1、上一页,现在完成时,下一页,主菜单,表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或者结果。They have left.-他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.-我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿,现在完成时的含义,也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。He has learned English since 2001.-从2001年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢,现在完成时的构成,have done has,助动词,过去分词,现在完成时的基本句型：,肯定句：主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.否定句:主语+助动词have/has+not+
2、动词的过去分词.一般疑问句：助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?例句：她们已经工作了。肯定句：They have worked.否定句：They have not worked.一般疑问句：Have they worked?肯定回答：Yes,they have.否定回答：No,they havent.,现在完成时的运用：1现在完成时常和副词already,yet,never,ever,before,just等连用。.,a）already（用在助动词have/has和动词过去分词之间）往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强 调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。,He has alre
3、ady left here.他已经离开这里了。Has he already left here?他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）My teachers havent had breakfast yet.我的老师们还没有吃早饭。Have you written to your parents yet?你已经给你父母写过信了吗？,2.yet在现在完成时中的用法,否定句:句末“还(没)”,疑问句:句末“己经”,eg:I havent had breakfast yet.eg:Have you had breakfast yet?,b）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有（用在助动词hav
4、e/has和动词过去分词之间）”，而ever 表示“曾经”,We have never been to the Great Wall.我们从来没有去过长城。Have you ever been to Canada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗？,c）just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与already，never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词have/has和动词过去分词之间）,He has just come back.他刚刚回来。They have just finished the work.他们刚刚完成那项工作。,动 词 填 空：1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,w
5、e _(do)that already.When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it an hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?He _ it last week.3.How many times _you_(be)there?,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,4.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.5.She _(go)to Pai
6、rs,hasnt she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.6.So far,many countries _(develop)their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking since last year.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,has given,下一页,上一页,主菜单,上一页,下一页,I have learnt Engl
7、ish for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游),现在完成时的主要用法,主菜单,2.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。,1.for+,Eg.I have been here for 5 weeks.Hes studied English for 3 years.,一段时间,2.since+,从句(一般过去时),
8、单词,词组,(表示过去某一时间的)时间点,Eg.I have been here since 2000.I have been here since 5 years ago.I have been here since I graduated in 2000.,since:(自以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）for+时间段He has kept th
9、e book for 2 weeks.,since,for 的用法:,Take notes,注1):对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long,决不能用when.,Eg.I have lived here for 10 years.,How long have you lived here?,She has stood here since 2 hour ago.,How long has she stood here?,选用 for和 since填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has be
10、en in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met last time.,for,since,for,since,for,since,下一页,上一页,主菜单,3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.,上一页,下一页,I have ever been to the Sum
11、mer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园),I have never had a car.(我从未有过汽车。),现在完成时的主要用法,主菜单,He has gone to Shanghai.他(已经)去上海了。,He has been to Shanghai.他(曾经)去过上海。,比较 have/has been to 曾经到过某处 have/has gone to 已经去了某地,have been 与have gone 的用法比较,have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中
12、或已在那儿了。have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”,上一页,下一页,主菜单,1.Has she ever been to Nanjing?她曾去过南京吗？2.I have been in Dali for three years.你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？3.I have been to Guiling,I went there last year.我去过桂林，我去年去的。4.She has gone to Nanjing.她已经去南京了。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,用have been to,have gone to,have been in 填空,Mike and his
13、parents _ Beijing for half a year.Mum is not at home now.she _ the shop._ you ever _ to kunming?Never.Where _ you _ these days?Has Jim arrived yet?Yes,he _ here for several days.Where is Peter?I dont know where he _.Hi Jim!Where _ you _?,have been in,has gone to,have been,Have been,has been,has gone
14、,have been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换,leave-come/go(to)-arrive(at/in)-get(to)-reach-buy-borrow-finish-,join-start/begin-die-close-open-return-marry-become-,be away(from),be(in/at),be(in/at),be(in/at),be(in/at),have,keep,be over,be in/be a/an,be on,be dead,be closed,be open,be back,be married,be,翻 译
15、练 习：1.我买了这块手表五年了。2.这位老人已经死了十年了。,I have bought this watch for five year I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.,The old man has died for ten years.The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,3.他已经回来三天了。4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。5.我离开家乡已十年了。,He has come back for 3 d
16、ays.He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago.,He has come here since 6 oclock.He has been here since 6 oclock.,I have left hometown for 10 years.I have been away from hometown for 10 years.,W,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,现在完成时与一般过去时的比较,1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。,I saw
17、 this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）,一般过去时:yesterday,last week，ago,in1990,in October,just now,现在完成时:for,since,already,yet,ever,never,just,so far,in the past few years,标志词,（1）规则动词+ed,（2）不规则动词见 课本137-138页,have/has+动词的过去分词,规则动词+ed,（2）不规则动词见 课本137-138页,（3）短暂性动词转 换为延续性动词,动词的过去式,动词的形式变化,
