1、译林英语8Aunit1知识点教案8A Unit 1 Friends 知识点一、重点短语1. 一些喝的东西_ 2. 关心，在乎_ 3. 和某人交谈_ 4. 谈论某事_ 5. 告诉某人关于某事_ 6. 为某人保守秘密_ 7. 愿意做某事_ 8. 使我开心_ 9. 相信某人说的话_ 10. 写信给青少年杂志_ 11. 在方面有问题_ 做某事有问题_ 12.信任某人_ 13. 对某人撒谎_ 14. 给某人讲笑话_ 15. 我最好的朋友之一_ 16.随时_ 17. 帮助某人某事_ /帮助某人做某事_ 18. 对某人友好_ 19. 在公交车上给需要的人让座_ 20. 长大_ 21. 与某人分享某事_ 22
2、. 使某人做某事_ 23. 很有幽默感_ 24. 对某人感到无聊_ 25. 有一副好嗓子_ 26. 走过我们的课桌_ 27. 把。撞到。上面_ 28. 又长又直的头发_ 29 说某人的坏话_ 30. 一个真正的朋友_ 31. 某事困扰（使担心）某人_ 32. 去找某人（求助）_ 33. 选择某人作为你最好的朋友_ 34. 最贵的电脑_ 35. 一次绘画比赛_ 36. 一次英语测试_ 37. 在六个学生中_ 38. Millie的身高和体重_ 39. 与某人交朋友_ 40. 因.而出名/作为.而出名_ 41. 认真地倾听人们的问题_ 42. 周游世界_ 43. 谈论我们的未来计划_ 44. 一位
3、社会工作者_ 45. 漂亮的艺术品_ 46. 更多的了解._ 47. 一个扎马尾辫的女孩_ 48. 一张圆/方的脸_ 49. 明亮微笑的眼眸_ 50. 面带微笑_ 51.有耐心_ 52.感到不快乐/悲伤_ 53. 和孩子们一起工作_ 54. 成为一名杰出的老师_ 55. 对某人大方_ 二、重要句型1. what about some milk？ 再来点牛奶怎么样？ what about= how about ? 意为“. 怎么样？”，后面跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式，用于表示邀请、建议、询问消息或征求对方意见。其他表示建议或征求意见的句型还有：（1）Shall I/we do sth ? 我
4、/我们做. 好吗？ （2）Lets do sth, (shall we?) 让我们做.，(好吗?)（3）Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意做.吗？（4）Why not do sth ?= Why dont we/you do sth ? 为什么不做.呢？（5）Would/Will/Could/Can you please do sth? 请你做.，好吗？ 注意：在征求意见或希望得到肯定回答的问句中，常常用some，而不用any，上述句型都可以与some连用。例题：（1）- I feel stressed（压力的）from time to time . Could yo
5、u give me some advice ? -_ sharing your worries with your parents ? A. Why dont you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like （2）Would you please _(not make) so much noise ?（3）You should have some water .（同义句） _ _ have _ water ? 2. Betty is one of my best friends. Betty 是我最好的朋友之一。one of.用法 （1）one of
6、 +复数代词宾格或名词复数，在这一结构中，如果 one of 短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：One of them is good at maths One of the apples has gone bad . 期中一个苹果坏了（2）One of+ the +形容词最高级+名词复数，同样的如果作主语，视为单数。 如：The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 例题：One of the _(student) _(come) from the USA in our class. Jay Chou is one of _(p
7、opular) _(sing) among the young at present. 3. They make him look smart . 它们使他看起来很精明。make是使役动词，意为“使，让”，一般有以下用法make +n（名词）+adj（形容词） make+n+n make sb do sth : 使某人做某事例题：He lost his key. It made him _(stay) in the cold to wait for his wifes return. The news that Tom failed the tests made his father _. A
8、. angry B. angrily C. happy D. happily 4. May is a true friend. 梅是一个真正的朋友。 true adj. 确实的，的确 其副词形式为 truly，名词 truth，意为“真相，事实”true与real 区别：true 着重表示某事物与实际情况相吻合；而real着重表示事物是客观存在的，并非想象捏造出来的。例题：（1）I think its a _ pleasure （高兴）if the news is _ . 我认为如果这个消息是真的，那真是一件令人高兴的事。（2）I cant believe I am _(real) going
9、 to meet the pop star .（3）Is it _ that you will go abroad for further study? 5. When something worries me , I can always go to her. 当有事情困扰我的时候，我总能去找她倾诉。worry用法。（1）vt 及物动词：使.担心，使烦恼 常用短语：sth worry sb 某物使某人担心 如：Dont worry me with such a little thing. （2）vi 不及物动词：为.而担忧，烦恼 ，可单独使用，也可接介词about，worry about s
10、b/sth 担心某人/某事 如： Dont worry about me. I can look after myself. 其形容词为worried， be worried about = worry about.例题：-The school network will be closed in a few days . - That doesnt _ me at all. Im not a net-worm （网虫）A. worry B. worry about C. worried D. be worried about 6. Max looks smart in his small ro
11、und glasses. 马克斯带着小圆眼镜看起来很精明。某人穿着/戴着某物 看起来. 表达句型有两种sb looks + adj + in+ sth = sth looks +adj + on+sb （人穿在衣服里面，所有人作主语，后面介词用in sth；衣服穿在人身上，所以衣服作主语后面的介词有on sb）例题：The pair of jeans looks nice _ Sandy because she looks very nice _ red . A. on ;on B. on ; in C. in ;in D. in ; on 7. Height and weight 身高和体重
12、height 名词，意为“高度”，其形容词为high。问某物的高度常用句型：Whats the height of sth ? 或 How high is sth? weight 名词，意为“重量”，其形容词为heavy，动词为weigh。问某人的体重常用句型： Whats the weight of sb?/ Whats sbs weight ? 或 How heavy is sb ? 或How much does sb weigh ? 例题：(1) -_ is the height of Tom , Helen? - Hes about 180cm. A. What B. How heav
13、y C. How tall D. How much (2) The egg weighed about 50 grams . （对画线部分提问）_? 8. Whats sb like? 与What does sb look like? 有什么区别 What does sb look like? 意为“某人长得什么样子？”用来询问某人的外貌特征 Whats sb like? 除了用来询问某人的外貌外，还可以问某人的性格和个性。 What does sb like? 某人喜欢什么？ How does sb look? 某人看起来怎么样？没有 How does sb look like ? 或 Ho
14、w does sb like? 例题：-_? - He is friendly. A. How is he B. What does he look like C. What does he like D. What is he like 三、重点语法 形容词的比较级和最高级 比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化：单音节的词及少部分双音节的词在词尾加-er或-est；注意重读闭音节（即辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾）的单词要双写尾字母再加-er或-est。如：small_ nice_ busy_ thin_ slim_ 大部分双音节词及多音节词（三个及三个以上音节的）在词前加more 或most。
15、如: popular_ boring_ fun_ 注意：以-le,-ow, -er结尾的双音节词或是-y结尾的形容词，比较级和最高级构成均是在后面加-er或-est；但是以ly结尾的副词必须用more和most构成比较级和最高级形式。如：narrow（狭窄的）_ friendly_ simple（简单的）_ gentle_ clever_ slowly_ early_不规则变化：good/well_ ill/badly/bad _ many /much _ little _ far _（注意两者区别） 形容词比较级基本句式:A + be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B. (A比B)W
16、hich/Who +be +形容词比较级, A or B? (哪个/谁更, A 还是B？) 比较级前的修饰语：常见修饰比较级的副词及意义：much = a lot (得多) ；a little = a bit (一点点)； even (甚至)；still（更）；far (远远) ；any (丝毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑问句中) 如：Our village is much _(beautiful ) than theirs . His handwriting is even _(good) than yours . 使用比较级时的注意事项1. 比较的双方必须是同类人或事物，即比较对象要一致。改错：
17、My bag is heavier than her. _ 2. 在含有比较级的句中，前后比较对象的性质要相同，为避免重复，后面的比较对象用that（指代前文的单数）或those（指代前文的复数）代替，that或those既可以指人，也可以指物。改错: In winter, the weather in guangzhou is much warmer than Beijing. _ The books in our school library are more than your school. _3. 比较的范围要清楚。同一范围内比较 比较级+than any other +单数.+in
18、. = 比较级+than anyone else +in =比较级+than + the other +复数/the others +in (只有同一范围比较才能出现other/else) 非同一范围内比较 比较级+than any+单数+in 例题：（1）Shanghai is larger than _ in China. A. any city B. any other city C. the other city D. all other cities （2）Shanghai is larger than _ in Jiangsu. A. any city B. any other c
19、ity C. the other city D. all other cities 4. 避免重复比较，千万不能出现“more+比较级” 改错： Tom is more busier than his sister these days. 5. 比较级前面一般不用定冠词the，但是如果比较范围是“of + the two”，则比较级前就要用定冠词the表示与另一个的区别，即 the+比较级+of the two. 如：（1）He is _ of the two boys. A. a taller B. taller C. the tallest D. the taller （2）Which i
20、s _, Mary or Millie? A. taller B. the taller C. more taller D. tallest （3）This is a very interesting film, I never see _ one. A. better B. a better C. best D. the better.6. 不含than的比较级句式：（1）“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +多音节词” : “越来越” 他越来越高。 Hes taller and taller. 英语越来越重要 English is more and more impo
21、rtant.（2）The+比较级, the+比较级 “越, 越” 你越快乐就越美丽。The happier you are, the more beautiful you are. 最高级的用法(1)形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较, 形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前的the可省略。后面多用of/among或in短语,其中of/among 后接的名词与主语属于同一类事物；in+比较的范围如：The book is the most interesting _ all the books. Im the cleverest _ our class.(2)表示三或三者以上的人或物
22、中进行选择“哪一个最.”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，B or C? ”表示。Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?（3）表示“最.的.之一”时，用“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”结构，该形容词后用复数形式。Our school is one of _(good) _ (school) in our city.（4）形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最.”.，即“.the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in+范围”The Yellow River is th
23、e second _ river in China.A. long B. longer C. longest D. shortest (5)被物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加theChinas biggest city isShanghai.Fishing is his latest（最新的） hobby.练习：（ ）1. .-You are as _ as your brother. - Yes, I seldom have a cold A good B nice C kind D well（ ）2.Lucys pen is _ nicer than yours. A.to
24、o B.more C.quite D.a little（ ）3. .-You do housework as _ as your wife. A carefully B careful C good D wonderful（ ）4.-Is your maths better than_? -Yes, I work harder at it than _, you know . A. Kate; her B. Kates ; her C. Kate; she D. Kates ; hers （ ）5. I think snakes are _ among the wild animals . A
25、. more dangerous B. most dangerous C. much dangerous D. the most dangerous （ ）6. Youd better put your heart into study. You see, the _ you are , the _ progress （进步） youll make . A. careful；much B. more careful； more C. most careful；most D. carefully; many （ ）7. This computer is the best one _ the sh
26、op, but it is also the most expensive _ the computers. A. in; of B. in; in C. of ;of D. of; in （ ）8. When autumn comes; the weather becomes _. A. cooler and cooler B. cool and cool C. hotter and hotter D. hot and hot （ ）9. Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital . But after a weeks rest , she felt much _ A. good B. better C. bad D. worse （ ）10. Tom is taller than _ in his class. A. any boy B. the other boy C. any other boys D. the other boys（ ）11. -Do you like Zh
