1、牛津英语初中英语主谓一致教学内容主谓一致常用的判断方法：1.语法一致的原则 ； 2.意义一致的原则 ； 3.邻近一致的原则 活学活用： 谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1.语法一致的原则 （1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： Hegoestoschoolearlyeverymorning. Thechildrenareplayingoutside. Toworkhardisnecessaryforastudent. （2）由and或b
2、othand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： BothheandIareright. MrBlackandMrsBlackhaveasoncalledTom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： Histeacherandfriendisabeautifulgirl. Thepoetandwriterhascome. （3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.
3、 Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtohelp. （4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but,except,besides,with等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： Theteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtovisitthemuseum. Nobodybuttwoboyswaslateforclass. Breadandbutterisadailyfoodinthewest. （5）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people,police,cattle,clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： Alotofpeoplearedancingou
4、tside. Thepolicearelookingfor thelostboy. （6）由each,some,any,no,every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如： Iseverybodyready? Somebodyisusingthephone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Wherearemyshoes? Icantfindthem. Yourtrousersaredirty. Youdbetterchangethem. 如果这类名词前用了ap
5、airof等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如： Herearesomenewpairsofshoes. Mynewpairofsocksisonthebed. 2.意义一致的原则 （1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如： Twentyyearsisnotalongtime. Tendollarsistoodear. （2）有些集合名词，如family,team等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员， 则用复数。例如： Myfamilyisbigone. Myfamilyarewatching
6、TV. （3）不定代词由all,most,more,some,any,none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如： Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished. Allofthepeoplehavegone. （4）疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。例如： Whoisyourbrother? WhoareLeaguemembers? （5）“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作
7、主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Itissaidthat35percentofthedoctorsarewomen. Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea. （6）half,therest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如： Ihavereadalargepartofthebook,therestismoredifficult. Onlytenstudentsattendedtheclassbecauseallthe
8、restwereoffsick. （7）由what引导的主语从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Whatshesaidiscorrect. Whatsheleftmeareafewoldbooks. （8）凡是以“定冠词+形容词（或分词）”作主语，往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数；如果指的是一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound. Thedeadisafamousperson. 3.邻近一
9、致的原则 （1）由连词or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复 数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最接近它的主语一致。例如： EitheryouorIamright. Neitherthechildrennortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit. （2）在“Therebe”句型中,谓语动词和最接近的主语一致。 Therearetwoapplesandoneegginit. （3）aswellas和名词连用时,谓语动词和第一个名词相一致。 HeaswellasIisresponsiblefori
10、t. 不但是我，他对这件事也有责任。 （4）以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和最接近的主语一致。 Hereisaletterandsomebooksforyou. 中考解析： （ ）1.Howtimeflies!Tenyears_passed. （04年 天津） A.have B.has C.is D.are（ ）2.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother_totheSummerPalace.Theyhaventbeenback. （04年 南通） A.havebeen B.havegone C.hasbeen D.hasgone （ ）3.Neithermyfa
11、ther_goingtoseethepatient. （04年吉林） A.norIamB.norIare C.ormeareD.ormeis （ ）4.Look!There_playingwiththetouristsonYinheSquare. （04年包头） A.areanumberofdeerB.areanumberofdeers C.isanumberofdeerD.isanumberofdeers 实战演练 一.选择填空 （ ）1.Theysaidtheeighteenthandlastlesson_quiteeasy. A.is B.was C.are D.were （ ）2.-W
12、henareyougoingtoKunmingforyourholidays? -Ihaventdecided._thisSunday_nextSundayisOK. A.Both;and B.Either;or C.Neither;nor D.Notonly;butalso （ ）3._Helen_JoanspeaksbeautifulChineseaftertheycametoChina. A.Neither;nor B.Notonly;butalso C.Both;and D.AandB （ ）4._ofthemhashisownopinion. A.Both B.Some C.Ever
13、y D.Each （ ）5.Arethereany_onthefarm? A.horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheep （ ）6.Myshirt_whiteandmytrousers_blue. A.are;are B.are;is C.is;isD.is;are （ ）7.-Twomonths_quitealongtime. -Yes.Imafraidthathewillmissalotoflessons. A.is B.are C.was D.were （ ）8.Theoldmanhastwochildrenbut_ofthemliveswithhim. A.both
14、B.none C.neither D.all （ ）9.Ourknowledgeofcomputer_growingallthetime. A.be B.is C.are D.were （ ）10.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_therewhenthemeetingbegan. A.is B.was C.are D.were （ ）11.Mostofthehouses_thisyear. A.hasbuilt B.havebuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.havebeenbuilt （ ）12.Ithinkmaths_verydifficulttolearn.
15、A.is B.are C.has D.have （ ）13.Alargenumberofstudents_toworkinXingjiang. A.havegone B.hasgone C.goes D.isgoing （ ）14.Thenumberofthestudentsintheclass_small. A.are B.is C.have D.were （ ）15.There_alotofgoodnewsintodaysnewspaper. A.is B.are C.was D.were ( ) 16. The Greens _ China for five years. (1999甘肃
16、) A. has been in B. has been to C. have been in D. have been to ( ) 17. Paper _ first invented in China.(1999昆明) A. is B. are C. was D. were ( ) 18. Listen! Some birds _ in the tree.(1999广西) A. is singing B. sings C. singing D. are singing ( ) 19. There _ an eraser under the desk. Is it yours? (1999
17、杭州) A. is B. has C. was D. had ( ) 20. Therere lots of English books, and _ of them is easy to understand. (99山西) A. both B. all C. every D. each ( ) 21. Between the two buildings _ a school. A. lie B. lies C. lying D. have ( ) 22. There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a
18、B. are some C. has a D. have some ( ) 23. _ there many American friends in the school last Friday?A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were( ) 24. Neither you nor Lin Hua _ to the great Wall before. A. have been B. has gone C. has been D. have been ( ) 25. Each of us _ a nice pencil-box.A. have B. has C. are havi
19、ng D. had ( ) 26. _ any flowers on both sides of the street? (1998湖南) A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have ( ) 27. Either Jim or Sam _ going to help us this afternoon. A. was B. were C. is D. are ( ) 28. There _ a great many accidents last year.A. were B. are C. is D. was( ) 29. Mr. Brown togethe
20、r with his family _ just arrived in Xian. A. has B. have C. had D. are ( ) 30. The old _ taken good care of in China. A. are B. is C. was D. have( ) 31. Maths _ one of the _ subjects in middle school. A. are; important B. is; most important C. is; more important D. are; much important ( ) 32. There
21、_ any milk in the bottle.(1997浙江) A. is B. isnt C. are D. arent ( ) 33. Even a child knows that _ are made of _. A. glasses; glass B. glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses ( ) 34. _ there a number of fish in the river at that time? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were ( ) 35. Not only the parent
22、s but also James _ London. They will come back in a month。 A. has been to B. have been to C. has gone to D. have gone to ( ) 36. Each man and each woman _ bring some money here. A. has B. have C. has to D. have to ( ) 37. -How many children _ in the picture?-Three. A. has there B. is there C. have t
23、here D. are there( ) 38. Sheep _ white and milk _ white, too. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is ( ) 39. Milk and bread _ my favourite food every morning. A. is B. are C. will be D. was ( ) 40. _ either you or she going to the United States?A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Does ( ) 41. There _ a pai
24、r of shoes on the floor. The shoes _ mine. A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are （ ）42. Here _ orange and two apples on the plate. A. is an B. is a C. are some D. has an （ ）43. Class Two _ taking their lessons when there was a knock at the door. A. is B. are C. was D. were （ ）44. -None of them
25、 _ a good cook.-You are right. And none of you _ good cooks, either. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is （ ）45. The teacher and writer _ from America. A. are B. were C. is D. come （ ）46. There _ sheep in the field. (2000辽宁) A. are much B. is small C. is a few D. is a little （ ）47. The news _
26、 for my mother.(2000山西) A. are B. were C. be D. is （ ）48. More than a month _ since the foreign friends came here. A. has passed B. have passed C. has past D. have past （ ）49. The mother with her little son _ at my home _ that snowy night. A. were; at B. was; at C. were; on D. was; on （ ）50. Linda w
27、orks hard, and _. A. so does her brother B. so did her brother C. her brother do so D. her brother did so ( ) 51. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A_ covered by forests.A. were B. has been C. / D. was( ) 52. My family as well as I _ glad to see you.A. was B. is C. are D. am( ) 53. My father, together with some of his old friends, _ there already.A. will be B. had been C. has been D. have been(
