1、中考英语考点聚焦五 外研版中考英语考点聚焦五一、要点梳理必考词汇1. matchv.（动词），意为“相配；十分相似；和符合”。例如：The tie matches your suit. 那条领带跟你的西装很相配。Its difficult to match the color of old paint. 很难找到和旧画颜色相配的色彩 n.（名词），意为“火柴, 比赛, 竞赛, 匹配, (足球, 捧球, 蓝球)比赛”。例如：We had a friendly match with them. 我们与他们进行了一场友谊比赛。The chairs and the desk are a good ma
2、tch.这些椅子和这种书桌很相配。【链接中考】（湖北省武汉市） Why dont you choose the red tie? For me, it doesnt _ my shirt very well. A. fix B. accept C. compare D. match【答案】D2. advice advice是不可数名词，意为“建议”，可用some，much，a piece of，pieces of等修饰，不能说an advice或many/ a few advices，表示“有关的建议”时，用介词on接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。例如：Lets ask for his a
3、dvice on what to do next. 我们去征求一下他的意见下一步该怎么办。常用搭配give advice on对提出建议take/follow ones advice接受某人的建议ask for advice征求意见act on ones advice照某人的建议去做accept/refuse ones advice接受（拒绝）某人的建议offer advice to sb.向某人提供建议动词形式为advise常用搭配advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人去做某事。例如：My teacher advises me to leave now.老师建议我现在就离开。【
4、链接中考】（新疆省阜康市）Mr. Black gave us _on how to learn English well.A. an advice B. many advices C. some advice D. some advices【答案】C3. hearhear通常表示某种声音“进入我们的耳朵”。是听到、听见的意思，指听的能力和结果，但不一定指有意识地听。 例如：Suddenly I heard a strange noise. 我突然听到一种奇怪的响声。辨析活用 hear是“听见”、“听到”，不是有意识地听，侧重于“听”的结果。hear在作“听见”时，不能用现在进行时态中。What
5、 did you hear just now? 你刚才听见什么了？ listen是“听”，指有意识地倾听，但不一定听见，侧重于“听”的动作。listen是不及物动词，后面常用介词to。listen to可以用在进行时态中。Please listen to the teacher carefully in class. 课堂上请认真听讲。【链接中考】（山东省菏泽市）Im sorry, I didnt _ you clearly. Would you say it again?A. hear B. notice C. see D. watch【答案】A4. sound sound作动词，意为“似乎
6、；听起来”。例如：His explanation sounds all right. 他的解释似乎有理。Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 sound为连系动词，后边接形容词，构成系表结构。表示“听起来”。That sounds interesting. 那听起来很有趣。That sounds boring. 那听起来很无聊。拓展类似的其他常用连系动词：taste尝起来 feel感受到 touch摸起来 smell闻起来 look看起来【链接中考】(2010.浙江省衢州市)1. Shall we go for a picnic in the park
7、 this Saturday? Oh, that _ good.A. feels B. looks C. tastes D. Sounds【答案】D（湖北省黄冈市）2. Which T-shirt do you prefer? The red one .It _ more comfortable.A. tastes B. smells C. feels D. sounds【答案】C(山东省潍坊市)3. The cookies _ good. Could I have some more?A. taste B. smell C. feel D. sound【答案】A5. besidebeside
8、作介词，意为“ (表示位置)在旁边”。例如：Here! Theres room beside me. 嘿!我旁边有空间。辨析活用by, beside和near by和beside均表示“在旁边”，常可换用。例如：She stood by the window. 她站在窗边。 The hotel is beside (/by) the river. 那家饭店在河边。Put your shoes beside mine. 把你的鞋子放在我的鞋子旁边。 near表示“在附近”，表示的距离比by和beside稍远些，也时常换用。例如：There is a theatre near his home.
9、他家附近有一家剧院。 There is a post office near No. 1 Middle School. 第一中学附近有一所邮局。【链接中考】(山东省潍坊市)The little elephant is afraid to go alone. He always walks _ his mother.A. beside B. behind C. below D. under【答案】A6. another another作形容词，意为“再一，别的，不同的”。例如：Ill give you another example. 我再给你举个例子。another作代词，意为“另一个”。 例
10、如：I dont like this shirt, give me another please.我不喜欢这件衬衣, 请另外给我一件。拓展another和the otheranother表示三个以上的人或物中同类的另一个；也可用作形容词，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个，又一个”。We need another chair.我们再要一把椅子。I dont want the green apple. Please give me another.我不想要这个箐苹果，请给我另一个吧。the other表示两个人或两个物中的另一个或另一部分，常与one搭配构成one, the other句型。Hold
11、it in this hand, not the other.用这只手握着, 不要用那只手。【链接中考】（江苏省连云港市）1. Would you like to have _ cake? No, thanks. Ive had two. Thats enough.A. other B. others C. another D. the other【答案】C(年上海市)2. New Zealand has two islands. One is North Island and _ is South Island.A. another B. the other C. other D. the
12、others【答案】B6. alreadyalready表示“已经”，通常用于肯定句，不用于否定句或疑问句(此时要用 yet)。例如：He has already read the book. 他已经读过这本书。Has he read the book? 他已经读过这本书吗?辨析活用already, yet和still already副词，意为“已经”，多用于肯定句中的be动词、助动词之后，行为动词前。有时already用于疑问句中表示惊讶、怀疑等语气。例如： I have finished reading this book already.我已经读完这本书了。 Have you finis
13、hed reading the book already？你真的已经读完这本书了？（表示惊讶） yet一般用在疑问句或否定句中。在疑问句中意为“已经”；在否定句中意为“还”，通常放在句末。例如： Have you found the book yet？你已经找到那本书了吗？ Not yet.还没找到。still意为“仍然；还”，表示某事正在进行中，可用于各种句式，一般只位于句子中间。例如：Do you still teach in that school？你还在那所学校教书吗？【链接中考】（天津市）1. Would you like to go and see Avatar with me t
14、onight? Thank you very much, but I _ it already.A. see B. will see C. have seen D. am seeing【答案】C（四川省巴中市）2. My e-mail _ to you last night. Have you received it _?A. sent; yet B. is sent; already C. was sent; yet【答案】C7. nonenone用作代词，意为“没有人; 一个也没有; 一点儿也没有”。例如：There were none for him to read. 没有人为他朗读。N
15、one of guests want to stay. 客人中没有一个想留下不走的。拓展 none 与 no one / nobody 及 nothingno one / nobody 常用来指人，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式；nothing 常用来指物，作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式；none 可指人也可指物，作主语时，如和of连用指不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式；指可数名词时，谓语动词用单、复数均可。例如：No one likes a person with bad manners.Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your he
16、art into it.None of them has / have seen me before.None of this money belongs to me.注意： none 可与 of 连用表示范围，而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 不可。 none 可用来回答 How many / much？ 的特殊疑问句；而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 则分别用来回答 Who？ 和 What？ 的特殊疑问句。例如： How many birds are there in the tree？ None. What is in the box？ Not
17、hing. Who is in the classroom？ No one / Nobody.【链接中考】（湖北省武汉市）1. How many students are there in the classroom? _. They are all in the lab.A. Some B. None C. All D. Neither【答案】B（湖北省黄冈市）2. How many students like this song? _ of us likes it. It sounds terrible.A. None B. Nobody C. Every one D. All【答案】A7
18、. alone alone用作形容词时，只能作表语 (不能作定语)。例如：She watches TV when she is alone. 独自一人时,她便看电视。 alone用作副词，除表示“独自”外，还可表示“仅仅”，注意要放在有关的词语之后。例如：For years Mary lived alone in New York. 玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。alone可用 all, much, very much 等修饰，但一般不用very 修饰。例如：He is all (much, very much) alone. 他独自一人。辨析活用alone和lonelyalone, lon
19、ely同时作形容词时, lonely表示感情内心上的孤独, 而alone是没有感情色彩的。例如：I am alone but I am not lonely,虽然我单独一人,但我并不感觉孤独.When his wife died, he was very lonely. 太太死后他非常孤独。 【链接中考】(江苏省无锡市)Though his grandmother lives _, she never feels _.A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone【答案】C8. preferprefer动词
20、，意为“比较喜欢；更喜欢”。不能用于进行时态，其过去式和过去分词均为preferred。Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶?拓展prefer的各种搭配为：preferto“与相比更喜欢”，其后接名词或动名词。He prefers dogs to cats. 他很喜欢狗，而不喜欢猫。I prefer skating to swimming.与游泳相比我更喜欢滑冰。preferrather than“宁可宁愿而不”，其后接动词不定式，than后的不定式符号to常省去。I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the
21、 cinema. 我宁愿呆在家里也不愿意去看电影。【链接中考】（四川省巴中市）1. They preferred _ rather than _ a bike.A. to walk; to ride B. walking; riding C. to walk; ride【答案】C（山东省泰安市）2. How about going shopping this weekend, Peter? Sorry. I prefer _ rather than _.A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at homeC. staying at home
22、, go out D. going out, stay at home【答案】A9. even even 表示“甚至”，通常应放在被修饰词语之前，否则会引起含义的变化。例如：Even now he doesnt believe me. 甚至到现在他还不相信我。(其它时候就不用说了)Now he doesnt even believe me. 现在他甚至不相信我了。(其他方面的事就更不可能了) 用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示“比(已经的)更加”。例如：This film is even more interesting than that one. 这部电影比那部更有趣。I often dr
23、ive fast, but he drives even faster. 我经常开车开得很快，但他却开得更快。常用搭配 even if 即使，尽管。例如：I will come even if even though it rains. 即使正雨我也会来。Even if you dont like wine, try a glass of this. 即使你不喜欢喝酒，也不妨尝尝这一杯。【链接中考】（台湾省）Sandy: How was your vacation in America? Linda: It couldnt be worse! I dont want to talk about
24、 it! (A) even (B) least (C) never (D) then【答案】A10. since since十时间点，表示“自从（过去某时）以来”，其着眼点是过去某时，即表示自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与现在完成时连用。since既可作介词，又可作从属连词。 作介词She has worked here since 2000. 自2000年以来，她就在这里工作。 作从属连词She has worked here since she left school.自她毕业以来，她就在这里工作。拓展for十时间段，表示“（延续）之久”，其着眼点是现在，即表示延续到现在的一段时间（与现
25、在完成时连用），或表示一段已经终结了的时间（与过去时连用），或表示将要延续的一段时间（与将来时连用）。They have lived in China for two years. 他们在中国已经住了两年。（现在还住在中国）【链接中考】（四川省卷）1. I dont have to introduce him to you _ you know the boy.A. until B. unless C. since D. but【答案】C（浙江省杭州市）2. How long have you been collecting shells? _.A. After I left school B
26、. Before I moved hereC. When I went to the beach D. Since I was ten years old【答案】D常考短语1. enjoy yourselfenjoy表示“喜欢”“享受”等，其后可接动名词作宾语，但不能是不定式。例如：I enjoyed reading these books very much. 我很喜欢读这些书。enjoy后接反身代词，表示“过得快活”，与 have a good time同义，enjoy后所接的反身代词要与句子的主语相对应。例如：He enjoyed himself at the party. 他在晚会上玩
27、得很开心。I hope you enjoy yourself this evening. 我希望你今晚过得愉快。enjoy 一般只用作及物动词，所以在通常情况下其后不能没有宾语。如： Did you enjoy the film? 你喜欢这部电影吗? Yes, I enjoyed it a lot. 是的，很喜欢(from )。【链接中考】（湖北省咸宁市） 1. I am glad to be invited to Susans birthday party on Friday evening, Mum. yourself, dear! But remember to be back befo
28、re 10 oclock.A. Help B. Believe C. Make D. Enjoy【答案】D(江苏省盐城市)2. How was your visit to the World Park in Beijing? Wonderful! We enjoyed _very much.A. itself B. myself C. yourselves D. ourselves【答案】D2. take offtake off意为“起飞”。例如：When will the plane take off? 飞机何时起飞？What was the girl doing when the UFO
29、took off? 当飞碟起飞时，女孩在干什么？take off还可以作“脱下”讲，反义词为put on。例如：Put on your clothes. Dont take them off. 把衣服穿上，别把衣服脱下。【链接中考】（天津市）1. The plane will _ from Beijing Capital Airport and land in LondonA. take up B. take out C. take away D. take off【答案】D（青海省，宁夏）2. Its very hot here. Why not _ your coat?A. have on
30、 B. take off C. put off D. put on【答案】B3. look afterlook after动词短语，意为“照管，照料，照料；注意，关心”。例如：Dont worry, Mum. I can look after myself. 别担心，妈妈，我能照料自己。We look after the baby carefully. 我们小心地照看着婴儿。辨析活用look after与take care oftake care of与look after都能作“照顾、照料”解，可以互相替换。但look after没有“保管、保护”的意思。例如：She stayed at home and took care of her mother y
