1、高一英语阅读理解强化训练Day 28高一英语阅读理解强化训练Day 28Passage 1For some people, higher education is not just a goal in life, but also an expectation. In the United States, if your parents attended a college or university, there is a good chance that you will, too. Even if your parents did not go to college, you still
2、 have a good chance of completing higher education if your family is wealthy. But your chances are reduced if you come from a needy family, a community with limited educational resources or you simply have no one to follow as an example. Helping those in need is one of the main ideas behind a strate
3、gy of behavioral science called nudge theory or nudging. Nudging is a way of changing peoples behavior through indirect suggestion and by supporting positive actions. A growing number of U. S. colleges and universities look to nudging as a way to support poor, minority and first-generation students.
4、 They also are using it to increase overall graduation rates. Two common forms of nudging are emails to students and text messages to their mobile phones. Schools and other educational organizations keep in contact with students this way, offering advice and help when needed. However, Alejandra Acos
5、ta-a higher education policy expert at New America-notes that there are several qualities a nudge campaign must possess in order to be successful. Acosta says messages must be timely, meaning they reach college students well before the date by which a student is required to take action. Additionally
6、 nudges should be written clearly and provide as much information as possible. If students start to struggle in class, school officials should not just message them, saying they should seek academic support. The message should give information about what kinds of support the college or university of
7、fers and exactly how the student can make use of them. That is why nudges should possess interactive qualities, Acosta says. For example, students should be able to ask questions of school officials or be directed to a website for more information. In addition, colleges and universities must ensure
8、their support services are in place and working as best they can. When nudges work, they can do a lot of good. In 2018, a nonprofit group launched a nudging campaign at four U. S. community colleges. They worked with nearly 10. 000 first-year students at three such colleges in Ohio and one in Virgin
9、ia. A recent study found that older and minority students who agreed to receive these nudges were 16 to 20 percent more likely to continue into their second year than those who did not. 1. Who is most likely to receive and complete higher education according to the passage?A. Tony, whose father is t
10、he only bread-winner in the family. B. Jimmy, whose mother is a worker in a small factory. C. Betty, whose grandmother is a housemaid of a famous university professor. D. Cathy, whose parents failed to attend college but succeeded in starting a big company. 2. What can we know about nudging?A. It is
11、 rooted in psychological science. B. It is a way to improve peoples mind. C. It offers concrete and direct advice. D. It helps students via emails and text messages. 3. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. The problem with higher education. B. A way for colleges to support students. C. The po
12、pularity of nudging campaign. D. A national campaign dealing with poverty. Passage 2Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that theyre not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likel
13、y to engage with them or stick with them. The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive (认知的) behavioral therapy (CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor. Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of
14、talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer. A te
15、am of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (随机的) control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual ca
16、re from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药). After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no im
17、provement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors. Its an important, warning note that we shouldnt get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists, says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical
18、 care at the University of Liverpool. We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed. Being depressed can mean feeling lost in your own small, negative, dark world, Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particular
19、ly important in fighting that sense of isolation. When youre emotionally fragile, youre even more in need of a caring human being, he says. 1. What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?A. Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure. B. Patients cannot engage with
20、 them without the use of a computer. C. They can save patients trouble visiting physicians. D. They have been well received by a lot of patients2. What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?A. Their effectiveness in combating depressionB. The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy. C
21、. Their easy and inexpensive access by patients. D. The recommendation by primary care doctors. 3. What is Professor Dowricks advice concerning online CBT programs?A. They should not be neglected in primary care. B. Their effectiveness should not be overestimated. C. They should be used by strictly
22、following instructions. D. Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists. 4. Which is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?A. A positive state of mind. B. Appropriate medication. C. Timely encouragement. D. Human interaction.Passage 3Philip, I want to tell you a story. And L
23、ike all good stories, it starts like this. Once upon a time there was a father and in case you cant figure that out, thats me. This father had a wonderful little boy. He was very happy. Then one day, he found out his wife was going to have another baby. So I prayed, Lord, if its your will, please ma
24、ke her a little girl. And He did. I was the first person to hold her in my arms. I looked at her and said, Lord, make her like her mother. And He did. She was loving and giving, and so good and so kind. But then I realized I was getting left out. So I said, Lord, make her like me. And He did. She co
25、uld drive a truck and a tractor. She could load hay and chew tobacco(咀嚼烟草). Do you realize what you are getting? But at the same time, she was opinionated(有主见的), emotional and determined. So I said, Lord, thats enough of that! Make her like YOU! And He did. He gave her the desire to serve people. Sh
26、e loves people. She gave her life to being a nurse, shes brought people back from the dead. And she hold the hand of people who have breathed their last breath. But still something was missing. So I said to Lord, make her happy. And she met you. You see that look on her face? I never saw that until
27、she met you. And Im thankful for that. Today Im giving you the best thing I have to give. And I just want you to know before I do that. . How hard me and God has worked to get her ready. So Philip, as I give her to you. I dont think youll mind if I give you one more word of advice. Me and God have w
28、orked hard. Dont screw it up. 1. It is most likely that the speech was given_ . A. on a birthday party B. at a weddingC. at a graduation ceremony D. in a school2. Who is Philip? _ A. the son B. the son-in-lawC. the father D. the little boy3. What kind of attitude can we feel from the speech? _ A. sa
29、d B. regretfulC. angry D. thankful4. Which one may be the best title? _A. The story of my daughter B. My experience of raising my daughterC. A gift from God and a fatherD. Be kind to my daughterPassage 4 Birthdays are especially important to the very young and the very old. On their birthdays, peopl
30、e receive birthday cards and birthday presents from their family and friends. Childrens cards often have a large number on them showing how old they are. Cards for adults have pictures of flowers or scenery, or cartoons. Inside there is usually a simple greeting, such as Happy Birthday or Many Happy
31、 Returns Of The Day. In the US children who have their birthdays during the school year take a cake to school and have a small party with their class. In Britain children sometimes get bumped(lifted off the ground horizontally and put down again sharply) by their friends, the same number of times as
32、 their age. In the US, the 16th birthday is called sweet sixteen. It is the age at which a person can get a US drivers license, and some wealthier parents give their children a car as a present. At 18, in Britain and in the US, young people become adults and many have a big party. In most parts of the US, 21is the age at which people can drink alcohol legally. In Britain, people celebrate 21st birthdays less. Many adults dislike getting older an
