book.Is this your book ?Yes, it is / No, it isntThey are good friends.Are they your good friends ?Yes, they are / No, they arent情态动词型一般疑问句：原句问句回答I can draw.Can you draw ?Yes,I can / No, I cant.S
6、he can swim.Can she swim ?Yes, she can / No, she cantHe can ride a bike.Can he ride a bike ?Yes, he can / No, he cantWe will get there.Will you get here ?Yes, we will / No, we wontIt can talk.Can it talk ?Yes, it can / No , it cant助动词型一般疑问句：原句问句回答I like swimming.Do you like swimming ?Yes,I do / No,
7、I dontShe dances well.Does she dance well ?Yes, she does/No,she doesntHe has a sister.Does he have a sister ?Yes, he does / No, he doesntWe cook dinner.Do you cook dinner?Yes, we do / No, we dontIt works well.Does it work ?Yes, it does / No, it doesntThey become good friendsDo they become good frien
8、ds?Yes, they do / No, they dont助动词型一般疑问句：原句问句回答I like swimming.Do you like swimming ?Yes,I do / No, I dontShe dances well.Does she dance well ?Yes, she does/No,she doesntHe has a sister.Does he have a sister ?Yes, he does / No, he doesntWe cook dinner.Do you cook dinner?Yes, we do / No, we dontIt wo
9、rks well.Does it work ?Yes, it does / No, it doesntThey become good friendsDo they become good friends?Yes, they do / No, they dont其它在句中要变换的词有someany, amare二、特殊疑问句：以疑问代词what, who(whom), whose, which 或疑问副词when, where, how, why 放在句首提问的句子叫做特殊疑问句，答语只要针对问句中的疑问代词或疑问副词来回答，不用yes 或no。1.疑问词 + 一般疑问句 （疑问词作宾语、表语
10、、状语或定语）。What do you want? 你要什么？When do you have English class? 你们什么时候有英语课？Whose coat is this? 这是谁的大衣？How did he know it? 他是怎么知道它的？Why did you say this? 你为什么要这么说？Which is your umbrella? 哪个是你的雨伞？Where were these buses made? 这些巴士是哪儿制造的？2.疑问代词作主语或作主语的定语时，词序与陈述句相同：疑问代词 （+名词）+谓语。Who teaches your brother J
11、apanese? 谁教你弟弟日语？What is in the box on the table? 桌上那个盒子里装的是什么？Whose handwriting is the best in your class? 你们班里谁的书法最好？*疑问代词：who: 主语、宾语、表语、用来提问表示“人”的各种成分。 whose: 用来提问“谁的”。 which: 用来提问“哪一个/位”。 what: 提问表示“干什么”等意思*疑问副词：when: 提问在何时。 where: 提问在何地 why: 提问表示原因的短语或句子 how: 提问表示程度或方式的副词或短语*由疑问词how 构成的短语引导的问句h
12、ow old (表示年龄)多大了, how long（表示时间或物体的长短）有多长 , how many + 复数名词 表示多少 , how much + 不可数名词 表示多少 , how far （表示距离）多远基础练习按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词。1. Its a large room.(改为复数形式)_ _ large rooms.2. He has to buy a dictionary for his daughter.(改为否定句)He _ _ to buy a dictionary for his daughter.3. Uncle Wang likes making thin
13、gs. (改为否定句)Uncle Wang _ _ making things.4. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday.(改写为一般疑问句)_ Ann _ the book to the library yesterday?.5. The hospital is about 300 meters away. (就划线部分提问) _ _ is the hospital ?6.There are fifty-two students in our class. (就划线部分提问)_ _ students are there in your
14、 class?7.I write to my mother once a week. (就划线部分提问)_ _ do you write to your mother ?8.He has three pens. (就划线部分提问)_ _ pens does he have ?9.She is ten years old. (就划线部分提问) _ _ is she?10. They have a class meeting every other week. (改为否定句) They _ _ a class meeting every other week.11.She has dinner w
15、ith her grandparents once a week.（改为一般疑问句） _ she _ dinner with her grandparents once a week?12.This kind of cold comes and goes very quickly.（改为一般疑问句） _ this kind of cold _ and _ very quickly?13.He spent a whole morning cleaning the room.（就划线部分提问） _ _ _ he _ cleaning the room.14. My brother has lunc
16、h at the school every day.（改为一般疑问句） _ your brother _ lunch at the school every day? 15.Put the book on the desk.（否定句）_ _ the book on the desk.16.His bike was bought yesterday. （就划线部分提问）_ _ was bought yesterday?17.She does morning exercises every day. (否定句)She _ _ morning exercises every day.18.My mo
17、ther is very well.( 就划线部分提问) _ is your mother?19.She has to stay at home.(改为一般疑问句)_ she _ to stay at home.20.Tom has lunch at school every day. (改为一般疑问句)小升初语法句型之祈使句 一、祈使句：用来表示下达命令、提出要求、建议和劝告的句子。说话的对象通常是第二人称you ,习惯上常省略。祈使句的肯定句谓语动词用原形，否定句一般用dont, never开始。1肯定祈使句句型 1 ：动词 let + 第一、三人称宾格代词 + V. 例句：Lets go
18、 to school. 让我们去上学吧。 Let me try. 让我试一试。 Let him come upstairs. 让他上楼吧。句型 2：动词 + 其他部分 例句：Please open the door . 请开门。 Turn to page two. 请将书翻到第二页。 Listen to me. 请听我讲。 Stop talking. 别说话。二、否定祈使句 （一般在句首加 Dont.）1Climb the tree ,please. 请爬树。 （肯定句） Dont climb the tree! 不要爬树。 （否定句）2Open the door. 打开门。 （肯定句） Do
19、nt open the door. 不要开门。 （否定句）三、陈述句变祈使句1You cant make faces in class. 你不能在课堂上做鬼脸。 Dont make faces in class. 不要在课堂上做鬼脸。2You cant read in bed. 你不要在床上看书。 Dont read in bed. 不要在床上看书。基础练习一、连词成句并改写成否定句。1on walk the grass_2. ride a here bike_二、 按要求改写下列句子1She likes playing basketball after school. (否定句)_2. He did his homework yesterday evening. (一般疑问句) _3.Tom wrote a letter to his mother yesterday. (否定句)_4.My mother can make kites. (一般疑问句)_5. There are some dictionaries on the desk. (否定句)_
