1、学年山西省怀仁县第八中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版2016-2017学年度第二学期高二年级期末考试试题英语（实验班）注意事项：1. 本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡和机读卡上相应的位置。3. 1-40小题填涂在机读卡上。第I卷（共两部分，共100分）第一部分 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在机读卡。AThere was once a man who had a donkey and a beautiful lapdo
2、g. The donkey was kept in a barn and had plenty of corn and hay to eat. Indeed, he was just as lucky as any donkey could be. The little dog stayed in the house and was well liked by the master. He was always playing and jumping about in an funny way and was allowed to lie in his masters lap(膝盖). Mea
3、nwhile, the donkey had plenty to do. He pulled wood all day long and had to take his turn at the mill during the night. He often complained about his problems, and it bored him to see the lapdog living such an easy life, while he had to work so hard. Finally he thought to himself that if he acted th
4、e same way as the lapdog to his master, he would be treated the same way. So, one day he ran out of his barn and went fast into the house, where he began to kick about in a very strange way. Then, swaying his tail and imitating the funny behavior of the pet lapdog, he knocked over the table where hi
5、s master was eating. He also broke all the dishes into very small pieces and did not stop until he jumped onto his master, trying to lick and paw him with his rough feet.Seeing their master in great danger, the servants thought it was time to help him. They beat the foolish donkey with sticks until
6、he could not get up again. As he was about to die, he cried, “Why couldnt I have remained satisfied the way I was? Why did I try to imitate a creature who was nothing but a lazy puppy after all?”1. The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means _.A. the donkey was treated well by his
7、masterB. the donkey was treated badly and cruellyC. other donkeys were satisfied with their lifeD. the donkey was not satisfied with his life2. According to the passage, we know that every day, _.A. the dog turned around the millB. the donkey jumped in the houseC. the donkey imitated the dogD. the d
8、og accompanied the master3. The reason why the donkey felt angry was that _.A. he had to do a lot of boring workB. he envied the easy life the dog livedC. he was often beaten by the servantsD. he was tied and couldnt move freely【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】文章描述一头驴子想要模仿哈巴狗，结果被打死的故事。1. 句意理解题。根据前一句The donkey
9、was kept in a barn and had plenty of corn and hay to eat.（驴子被关在谷仓里，有很多玉米和干草吃。）以及划线句（事实上，他是所有驴子中幸运的）可推知，主人待这头驴很好，故选A。2. 推理判断题。A项应该是驴绕着磨转，B项应该是狗在屋里乱蹦乱跳，C项说法不准确，驴不是每天都模仿狗，根据第一段He was always playing and jumping about in an funny way and was allowed to lie in his masters lap(膝盖). 可判断D项正确，狗每天都陪着主人。故选D。BA
10、dam is a man-made structure built across a river. Most dams are built to control a rivers water flow, improve navigation and control flooding. However, some dams are built to produce hydro-electric power.Hydro-electric power is produced as water passes through a dam, and into a river below. The more
11、 water that passes through a dam, the more energy is produced. Once a dam is built, a man-made lake is created behind the dam.Electricity is produced by a kind of equipment called a turbine(水轮机). Turbines contain metal coils(线圈) surrounded by magnets(磁铁). When the magnets move round rapidly over the
12、 metal coils, electricity is produced. Turbines are located inside dams. The falling water makes the magnets go around the coils.Dams provide clean energy, but they can also harm the environment. Species that use rivers to reproduce are often hurt by dams. In the Northwest of the US, the population
13、of fishes has dropped from 16 million to 2.5 million since hydro-electric plants were built on the Columbia River. Dams all over the world have hurt some species. The highest dam in the Unites States is located near Oroville, California. The Oroville Dam towers 230 meters and is more than a mile wid
14、e. This dam was built in 1968, 22 years after the Hoover Dam. The Hoover Dam, on the Nevada-Arizona border controls the Colorado river. It is 221 meters high and has 2.6 million hectare-meters of water.The highest dam in the world is the Nurek Dam on the Vakhsh River in Tadzikistan, a country in cen
15、tral Asia. This dam is 300 meters tall.4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Some dams are built for controlling a rivers water flow.B. Hydro-electric power is usually produced through a dam.C. Dams can offer energy and they are harmless to the environment.D. G
16、enerally speaking, where there is a dam, there is a man-made lake.5. The third paragraph mainly tells us _.A. how hydro-electric power is producedB. What a turbine is and how it worksC. how the magnets and the metal coils workD. how the falling water passes through a turbine6. The dam which controls
17、 the Colorado river is _.A. the Oroville Dam B. the Hoover DamC. the Nurek Dam D. the Vakhsh Dam【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B【解析】文章向我们介绍人类建造大坝的作用和功能。4. 细节理解题。从第一段可知A项和B项对，从第二段的最后一句可知D项对， 从第四段的第一句话,but they can also harm the environment可知C项不对。5. 主旨大意题，第三段主要告诉了我们水电是怎样通过一些设备产生电能的，故答案为A。6. 细节理解题。从倒数第一段的句子The Hoove
18、r Dam, on the Nevada-Arizona border controls the Colorado river.可找出答案为B。CThe Great Wall of China, one of the greatest wonders of the world, was enlisted in the World Heritage by the UNESCO in 1987. Just like a gigantic dragon, the Great Wall winds up and down across deserts, grasslands and mountains
19、, stretching about 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China. With a history of more than 2,000 years, some parts of the Great Wall are now in ruins or even entirely disappeared. However, it is still one of the most appealing attractions around the world.No one can tell for sure when the building
20、of the Great Wall was started, but it is popularly believed that it originated as a military fortification(要塞) against intrusion by tribes on the borders during the earlier Zhou Dynasty. Late in the Spring and Autumn Period, some states extended the defence work to prevent the attacks from other sta
21、tes.It was not until the Qin Dynasty that the separate walls were connected to form a defensive system by Emperor Qin Shi Huang. After the emperor unified the country in 214 BC, he ordered the construction of the wall. It took about ten years to finish and the wall stretched from Gansu Province to J
22、ilin Province. The wall not only served as a defence in the north but also symbolized the power of the emperor.Further construction also experienced several dynasties. The present Great Wall in Beijing is mainly remains from the Ming Dynasty. Today, the Great Wall has become a must-see for every vis
23、itor to China. Few can help saying “Wow” when they stand on top of a beacon tower and look at this giant dragon. It has become a national pride of Chinese people.7. The underlined word “appealing” probably means “_”.A. huge B. attractiveC. ordinary D. moving8. In the Qin Dynasty, _.A. the constructi
24、on of the Great Wall was finished in 204 BCB. the emperor wanted to invade other minor statesC. the defensive system of the Great Wall was separatedD. the Great Wall began its way from Jilin Province9. According to the passage, the Great Wall _.A. is from the west to the east B. is as long as 6,700
25、milesC. was built in several dynasties D. was begun in the Qin Dynasties10. The best title for the passage probably is _.A. History of the Great Wall B. Culture of the Great WallC. Construction of the Great Wall D. Projection of the Great Wall【答案】7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A【解析】中国的长城是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。文章介绍了关于长城历史
26、的一些基本的建造信息。7. 词义理解题。根据文章第一句“长城是世界上最伟大的奇观之一”，结合划线单词所在的句子However, it is still one of the most appealing attractions around the world.它仍然是世界上最有吸引力的名胜之一。可知这里“appealing”的意思是“有吸引力的”，故选B。8. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段It was not until the Qin Dynasty that the separate walls were connected to form a defensive system by Em
27、peror Qin Shi Huang. After the emperor unified the country in 214 BC, he ordered the construction of the wall. It took about ten years to finish and the wall stretched from Gansu Province to Jilin Province.直到秦朝，独立的城墙被秦始皇连接起来组成了一个防御系统。秦始皇在公元前214年统一这个国家之后，他命令建造城墙。城墙从甘肃省延伸到吉林省，花费了大约10年完成。可知在秦朝，长城的建设在公元
28、前204年完成。故选A。9. 细节理解题。根据第二段长城的建设历经周朝以及春秋战国时期，以及第四段Further construction also experienced several dynasties.，可知长城的建设历经几个朝代。故选C。10. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章描述了长城的建设，也就是长城的历史。故选A。【名师点睛】文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子
29、的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。例如：本文的第1小题：2.A【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解
30、中的（3）一一语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系。【答案定位】根据题干中的信息the Qin Dynasty，找到文章中关于介绍长城在秦朝的信息，这样就把答案定位在文章第三段内容上了。【推理关系】题干In the Qin Dynasty, _文章内容It was not until the Qin Dynasty that the separate walls were connected to form a defensive system by Emperor Qin Shi Huang. After the emperor unified the
31、country in 214 BC, he ordered the construction of the wall. It took about ten years to finish and the wall stretched from Gansu Province to Jilin Province. 直到秦朝，独立的城墙被秦始皇连接起来组成了一个防御系统。秦始皇在公元前214年统一这个国家之后，他命令建造城墙。城墙从甘肃省延伸到吉林省，花费了大约10年完成。-根据逻辑关系，可知秦朝的长城在公元前204年完成。【答案】A选项the construction of the Great W
32、all was finished in 204 BCDWe used to go into different chat rooms on different websites. If you wanted to meet someone on the Net, you had to go into the same chat room. But now regular Net surfaces chat in OICQ. OICQ is an online chat software which is invented by Tencent Computer System Company of Shenzhen in February, 1999. Since then it has swept the country. Its symbol is a penguin wearing a red scarf(围巾).Net friends can be divided
