1、英语人教版九年级全册英语五种基本句型英语五种基本句型教案一TeachingGoals教学目标:1.AbilityGoals能力目标:aLearnsomedetailinformationaboutthebasicstructuresofEnglishsentences;b.Improvethestudentsabilityofanalyzethestructureofsentences;c.EnablethestudentstotranslatetheEnglishsentences2.LearningAbilityGoals学能目标:Helpthestudentsgrasptheabilit
2、yofconstructingnewsentences.3.Emotion情感目标:a.Learnhowtocooperatewithothers;b.Buildtheself-confidenceofstudents二TeachingImportantPoints教学重点:a.ThefivebasicEnglishstructuresb.ConstructingEnglishsentences;c.Trainthestudentsabilityoftranslatingcomplexsentences三TeachingDifficultPoints教学难点a.Traintheabilityh
3、owtowritetherightsentences,includingthecomplexones;b.Traintheabilityofanalyzingthewholepassageandgivethemainideasofthepassageorparagraphs四TeachingAids教学设备Acomputer,aprojectorandsomeslides五TeachingProceduresStep1句子的成分.主语: 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事,由名,代,数,不定式,动名词,短语或句子充当位于句首。谓语: 说明主语做什么,是什么或怎么样,由动词或动词词组充当, 位于主语后
4、。宾语: 表示动作行为的对象,通常位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语补足语: 补充宾语的成分,通常位于宾语后。由形容词,名词,介词短语等充当。表语: 说明主语的性质或特征,位于系动词之后。以上的成分称为基本句子成分。完整的句子一般至少包含2-4个基本成分。定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语定语可由以下等成分表示:Guilin is a beautiful city. (形容词)China is a developing country; America is a developed country. (分词)There are thirty women teachers in our sc
5、hool. (名词)His rapid progress in English made us surprised. (代词)Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. (不定式)The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. (动名词)He is reading an article about how to learn English. (介词短语)Tom is a boy who likes music very much. (从句)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或
6、整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。通常有副词,介词短语和从句充当状语种类如下: How about meeting again at six? (时间状语)Last night she didnt go to the dance party because ofthe rain. (原因状语)I shall go there if it doesnt rain. (条件状语)Mr Smith lives on the third floor. (地点状语)She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 方式状语She came
7、 in with a dictionary in her hand. 伴随状语In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 目的状语He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 结果状语She works very hard though she is old. 让步状语I am taller than he is.比较状语同位语: 对其前面的名词代词做进一步解释. That is Mr. Chen, our English teacher. 插入语: 对一句话作一些附加的
8、解释. To be honest, I dont quite agree with you. 定语,状语,同位语及插入语可以称为附属句子成分。Step 2. 简单句基本句型.Showtothestudentsthebasicstructures.基本句型一:+(主谓)基本句型二:+(主谓表)基本句型三:+(主谓宾)基本句型四:+(主谓间宾直宾)基本句型五:+(主谓宾宾补句型1:Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,动词后不可以直接接宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。常见的动词如:work
9、,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive,come,die,disappear,cry,happen等。如:1. Thesunwasshining.太阳在照耀着。2. Themoonrose.月亮升起了。3. Theuniverseremains.宇宙长存。4.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5.Whocares?管它呢?6.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.他所讲的没有什么关系。7.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.他们谈了半个小时。8.Thepenwritessmoothly.这支笔书写流利。 句型2:S
10、ubject(主语)Link.V(系动词)Predicate(表语)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词,这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态。这样的词有:be,look,seem,smell,taste,sound,keep等。如:1)Thiskindoffoodtastesdelicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。2)Helookedworriedjustnow.刚才他看上去有些焦急。3)Severalplayerslayf
11、latontheplayground.几个队员平躺在操场上。4)Weshouldremainmodestandprudentanytime.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎。5)Thiskindoffoodtastesterrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕。6)Thepicturelooksmorebeautifulatacertaindistance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。(2)表示变化。这类系动词有:become,turn,get,grow,go等。如:1)Springcomes.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。2)Thetre
12、ehasgrownmuchtallerthanbefore.这棵树比以前长得高多了。3)Springcomes.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。4)Donthavethefood.Ithasgonebad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了。5)Thefactsprovetrue.事实证明是正确的。 句型3:Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)Object(宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词,所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产
13、生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。例:1)Hetookhisbagandleft.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。2)LiLeialwayshelpsmewhenIhavedifficulties.(代词)当我遇到困难时,李雷总能给我帮助。3)SheplanstotravelinthecomingMayDay.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。4)IdontknowwhatIshoulddonext.(从句)我不知道下一步该干什么5)Youcanputthebooksinyourbag.你可以把书放在书包里。6)Farmersinourar
14、eagrowlotsofvegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。7)Shelostthechancetomakeherappearanceonthestage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。8)Iprefertomakewebpages.我更喜欢做网页。 句型4:Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)Indirectobject(间接宾语)Directobject(直接宾语)此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常
15、由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy,pass,lend,give,tell,teach,show,bring,send等。如:1)Herfatherboughtheradictionaryasabirthdaypresent.Herfatherboughtadictionaryforherasabirthdaypresent.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。2)TheoldmanalwaystellsthechildrenstoriesabouttheheroesintheL
16、ongMarch.TheoldmanalwaystellsstoriesabouttheheroestothechildrenintheLongMarch.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。3)Yesterdayherfatherboughtherabicycleasabirthdaypresent.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。4)TheoldmanistellingthechildrenstoriesintheLongMarch.老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事。句型5:Subject(主语)Verb(动词)Object(宾语)Complement(补语)此句型的句子的
17、共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。这种句型中的“宾语补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。常见的动词有:tell,ask,advise,help,want,wouldlike,order,force,allow等。如:1)Youshouldkeeptheroomcleanandtidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。(形容词)2)Wemadehimourmonitor.(名词)
18、我们选他当班长。3)Hisfathertoldhimnottoplayinthestreet.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。4)Myfatherlikestowatchtheboysplayingbasketball.(现在分词)5)YesterdayIhadapicturetakenwithtwoAmericans.(过去分词)6)Keepthechildrenquiet,please.请让孩子们安静下来。7)Hepaintedthewallwhite.他把墙漆成白色。8)Wefoundhimanhonestperson.我们发现他是一个诚实的人。9)Hismothertoldhimn
19、ottoplayonthestreet.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩。注意:动词have,make,let,see,hear,notice,feel,watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。Step 3 Practice.一,判断下列句子属于何种句式1. You are sitting on the train home.2. There comes the bus !3. The egos potential for expansion is limitless.4. Breckenridge hosts the international Snow Sculpture Championships.5. Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday.6. We think it our duty to study well.二,更正下列句子的错误。1. He came the room. 2. The music sounds. 3. I have seen. 4. He gave a pen me. 5. The boss made the boy to work hard. 6. My father bought a book to me. Step 4 Homework.Write ten sentences.