1、考研英语二真题之欧阳德创编2019年英语（二）考研真题及答案解析。时间：2021.03.07创作：欧阳德Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weigh
2、t fluctuations. 1 ,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the f
3、orm of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conficted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three
4、 weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level,strength and inches lostFor these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is no
5、t my goal, it is less important for meto_ 11 _ my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my trainin
6、g intensity remains the same, but Im constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. Im experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no long
7、er carry the burden of a 18 morming weigh-in. Ive also experienced greater success in achieving my specific ftness goals, 19 Im training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel how your clothes fit and your overall ene
8、rgy level.1. A Besides B Therefore COtherwise D However2. A helps Bcares Cwarns D reduces3. A initially B solely C occasionally D formally4. A recording B lowering C explaining D accepting5. A modify B set Creview D reach6. A definition B depiction C distribution D prediction7. A due to Bregardless
9、of C aside from D along with8. A orderly B rigid C precise D immediate9. A claims Bjudgments C reasons D methods10. A instead Bthough Cagain Dindeed11. A report B share C share D share12. A depend on Bapprove of Chold onto Daccount for13. A prepare Bshare Cshare D share14. A results Bfeatures Crules
10、 Dtests15. A bored Banxious Chungry D sick16. A principle Bsecret Cbelief Dsign17. A request Bnecessity Cdecision Dwish18. A disappointing Bsurprising Crestricting Dconsuming19. A if because Bunless Cuntil Dconsuming20. A obsessing Bdominating Cpuzzling DtriumphingSection II Reading ComprehensionPar
11、t ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a childs growing gra
12、sp of social and moral norms. Children arent born knowing how to say “Im sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends - and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the p
13、opular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable- its the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” says
14、 Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binary - feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to im
15、portant inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And quilt , by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed i
16、n this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti , a psychology professor at the University of Toronto ,suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation
17、 and sharing. Some Kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa : High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and
18、 the childrens self-observations, she rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they s
19、hared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones share more, even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivation.“Thats good news,” Malti says, “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”21. Researchers th
20、ink that guilt can be a good thing because it may help _.A. regulate a childs basic emotionsB. improve a childs intellectual abilityC. foster a childs moral developmentD. intensify a childs positive feelings22. According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be _.A. deceptiveB. burdens
21、omeC. addictiveD. inexcusable23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that _.A. emotions are context-independentB. emotions are socially constructiveC. emotional stability can benefit healthD. an emotion can play opposing roles24. Malti and others have shown that coope
22、ration and sharing _.A. may help correct emotional deficienciesB. can result from either sympathy or guiltC. can bring about emotional satisfactionD. may be the outcome of impulsive acts25. The word “transgressions” (Line 4, Para. 5) is closest in meaning to _.A. teachingsB. discussionsC. restrictio
23、nsD. wrongdoingsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder callenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so.The climate change we are hastening could one
24、 day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap - but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable carbon sinks long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now. Califormia is le
25、ading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The states proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater sha
26、re of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forests capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning
27、is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010,drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030 - financed from t
28、he proceeds of the state s emissions- permit auctions. Thats only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material remov
29、ed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, but traditionally theyve focused on wildli
30、fe, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Califormias plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a model.26. By saying “one of the harder challenges ,”the au
31、thor implies that_.A. global climate change may get out of controlB. people may misunderstand global warmingC. extreme weather conditions may ariseD. forests may become a potential threat27. To maintain forests as valuable “carbon sinks, we may need to_.A. preserve the diversity of species in themB. accelerate the growth of young treesC. strike a balance among different plantsD. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity28. Californias Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to_.A. cultivate more drought-resistant treesB. reduce the density of some of its forestsC. find m
