1、浙江省高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解讲义doc浙江省2019年高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解讲义 阅读理解 阅读理解真题检测一 2018年6月浙江高考 A In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 but nobody wanted to do it pr
2、ofessionally.The steam powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy 识字 rate in England was under 50.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plai
3、n bad. In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dick
4、ens greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon 名人堂 of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa. How did Dickens get to the topFor all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely
5、 difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half dozen of them.Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.Its partly that his writings rode a wave of socia
6、l, political and scientific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible
7、and important for our own culture to understand how he made himself a lasting one. 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述了英国著名作家查尔斯狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英国文学中的地位的。 21Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century AThey were difficult to understand. BThey were popular among the rich. CThey were seen as
8、 nearly worthless. DThey were written mostly by women. 解析选C 细节理解题。 根据第一段内容尤其是最后一句“Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.”可知，那时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。 故选C项。 22Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress_. Ahis reputat
9、ion in France Bhis interest in modern art Chis success in publication Dhis importance in literature 解析选D 推理判断题。 根据第二段最后一句“Removing him from the pantheon 名人堂 of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.”可知，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售蒙娜丽莎的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重
10、要性，由此可推知D项正确。 23What is the authors purpose in writing the text ATo remember a great writer. BTo introduce an English novel. CTo encourage studies on culture. DTo promote values of the Victorian age. 解析选A 写作意图题。 根据文中对查尔斯狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和文章最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯狄更斯这位伟大的作家。
11、B Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is de
12、fending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag. Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts 收银台The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California，inclu
13、ding Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds,_plastic bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume. Among the bag makers argumentsmany cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily rec
14、ycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at，they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today. The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacementreusable shopping bags.The stronger a reusable
15、 bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic bag use it cancels out.However, longer lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic. Environmentalists dont dispute质疑these points.Th
16、ey hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years. 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。 文章分析了几种购物袋的使用情况，塑料袋造成了环境问题，尽管纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源；环保专家认为塑料袋和纸袋都不要用，希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。 24What has Steven Stein been hired to do AHelp increase grocery sales. BRecycle the waste mater
17、ial. CStop things falling off trucks. DArgue for the use of plastic bags. 解析选D 细节理解题。 根据第二段最后一句“plastic bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume”可知，塑料购物袋制造商雇用像Steven Stein这样的科学家来说明他们的产品并不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有坏处，故选D项
18、。 25What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to ABans on plastic bags. BEffects of city development. CHeadaches caused by garbage. DPlastic bags hung in trees. 解析选A 词义猜测题。 根据画线词前的“these”可知，此处指代上一句内容“The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in .”即在大约90个城市都禁止使用塑料袋，由此可知，A项“禁止使用塑料袋”为正确选项。 26
19、What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic bag makers AThey are quite expensive. BReplacing them can be difficult. CThey are less strong than plastic bags. DProducing them requires more energy. 解析选D 细节理解题。 根据第四段倒数第二句“However, longer lasting reusable bags often require more energy t
20、o make.”可知，生产这种耐用且能重复使用的购物袋需要更多的能源，故选D项。 27What is the best title for the text APlastic, Paper or Neither BIndustry, Pollution and Environment CRecycle or Throw Away DGarbage Collection and Waste Control 解析选A 标题归纳题。 本文主要叙述了三方面的内容塑料购物袋产生“白色垃圾”；塑料购物袋制造商想出了对策用可重复使用的购物袋；环保专家希望塑料袋和纸袋都不用。 故A项“塑料袋、纸袋或者两者都不
21、用”可作为文章的最佳标题。 C As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young.The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line装配线on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build
22、 fifteen million of them. Modern America was born on the road，behind a wheel.The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger.For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American going forwa
23、rd at high speed to find new worlds.The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history. In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in
24、every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm based society into an industrial power. The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.In America the demand for
25、oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990. The problems of excessive 过度的 energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas LFriedman.He fears the worst, but hopes for the best. Friedman points out that the green economy 经济 is a chance t
26、o keep American strength.“The ability to design，build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.” 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了美国经典的“汽车文化”，它对美国各方面的影响是巨大而深远的。 汽车给美国人民带来了便利，把美国从一个以农业为主的国家变成一个工业大国，汽车成为美
27、国社会的一个文化符号。 但与此同时，汽车也带来了很多问题，例如能源的过度消耗、气候变化以及污染等。 28Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2 ATo explain Americans love for travelling by car. BTo show the influence of cars on American culture. CTo stress the popularity of fast food with Americans. DTo praise the effectiveness of Americas road sys
28、tem. 解析选B 推理判断题。 根据第二段第二句“The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture .even the hamburger.”可知，汽车塑造了某些最持久的美国文化，其中就包括汉堡。 由此可知，汽车对于汉堡文化的形成，影响是非常大的。 所以，在第二段中提及汉堡，就是为了展现汽车对于美国文化有相当大的影响。 故选B项。 29What has the use of cars in America led to ADecline of economy. BEnvironmental problems
29、. CA shortage of oil supply. DA farm based society. 解析选B 细节理解题。 根据第四段第一句“The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.”可知，驱动美国梦的汽车导致了全球性的生态灾难，即汽车的使用引起了环境问题。 故选B项。 30What is Friedmans attitude towards Americas future AAmbiguous. BDoubtful. CHopeful. DToler
30、ant. 解析选C 观点态度题。 根据最后一段第一句“Friedman points out that the green economy 经济 is a chance to keep American strength.”可知，Friedman 认为绿色经济是使美国保持实力的一个机遇。 由此可知，他对美国的未来充满了希望。 故选C项。 阅读理解真题检测二 2017年11月浙江高考 A When I was in fourth grade, I worked parttime as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. Shed w
31、atch me coming down her street, and by the time Id biked up to her doorstep, thered be a cold drink waiting. Id sit and drink while she talked. Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning，” shed say. The first time she said that, soda 汽水 went up m
32、y nose. I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe shed work_it_out_of_her_system. So thats what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery 墓地 I finally quit delivering newspapers and didnt see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fundraiser 募捐活动. She was spooning mashed potatoes and lookin
