1、人教版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Unit 3 单元知识点归纳资料Unit 1 Whats the matter?知识点总结. 基本知识点1. Whats the matter (with you)?怎么了？出什么事了？Whatsthe trouble/ the problem / wrongwithsb./ sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the fluhave a feverhave a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼have a toothache牙疼have a heada
2、che头疼3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4. much too+，意为，too much+，意为。5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=money money6. lie down躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay，过去分词lie说谎，过去式lied，过去分词lay ，过去式 ，过去分词 7. maybe“或许”，常用于句首
3、，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.8. sound like+名词、代词和从句：It sounds like you dont know the truth.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.9. need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.ne
4、ed doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes needwashing.10. get off (the bus)下（公交车）get on上车11. agree同意，赞同；同意做某事，同意某人的看法、观点。12. trouble问题，麻烦；be in trouble，make trouble，have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth. 13. right away=right now=at once，意为。14.
5、【复习】advice不可数名词劝告，建议，向征求意见，give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；advise 动词 advise sb.to do sth. advise doing.15.【复习】exercise动词意为，可数时意为，不可数时意为。16. hurt及物动词，使疼痛，受伤，Hehurt his legwhile exercising.不及物动词，（部位）疼。His leg hurt badly.17. clean【动词】，clean the classroom，【形容词】，cleaner意为。18. hit（用手或器具）打；击打The boy hit th
6、e dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。19.beused to sth./doing sth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used togettingup early in the morning.get/ becomeused to sth./ doing sth.“变
7、得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：Its difficult for one to get used to another countrys habit.20.【复习】free 形容词空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird.be free to dofree【动词】使解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm.free from21. run out用完，用尽When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do s
8、omething to save his own life.物sth. tun out.某物用尽了。人sb. run out of物sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22. risk sth to do sth.冒着.的风险去做某事take a risk=take risks冒险risk doing .=take the risk of doing .23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性We students should know the importance of (lear
9、ning) English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.24. decision【名词】决定；抉择；make a decision to do sth.decide25. be in the control of 掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理be under control被控制住，在控制之中26.【复习】mind意为介意， Would you mind my opening the w
10、indow?27. give up (doing) sth.放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如Never give up easily. 重点短语1. have a fever发烧 2. have a cough咳嗽 3. have a toothache牙疼4. talk too much说得太多 5. drink enough water喝足够的水6. have a cold受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache胃疼8. have a sore back背疼 9. h
11、ave a sore throat喉咙痛10. lie down and rest躺下来休息 11. hot tea w ith honey加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist看牙医 13. get an X-ray拍X光片14. take one s temperature量体温 15. put some medicine on sth.在上面敷药16. feel very hot感到很热 17. sound like听起来像 18. all weekend整个周末19. in the same way以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor看医生 21. go alon
12、g沿着走22. on the side of the road在马路边 23. shout for help大声呼救24. without thinking twice没有多想 25. get off下车 26. have a heart problem有心脏病27. to one s surprise使. 惊讶的 28. thanks to多亏了；由于 29. in time及时30. save a/ones life挽救生命 lose ones life 31. get into trouble造成麻烦32. right away立刻；马上 33. because of由于 34. get
13、 out of离开;从出萍35. hurt oneself受伤 36. put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎37. fa ll down摔倒 38. feel sick感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed流鼻血40. cut his knee割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back把她的头向后仰42. have problems breathing呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing登山运动44. be used to doing sth.习惯做某事 45. run out (of)用完;用尽46. so that以便 47. so
14、. . . that如此 以至于48. be in control of掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth.继续或坚持做某事 51. make a decision做出决定52. take risks冒险 53. give up放弃. 重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】
15、1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：She isnt quite herself today.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.I met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短语当中。如：look after oneself / ta
16、ke care of oneself照顾自己teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快help oneself to sth请自用（随便吃/喝些）. hurt oneself摔伤自己say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下buy oneself sth.给自己买东西 introduce oneself介绍自己【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myself can finish my home
17、work.(正)I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用ones own.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）Im drawing with myself crayons.(正)Im drawing with my own crayons.Unit2 单元总结.词形 give-gave-given come-came-come put-put-put make-made-made set-set
18、-set break-broke-broken take-took-taken understand-understood-understoodstrong-strongly feel-feeling own-owner able-disabled-unabledifficult-difficulty different-difference kind-kindness train-training-trainer .词组1. clean up 清扫，打扫 2. cheer up（使）振作起来，高兴起来 3. put up张贴4. call sb. up (= make a telephone
19、 call to sb.)给某人打电话5. give out = hand out分发，发放6. give away捐赠；赠送 7. give up 放弃 8. tell sb. about/of sth告诉某人关于某事9. in an after-school study program在课外辅导活动中10. make a plan = plan 制定计划11. from now (on)从现在起 12. make some notices发通知，发布通告13. come up with 提出，想出 14. in an old peoples home 在敬老院15. help out wi
20、th 帮忙解决某事16. read the newspaper to the old people给老年人读报17. tell me the stories about the past给我讲关于过去的故事18. used to do sth.过去常常做某事；曾经19. care for = take care of = look after 照顾，关爱20. one day（过去或将来的）某一天 21. some day（将来）总有一天22. get his future dream job得到他理想中的工作 23. hard work艰苦的工作24. work hard努力工作 25. s
21、uch a strong feeling of satisfaction如此强烈的满足感26. get better康复 27. the look of joy on their owners faces主人脸上快乐的表情28. at the age of 在岁时 29. try out for 参加选拔 30. a dream come true梦想成真31. at the same time 同时 32. put off推迟，延期 33. be busy with sth.忙于某事34. be busy doing sth.忙于做某事35. worry about = be worried
22、 about担心36. make money = earn money赚钱 37. raise money for为捐钱38. in the free time在闲暇之余 39. run out of 用完40. take after = be similar to = look/be like 像 41. fix up修理，修缮42. not any more = no more不再 43. write to sb. 给某人写信44. feel/be lonely感到孤独 45. a lonely village 一个偏僻的小乡村46. travel alone (= by oneself
23、= on ones own) 独自旅行 47. set up建立，创立48. make it adj. for sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 49. disabled people残疾人 50. make a big difference to 对有很大影响 51. make no difference to 对没有影响52. answer the telephone 接电话53. a friend of mine = one of my friends我的一个朋友（双重所有格）54. be excited about对感到兴奋 55. at once = right away=
24、 立刻，马上56. send sb. sth = send sth. to sb. 寄（送）给某人某物 57. best wishes 衷心的祝福58. be strong in = do well in = be good at擅长做某事 59. work out fine产生好的结果；成功60. in need 有需要地 61. decide to do 决定做某事 62. volunteer to do 义务做某事重要语言点1. not only but (also) 不但而且用来连接两个并列的成分(1)引导以not only but (also)开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此Not
25、only do I feel good but (also).是倒装句。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。Not onlybut (also)接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是就近原则如：Not only Lily but (also) you like cat.不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat.不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有：Neither no
26、r即不也不 (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him.Either or不是就是 (两者中的一个)Either Lily or you are a student.Not only but (also)There/Here be. or.2. join参加(指参加团体、组织)如：join the Party入党take part in参加(指参加活动)如：take part in sports meeting参加运动会3. run out与run out ofrun out (become used up).其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本身就含有被动意义。
27、His money soon ran out.他的钱很快就花光了。My patience has completely run out.我没有一点耐心了。Our time is running out.我们剩下的时间不多了。run out of主语为人，表示主动含义。He is always running out of money before pay day.他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。两者在一定条件下可以互换如：The petrol is running out.汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol.我们快把汽油用完了。Our time
28、is running out.我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time. 语法.动词不定式： To do sth is . /It be adj.for/of sb. to do sth. (真正的主语) v.+ to do (作宾语)/make/think/find it adj. to do （真正的宾语）v.+ sb.+ to do(作宾补) to do （作状语，表目的、结果、原因等） 作定语，放在所修饰的词的后面 what/how to do.(复合不定式).动词短语：1 v.+ adv.(后跟名词、代词、动名词。代词宾格放中间)2 v.+ prep.3 v.+ adv. + prep. 4 v.+ n. + prep. 提供帮助的交际用语1. What are you going to
