1、高三英语二轮专题复习专题二 阅读七选五全国卷3年考点分布表综合上表可知，高考阅读七选五的考查以说明文为主，题材主要为介绍说明，内容更贴近生活、贴近时代；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。选题更具有浓厚的时代气息，更符合高中英语教学实际，并越来越与学生的学习经历和生活经历相关联，引导考生关爱自我，关爱社会。A(2018全国卷)Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of th
2、e first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional？Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？_36_，color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years，there have been a number of different techniq
3、ues to help designers approach this important point._37_，they can get a little complex.But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones._38_Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillo
4、ws，mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa，small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture piece
5、s such as sofas，dinner tables or bookshelves._39_They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls，ceilings，and floors.Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort
6、 and relative expense put into it are significant._40_AWhile all of them are usefulBWhatever youre looking forCIf youre experimenting with a colorDSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar withEIts not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesFSo it pays to be sure，because you
7、want to get it right the first timeGColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了颜色在家庭装饰中的巨大作用，并介绍了三种设计方案。36B上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到“making a room feel the way you want it to feel”可知，此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。37A结合第二段第一句中的“a number of different techniques”以
8、及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示“虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂”，故A项符合语境。38D第二段最后一句出现了“the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones”，第三段提到了“small color choices”，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲“the small ones”，故选D。39G第四段最后一句提到了“a bigger commitment than smaller ones”和“a more powerful effect”可知，此处是和上文中的“small color choices”作对比，故选G。40F根
9、据第五段第二句提到的“the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，此处意在强调所花费的时间、精力和费用是巨大的，由此可推知选F。B(2017全国卷) If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily.Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，il
10、lcooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me._36_The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer._37_ We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit wit
11、h Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another funfilled holiday in the wilderness._38_ Instead，we had a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My
12、natureloving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. _39_ We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twentyeightfoot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a builtin TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matchi
13、ng carpet and curtains. _40_ It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since
14、 then，however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.FAfter the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.GThere was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者由一名不喜欢野营的人转变成一名野营爱好者的故事，并呼吁大家多亲近大自然。36D本题为段尾题。本句起承上启下的作用，从一、二段的关系看，二者是转折关系，第一段主要讲述了作者以前不喜欢野
15、营，第二段讲述了在朋友的引导下开始进行野营，故本题应该选择D项“I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.”。37C本题为段中题。根据下文“This brief visit with .my sons food poisoning.”可知，这次野营并不顺利。故本题应该选择C项“The trip they took me on was a rough one.”。38A本题为段中题。根据下文中的“Instead，we had a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air condi
16、tioner.”并结合前文可知，作者这次野营没有带帐篷，故本题应该选择A项“This time there was no tent.”。39F本题为段首题。本句起承上启下的作用，从前后文看，作者通过这次旅行，开始喜欢上了野营，故本题应该选择F项“After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.”。40E本题为段首题。根据前后文作者越来越喜欢上了野营，并建议大家也要多亲近大自然可知，本题应该选择E项“I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.”。C(2016
17、全国卷)Secret codes(密码)keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years._36_ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating a
18、nd reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography._37_ For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”_38_You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Lets number the letters of the alpha
19、bet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “135520135.”A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book._39_ For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might sta
20、nd for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” _40_However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.BIn any language，some letters are used more than others.COnly people who kno
21、w the keyword can read the message.DAs long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.FWith a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.GAnother way to hide a message is to use sy
22、mbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置和破解的方法。比如利用该字母在字母表中排序的数字来代表该字母，或者利用一些单词的首字母来组成一个密码等。36D本题为段中题。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。37E本题为段中题。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E
23、选项内容符合语境逻辑。38G本题为段首题。根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故G选项内容Another way to hid a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.符合语境。39F本题为段中题。根据后面的举例以及前句中的a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.可以起到承上启下的作用。40
24、A本题为段中题。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。主要考查考生的逻辑能力，包括整篇语言逻辑和句与句之间上下文逻辑关系的判断；备选答案中含有两个干扰选择，这两个干扰选项在表面上看往往与正确答案有一定的相关性，这给考生解题带来很大的困难；文章篇幅较长，解题时间有限，选错一题甚至可以造成两题出错。该题型要求考生从整体上把
25、握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于这两种题型，考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。此题型应从以下几个方面入手：技巧1 依据词汇线索词汇线索主要包括代词线索和词汇复现两种情况。1代词线索英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高。代词主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。典例(2018
26、全国卷)“I adore dancing，” says Lester Bridges，the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.“I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.“Teaching dance is wonderful._37_ Its great to watch them.For many of them，its a way of meeting people and having a social life.”A
27、So why do we dance?BDance in the US.is everywhere.CIf you like dancing outdoors，come to America.DMy older students say it makes them feel young.EI keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.FDancing seems to change their feeling completely.GThey stayed up all night long singing and dancing.答案D本句起到
28、承上启下的作用。根据设空前一句“Teaching dance is wonderful”可知，下文应与教别人跳舞有关，又根据设空后一句“Its great to watch them”中的“them”可知，待填句中应包含一个表示人的复数名词，故选D。2词汇复现词汇复现指相同词汇的重复使用、同义词和近义词的复现或同一范畴词的复现。英语的线性思维表现为第一句话的宾语，往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)的同义词、近义词(组)或反义词(组)复现的方式来实现。解题时可以利用这些词作为解题线索。典例(2017全国卷)When y
29、ou need to talk to someone，dont do it in your own office._39_，its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.AIf youre busy，dont feel bad about saying noBWhen you want to avoid interruptions at workC
30、Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesDIf youre in the other persons office or in a public areaEIts important that you let them know when youll be availableFIt might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youGLeave it open when youre available to talk and close it when you
31、re not答案D解答本题可利用词汇复现作为解题线索。对比本空以及所给的选项，可以看出空格前的in your own office与D项中的in the other persons office相对应。前文说“不要在自己的办公室谈事情”，后文说“如果你在别人的办公室或公共场合，借口要回去工作要容易得多”才是符合语境的。技巧2 依据逻辑和衔接关系文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、并列、层递、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。“七选五”阅读理解的解题策略之一就是理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。我们要熟记常见的逻辑关系的标识词。如：(1)表示转折关系：however，though，yet，on the contrary等；(2)表示因果关系：so，therefore，thus，as a result等；(3)表示顺序：at first，later，after，finally等；(4)表示并列与递进关系：and，whats more，not only.but also，firstly，secondly等；(5)表示列举：some.others，the second.，the third.，for one thing.for another等。典例(2018全国卷)Before there wa
