1、东莞市中考英语作文讲义书面表达常见错误分析中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(一) 审题错误要点领悟 与汉语作文一样,英语书面表达的审题也十分重要。审题包括此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息,告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。由于英语书面表达的篇幅很有限,所以要求作者在写作时要精心组织材料,紧扣主题。 信息提示 太白山是陕西著名的森林游览胜地。一年四季都有其独特的景色(scene)。不过,游览太白山的最佳时机是春天。每当春天来临,青山滴翠,美丽的景色吸引了许多游客前来踏青观光。可几年前,游人不注意保护环境,乱扔垃圾,攀折树枝花草,猎杀野鸟,点火野餐,致使环境一度恶化。请你写篇报道,说明太白山旅游环境的变化。
2、 习作实况 Taibai Mountain is a famous place of interest in Shaanxi Province. It has its special scenes all the year round, and spring is the best time to visit it. When spring comes, the days get longer and longer and the weather get warmer and warmer. Trees are beginning to turn green, and flowers come
3、 out. Everything begins to grow (1). The mountains are covered with a lot of green tall trees and all kinds of colorful wild flowers. It is so beautiful that a lot of visitors come here and enjoy its beauty every day. But a few years ago, some of the visitors paid no attention to protecting the envi
4、ronment. They used to throw lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, fruit skins and waste paper on the ground. They dont know that cleaners work from morning till night to sweep away the rubbish and waste things (2). Sometimes they broke some branches, picked flowers and even killed birds. Some even m
5、ade fires in the forest to cook food. How dangerous it was! Luckily enough, the local government has begun to do something to stop polluting the area. Great changes have taken place here. New roads and nice hotels have been built; trees and flowers are planted around them. Visitors are asked to take
6、 plastic bags and put their rubbish in them (3). 精讲点拨 (1)这一部分应当删掉。文章应围绕太白山景区的景色和环境保护主题展开,与太白山有关的春景可以略写,但不宜用太多的笔墨去描绘春天,这不仅加长了篇幅,也冲淡了主题。(2)这一部分也应当删掉。因为,这里批评了游客乱扔垃圾的不良现象,由于篇幅的限制,没有必要再去谈论清洁工是如何清理这些垃圾的。 (3)这一部分同样需要删掉。根据上文不难看出,本文主要谈论太白山旅游区的环境污染问题,以及政府采取措施后环境的变化。没有必要去描述基础设施的变化。总而言之,英文作文中,应特别注意避免想起什么写什么,随意发
7、挥,淡化主题。精彩例文 Taibai Mountain is a famous place of interest in Shaanxi Province. It has its special scenes all the year round, and spring is the best time to visit it. When spring comes, the mountains are covered with a great many green tall trees and all kinds of colorful wild flowers. It is so beaut
8、iful that a lot of visitors come here and enjoy its beauty every day. But a few years ago, some of the visitors paid no attention to protecting the environment. They used to throw lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, fruit skins and waste paper on the ground. Sometimes they broke some branches, pic
9、ked flowers and even killed birds. Some even made fires in the forest to cook food. How dangerous it was! Luckily enough, the local government has begun to do something to stop polluting the area. Great changes have taken place here.中考英语书面表达常见错误分析（二）文不达意【要点领悟】在英语书面表达的提示信息中,常有这样的语句“可适当增加细节”或“可适当发挥”,但
10、所增加的内容应该与文章相关。如果所“发挥”的内容与文章无关,就是“画蛇添足”了。【信息提示】 根据下面的4幅图画用英语写一篇短文,要求故事包括所有图画的主要内容,可以适当增加细节,使意思连贯。词数在100以上。 【习作实况】One day, an old woman was crossing the street with a basket in her hand. She went to do some shopping. Just then a car came up and she was knocked down onto the ground. She was badly injur
11、ed and couldnt move. But to everyones anger, the car ran away as quickly as it could. The old woman had to lie on the ground and cried (1). Luckily, a man, who was sweeping the street nearby, saw this. He ran quickly up to her and helped her stand up. He was angry with the driver (2). Then he took h
12、er to the nearest hospital. There a doctor examined her carefully and gave her some medical care. After that, the dustman took her home. When the old womans daughter knew what had happened to her mother, she was moved deeply and thanked him very much. After a while the dustman left and went to do hi
13、s work. The daughter thanked him again (3).【精讲点拨】(1)此句与图中提示不相符,应删去。(2)此处加写这句属多余,也与图画内容不符。(3)文章写到“.very much.”处已经很完整了,加上这一句使行文显得重复、累赘。【精品范文】One day, an old woman was crossing the street with a basket in her hand. She went to do some shopping. Just then a car came up and she was knocked down onto the
14、ground. She was badly injured and couldnt move a little. Luckily, a man, who was sweeping the street nearby, saw this. He ran quickly up to her and helped her stand up. Then he took her to the nearest hospital. There a doctor examined her carefully and gave her some medical care. After that, the dus
15、tman took her home. When the old womans daughter knew what had happened to her mother, she was moved deeply and thanked him very much.中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(三) 名词单复数【要点领悟】 同学们在写作时,往往把重点放在文章的构思和句子结构上,有时忽略了名词的单复数。在中考作文中,如果名词的数使用混乱,也会导致较多的失分。【信息提示】假如你是吴强,去年春天和几位同学到东浦岛野餐,以“The happiest day”为题写一篇80-100词的作文。要求条理清
16、晰、意思连贯、语句通顺、标点规范。【习作实况】The happiest day Last spring my classmate (1) and I went to Dongpu Island to have a picnic. It was March 2. The weather was fine and there was hardly a cloud in the sky. We started early that morning. We all carried something nice to eat and drink.We sang happily on our ways (
17、2) there. After about one and a half hour (3), we got to the island. The water in the lake was nice and clean and we could see flowers and grasses (4) all around us. How beautiful it was! After about twenty minutes (5) rest, we divided ourselves into four groups and cooked our lunch. Most of us did
18、the cooking for the first time. After a while, everything was ready. We put all the food on a big piece of paper. There was meat, fish, fruit and vegetable (6). How delicious they were! We enjoyed our lunch and there was a big smile on everyones faces (7). 【精讲点拨】(1)classmate在本句中看不出错误来,如果结合第二段的. four
19、 groups就可发现classmate要用复数形式。(2)在on ones way 结构中,way 没有复数形式。(3)这儿不是半个小时,而是一个半小时,所以hour要用复数。(4)此处指普通的草,多用单数。(5)此处应将minutes改为minutes,即twenty minutes rest。(6)此处应用vegetable的复数形式vegetables。(7)这儿指的是每个人的脸上,应将faces改为face。【精品范文】The happiest day Last spring my classmates and I went to Dongpu Island to have a pi
20、cnic. It was March 2. The weather was fine and there was hardly a cloud in the sky. We started early that morning. We all carried something nice to eat and drink. We sang happily on the way there. After about one and a half hours, we got to the island. The water in the lake was nice and clean and we
21、 could see flowers and grass all around us. How beautiful it was! After about twenty minutes rest, we divided ourselves into four groups and cooked our lunch. Most of us did the cooking for the first time. After a while, everything was ready. We put all the food on a big piece of paper. There was me
22、at, fish, fruit and vegetables. How delicious they were! We enjoyed our lunch and there was a big smile on everyones face. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(四) 文体格式错误 要点领悟 英文日记的写作在全国各地中考书面表达题中占有较大的比例。它属于应用文的一种,这类书面表达题可以是提示性作文,也可以是看图(表)作文,无论是哪种形式,都要求按日记的格式进行写作。写作前都要仔细审题,抓住要点,理清叙述的顺序。信息提示 2008年3月12日是星期一,也是植树节。那天天气晴朗,上午8
23、点半,老师和同学们在校门口集合,步行去西山植树。植树前,老师告诉同学们树木可以净化空气、防风固土、美化环境,并要求每人栽五棵小树。同学们干得都很卖力。班长林涛不顾生病,完成自己的任务后,又帮助其他人,他是我们学习的好榜样。请根据提示内容,写一篇日记。 习作实况 2008.3.12 Monday (1) Sunny (2) Dear friends (3),It is March 12th today. At half past eight, all the teachers and students in our school gathered in front of the school g
24、ate. Then we went on foot to the Western Hill to plant trees. Before we started working, the teacher gave us a talk on the importance of planting trees. He said that trees can help to keep the air clean, protect us from strong wind and sand and make our city more beautiful. Then he showed us how to
25、plant trees and asked each of us to plant at least five trees. After that we started working. Some strong boys dug holes, some carried water and some girls put trees in the holes. We all worked hard. Among us, Lin Tao, our monitor set a good example to us. Though he was ill, he worked harder. When h
26、e finished his task, he went on to help others. He was wet all over after work. Looking at the lines of the young trees, we smiled happily. Truly yours, (4) Mary Baker (5)精讲点拨 (1)将日记的日期2008.3.12 Monday 改为 Monday, March 12th, 2008或March 12th, 2008, Monday。写英文日记时应注意以下两点:英文日记的格式与中文日记的格式相差不大。日期和星期应写在第一行
27、的左上角顶格位置,日期和星期的写法应注意:年、月、日俱全时,可按月、日、年或日、月、年的次序写。如:March 12th, 2008或12th March, 2008; 只有月、日时,其顺序为月、日,月份可用缩略式。如:September 20th或Sept. 20th;如果要写明星期几,可将其放在日期的前面或后面。如:Friday, Oct. 20, 2008或Oct. 20, 2008, Friday。(2)写日记时,天气状况应写在日期的右边且靠右顶格,而不是写在日期的下面。天气状况一般用形容词表示。如:Fine (晴),Sunny(晴), Rainy(雨), Snowy (雪), Win
28、dy(多风), Cloudy(多云)等。(3)本文要求写一篇日记,而不是书信。Dear friends是用在写信时的称呼语,在写日记时应去掉。 (4)和(5)都是书信的落款格式,不能用在日记的写作中,要去掉。在写作文时,同学们一定要熟练掌握书信和日记的写作格式,不能混淆。 精彩例文Monday,March12th, 2007 Sunny It is March 12th today. At half past eight, all the teachers and students in our school gathered in front of the school gate. Then
29、 we went on foot to the Western Hill to plant trees. Before we started working, the teacher gave us a talk on the importance of planting trees. He said that trees can help to keep the air clean, protect us from strong wind and sand and make our city more beautiful. Then he showed us how to plant trees and asked each of us to plant at least five trees. After that we started working. Some strong boys dug holes, some carried
