1、中考备考英语专题复习任务型阅读解题技巧中考备考英语专题复习任务型阅读解题技巧题型概述对于中考考生来说做“任务型”这样的题目时，普遍觉得不难，而考试结果一出来，却发现得高分的不多，原因就在于这种题型不仅要求考生读懂文章， 还要求同学们用自己的语言简练的回答有关问题；既考查了学生的阅读理解能力，也考查了大家的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的要求，使得做简答题有一定的难度。再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，也从某种意义上加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩，对于题型的研究，好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。任务型阅读即根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此
2、题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。解题步骤1看任务：略读任务 记住任务2看文段：略读文段首尾句、段 - 带着任务细读-在文段中做标记定位-对比文段中标记处和对应任务常见题型1 信息查找题：1.解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息。常用方法: 带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记2 信息转换题：解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。常见的转换方式有：词性转换，词汇转换，句型转换3 信息归纳题：解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西,归纳概括出最佳答案。方法技巧
3、技巧一：由一般疑问句引出的判断题解题技巧以be动词、助动词、情态动词为句首，句末有问号（？）的句子。要用yes 和no回答的句子.例如： Do they do their homework after school? be动词：am, is, are, was, were助动词：do, does, did, will, have, has情态动词：can , may, must, could, should, would技巧二：由选择疑问句引出的判断题解题技巧提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求选择一种情况回答，这种问句叫做选择疑问句，选择疑问句的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或
4、no。1一般选择疑问句句型：一般疑问句+or +被选择的情况？- Are you a teacher or a student？ - Im a student. 技巧三：由特殊疑问句引出的判断题解题技巧特殊选择疑问句句型：特殊疑问句+A or B?/A,B or C？- When will he leave for London，today or tomorrow？ - Tomorrow. 特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词为句首，句末有问号的句子。特殊疑问词包括Who(人物)、Where(地点)、 When(时间)、What(事件)、Why(原因)，which（哪个），whose（谁的），whom（w
5、ho的宾格形式） How(方式)和由基本疑问词变化的疑问词。例如：由what增加的what time/what day/what kind/what color/what shape/what length由how变化的 how long/how soon/ how often how old/how far/how many/how much特殊疑问句解题技巧：回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。(1)问目的，就应当用 for短语，to do不定式短语等来回答；(2)问原因，就应当用 because of 短语或because 从句来回答；(3)问方式，就应当用 By d
6、oing来回答；(4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。(5)提问词是what 只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;技巧四：最后一题提问类型Whats the main idea of the passage?What are the main points about . in this passage?What can you learn from the passage?What does the writer want to tell us？What are the purposes of ?1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。2.抓住文章的结构，要关注语
7、篇结构（总-分、分-总、总-分-总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。概括大意回答方式：记住这些有用的句型：Its( about)Its( about) what+主语+谓语, how+主语+谓语 why+主语+谓语 (注意介宾从句，主谓语序)阅读回答问题解题步骤和注意事项1、通读：快速浏览全文，标清段序。如是对话形式划分出层次2、扫读：浏览全文，每段主题句，理清文章基本结构。文章的中心思想以及作者的基本观点、正确理解语境3、精读：精读问题，圈划关键词，理解问题，带着问题找读，按出题顺序，确定答题区域。 4、
8、复读：分析，提取，整合信息、准确表达。要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、人称转化，句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬。总结提升：1. 从近五年的中考题看，阅读与表达题所给的文章均为说明文，即有说明的对象，那么文章的主旨还是比较明确的。2. 任何一篇说明文都是围绕某个主题展开的，有些文章的主题句较明显，在文章的首段。也有的文章主题句不明显，但文中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也就是我们常说的主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。3. 概括主旨离不开对全文结构的
9、把握，纵观全文，找准找全要点。4. 组织好语言，运用正确的句式，准确地表达出来。【强化练习】【1】When you are free，you can go outside to play on the streetYou can also stay at home to go onlineWhich do you think is safer？Maybe some people think going online at home saferIn fact，going online at home is not safeSo you should be careful when you go
10、onlineHere are some suggestions（建议） for you Be careful about strangers on the Internet，just as you stay away from strangers on the streetOf course，we know strangers are the persons whom we dont know If someone says some dirty words to you，dont answer and just leave You should never tell others about
11、 your real name，home address or telephone numberThey are your personal informationIf you tell others about these，it may get you into danger Never agree to meet someone you know on the InternetHe or she may be a bad person! Dont make too many net friendsIf you have free time，you should spend time wit
12、h your real friends in your real life1. How many suggestions are there in the article？（不超过5个词） _2. Whom should you be careful about online？（不超过5个词） _3. What shouldnt you tell others？（不超过5个词）_【答案】【小题1】Five【小题2】Strangers【小题3】My personal information【解析】1Five细节理解题；题意是：这篇文章里有多少建议？根据语境Be careful about str
13、angers on the Internet，If someone says some dirty words to you，dont answer and just leaveYou should never tell others about your personal information，Never agree to meet someone you know on the Internet，Dont make too many net friends，当心网上的陌生人，如果有人对你说脏话，不要回答，然后离开千万不要告诉别人你的个人信息，千万不要同意和网上认识的人见面，不要交太多的网
14、友五条建议，可得出答案 2Strangers细节理解题；题意是：在网上你应该小心谁？根据语境Be careful about strangers on the Internet要小心网络上的陌生人，可得出答案 3Mypersonal information细节理解题；题意是：你不应该告诉别人什么？根据语境You should never tell others about your real name，home address or telephone numberThey are your personal information你不应该告诉别人你的真实姓名、家庭住址或电话号码，它们是你的个
15、人信息可得出答案Passage 2.【2】Liu Wei is very famous in China because he can play the piano with his toes(脚趾).One day when Liu Wei was only 10 years old, he played a game with some friends. He lost both his arms because of electricity.Liu Wei was very sad when both his arms were cut off after the accident. B
16、ut soon he had to make a choice.“For people like me, there were only two choices. One was to give up all the dreams, which would cause a quick death. The other was to work hard without arms to live an excellent life.” says Liu Wei.Liu Weis dream was to be a pianist. He learned to play the piano with
17、 his toes. And teaching himself to play the piano with his toes was very hard. Many times he wanted to give up, but his parents went on encouraging him and he wanted to make his parents proud.Maybe you can not believe that Liu Wei is able to play well only with his toes. The audience(观众) were deeply
18、 moved and very excited when they watched his performance.1What can Liu Wei play the piano with?_2How old was Liu Wei when he lost his arms?_3Was Liu Wei very unhappy when both his arms were cut off？_4Who encouraged Liu Wei to play the piano?_5How did the audience feel when they watched Lius perform
19、ance?_【答案】1His toes. 2Ten years old. 3Yes, he was.4His parents. 5They were deeply moved and very excited.【解析】1根据题干的意思可知，with 用，因此我们可以在短文的开头Liu Wei is very famous in China because he can play the piano with his toes找到答案，刘伟可以用他的脚趾弹钢琴。第二段补充了原因，因为刘伟小时候失去了双臂。2 根据短文第二段中One day when Liu Wei was only 10 yea
20、rs old, he played a game with some friends. He lost both his arms because of electricity.可知，刘伟10岁的时候，和一些朋友们一起玩游戏，因为电失去了他的双臂。由此可找到答案，是在他十岁的时候。3根据短文第三段中Liu Wei was very sad when both his arms were cut off after the accident.可知，刘伟的胳膊在事故后被截肢，他感到非常的伤心。由此可知这个题目的答案是肯定的。4根据短文中Many times he wanted to give up
21、, but his parents went on encouraging him and he wanted to make his parents proud.可知，刘伟想练习用脚趾弹钢琴，这很困难，很多次，他都想要放弃，但是他的父母一直鼓励他。由此可知答案是His parents。5根据短文的最后The audience(观众) were deeply moved and very excited when they watched his performance可知，当观众们看到刘伟的表演的时候，他们都被深深地感动了，而且非常的激动。由此可找到本题的答案。【3】Always play
22、in a safe place. A park is a safe place because there is no cars or trucks. But do not talk to strangers. Never go with a stranger into a car.Before crossing the road, stop and look both ways. Look left, look right and look left again.Keep away from houses or buildings that are being built or knocke
23、d down. Something might fall on your head, or you might cut yourself on broken glass.Medicines or pills can be dangerous. Never swallow(吞下) any pills or medicines you find in the cupboard.Dont swim in the pool or river without adults. Wear a life jacket whenever you go out in a boat. Even if you are
24、 not in the open sea and the water is not deep, you should have your life jacket on. Its easy to fall out of a boat.1_ AdviceWhen or whereHow to doPlay in a safe placePlay in a park. Never talk to 2_ or go with them.When crossing a roadStop and look 3_.Houses or buildings being built or knocked down
25、Stay away.Medicines or pillsNever swallow any medicines without a doctors advice.In a 4_Wear a life jacket.On a bus, car or trainNever put 5_ out of them.Do not put your head out of a car, bus or train. Many children have been killed by doing this.【答案】1(Some) Safety 2Strangers 3Both ways/left and ri
26、ght 4Boat 5ones/your/our head【解析】1根据短文的标题，故填(Some) Safety2根据A park is a safe place because there is no cars or trucks. But do not talk to strangers.可知不要和陌生人交谈，故填strangers3根据stop and look both ways. Look left, look right and look left again.可知要看路的两边，故填Both ways/left and right4根据表格中穿救生衣，及短文Wear a life
27、 jacket whenever you go out in a boat 故填boat5根据短文描述Do not put your head out of a car, bus or train ，故填ones/your/our head【4】Should Shanghai bid for(申办) the Summer Olympics in 2028? Here are some peoples opinions.Some people said, “The games will improve Shanghais global influence and the city is powe
28、rful and must try to become a platform(平台) for major international dialogues.43. Shanghai has succeeded in holding the World Expo in 2010 and the city can also hold a successful Summer Olympics.” Others, however, are not sure that its a good idea. They think the Olympics would be too expensive and t
29、he money could be better spent on other things.44.The 2008 Beijing Olympics brought much prestige(声望) to the city and to China, but its cost, over $40 million, was high and the Olympic site(场地) in the center of the city is now largely unused. Could Shanghai learn from Beijings experience and do it better?My answer is yes. As one American said, “A great city has to do great things.” Shanghai is a great city and is not afraid of facing challenge
