1、中考英语总复习阅读理解专项详解 中考真题透视中考英语总复习阅读理解专项详解-中考真题透视 1研究近几年全国各省市中考英语试题，我们发现“阅读理解”题呈现出这样几个特点：题材新颖，原汁原味，趣味性强；贴近生活实际，极具可读性；反映社会热点，富于时代气息；题目设计巧妙，匠心独运；考查能力综合化；选材广泛，信息量大。所涉及内容包罗万象，不仅涉及生活百科，自然科学，而且也触及天文地理，异域风情等。兵法有云：知彼知己，百战不殆。下面就从2003年全国重点省市中考英语试题中精选出具有代表性、权威性的试题，并辅之以解题思路点拨。相信将对同学们决胜中考大有裨益。(1)“选择填空”式Passage 1In th
2、e summer of 1978 an English man named Steven was driving his tractor through a field of wheat when he discovered something strange. Some of his wheat was lying on the ground. The flattened wheat formed(形成)a circle about six meters across . Around this circle were four smaller circles of flattened wh
3、eat.Three years later a farmer who lived nearby discovered almost the same circles in one of his fields. These circles were largernearly 15 meters across . That same year , another English farmer discovered three circles of flattened wheat on his landone large circle between two small circles. Durin
4、g the following years, farmers in England found circles in their fields more and more often.The circles are called “crop circles” because they usually appear in fields of wheat or corn. The wheat in the circles lies on the ground but is never broken; it keeps on growing, and the farmers can later ha
5、rvest it. Farmers always discover the crop circles in the morning, so the circles probably form at night. They appear only in the months from May to September. What causes the crop circles?At first, people thought that some kids were making them as a joke, or that farmers were making them to attract
6、 tourists.(In fact, in 1991, two men said they made the circles themselves, but many scientists dont believe them.) People tried to copy them: They tried to make circles exactly like the ones the farmers had found. They couldnt do it. They couldnt enter a field of wheat without leaving tracks, and t
7、hey couldnt flatten the wheat without breaking it.Several times people reported seeing stranger objects near the fields where crop circles later appeared. Many people believe that these crop circles are the messages sent by living things from outer space(外层空间)or the marks left by their spaceships.Sc
8、ientists who have studied the crop circles try to find out what causes them. In the summer of 1990 some scientists spent three weeks in the part of England where many circles have appeared. They had all the latest high-tech equipment(最新高科技设备). The equipmentworth 1.8 million dollarsgot nothing. But o
9、ne night, as the scientists were watching a field, crop circles formed in the field behind them, which were quite different from the others. The scientists had neither seen nor heard anything.When Steven discovered the crop circles on his land in 1978, he said, “It was just like something that had l
10、anded in the field from the air and gone back up again. I dont know what to make of these things.”Crop circles have appeared in England, Japan, the United States and Russia. Experts from all over the world have studied them, and they say what Steven said: They dont know what to make of these things.
11、1. Which picture is probably the one formed in the field behind the scientists? 2. “Flattened wheat” means _.A. broken wheat B. lying wheatC. harvested wheat D. growing wheat3. The passage is mainly about something _ .A. that is done by living things from outer spaceB. that cannot be solved but foun
12、d all around the worldC. that cannot be made clear or understoodD. that is discovered and copied by the farmers(选自2003年北京西城区试题)【解题思路点拨】这篇阅读材料属于难度较大的拉档题，介绍了“庄稼圆圈”这个尚未揭开的世界之谜。1978年，一位名叫Steven的英国农民在麦田里发现倒伏的小麦形成的一个直径6米的大圆圈，而且在它的周围还环绕着四个小圆。后来，其它农民陆续发现类似情况，只不过圆的大小和分布不同而已。据目击者称，“庄稼圆圈”通常在6月至9月份出现，且在早上被发现。更让
13、人感到惊讶的是，倒伏的小麦并未折断，还在继续生长。有人猜测这是外星人所为，或许是他们的飞船留下的痕迹。后来，在日本、美国和俄罗斯等国家也发现了“庄稼圆圈”。科学家们使用最新的设备进行了跟踪调查和研究，结果一无所获。1. A。解答此题，必须依次弄清田地里留下的圆圈的形状。1978年发现的是中间有一个直径约为6米的大圆，周围分布着4个小些的圆。即如图B中的样子。三年后另一农民发现的几个直径约为15米的大圆，他们几乎差不多大，即如图D所示的那样。就在同一年，又有一个农民发现三个圆，一个大些，另两个小，大圆在小圆的中间，如图C所示。而科学家身后的圆圈与别的都不同，由此可以找到答案A。2. B。只有真正
14、理解短文所述的内容之后，才能判断出短语“Flattened wheat”的确切意思。实际上，文中第三自然段中“The wheat in the circles lies on the ground but is never broken; it keeps on growing, and the farmers can later harvest it.”一句已对此短语的意思有所暗示。由这几句话，可知小麦既不是折断了的，也不是在生长的，更不是已收获的小麦。3. C。短文中提到很多人相信这是外星人所为 (Many people believe that these crop circles ar
15、e the messages sent by living things from outer space or the marks left by their spaceships.)，但是他们并没有证据。因此A项不对。虽然很多地方都发现过“庄稼圆圈”，但并不是在全世界都有，短文中列举了三个国家。故B项不对。短文中提到有的农民声称是他们干的，但也予以了否定。由此，C项是最佳答案。通盘考虑全篇的意思，人们不懂得为什么麦田里会出现这种现象，科学家们也没有弄清原因。短文的最后一段说的也是这个意思。Passage 2Winter is dangerous because its so difficu
16、lt to know what is going to happen and accidents take place so easily. Fog can be waiting to meet you over the top of a hill. Ice might be hiding under the melting (融化) snow, waiting ahead (前面) to send you off the road. The car coming to you may suddenly slip across the road.Rule Number One for driv
17、ing on icy roads is to drive smoothly (平稳地). Sudden movements can make a car very difficult to control. So every time you either start or stop your car, increase or reduce your speed, you must be as gentle and slow as possible. Suppose you are driving with a full cup of hot coffee on the seat next t
18、o you. Drive so that you wouldnt spill (溅) it.Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen. The more ice there is, the further down the road you have to look. Test how long it takes to gently stop your car. Remember that you may be driving more quickly than you think. Generally, allow tw
19、ice of your usual stopping distance when the road is wet, three times this distance on snow, and even more on ice. Try to stay in control of your car at all time and you will not get into trouble. (选自2003年上海市试题)1.The writer tries to _ in this passage.A. show his dislikes about bad winter weatherB.gi
20、ve information about winter weatherC.ask people not to drive in winterD.advise people about safe driving in winter2.People can _ after reading this passage.A. find out about the weatherB.get some information on driving lessonsC.learn about better drivingD.decide which is the best season for travelin
21、g3.According to the passage, the writer thinks that _.A. people should not drive in the snowB. drivers should think more about problems in winter drivingC. people drive too fast in winterD. winter drivers should stop their cars less4.In the passage he writer talks about a cup of coffee _.A. to show
22、how important smooth movements areB. to ask the drivers to bring some soft drinks with themC. to tell the drivers to be more relaxedD. to show how it an be spilled5.Which of the following is NOT true?A. Traffic accidents take place easily in winter.B. Fog and melting snow often cause car accidents.C
23、. The stopping distance on ice is as long as the usual one.D. In winter you should drive your car with great care.6.Which traffic sign shows the main idea of the passage? 【解题思路点拨】这篇说明文的大体意思是：由于受山顶上弥漫的大雾或者融雪下面的冰等等因素的影响，冬季是易发生事故的危险季节。为了行驶安全，要遵循两个原则：一是平稳驾驶。加速或煞车时，动作要尽可能地轻缓一些。二是提防可能会发生的任何事情。路面上的雪越多，就应该把
24、视线放得更远些。当路面出现潮湿，有雪、冰等情况时，将车停下来所需要的时间是不同的。随时准备控制车辆的运行，驾驶员就不会遇到麻烦。1.D.根据文中的“Rule Number One for driving on icy roads is”和“Rule Number Two is to pay attention to”这两句句不难看出，短文的主要内容是就如何在冬季安全驾驶这一问题，向司机们提出的两点建议。故答案为D。2.C.考虑到安全问题，作者提出了在各种恶劣天气条件下开车的注意事项。读完本文后，人们自然可以更好地驾驶自己的汽车了。所以答案是C。3.B.由短文所讲述的内容可知，作者教给人们如何在
25、冰雪上谨慎驾驶及如何平稳地煞车。由此，可以将A、C、D三项予以排除。本题的答案亦可直接从“Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen.”一句中判断出来。4.A.作者在短文中说到平稳驾驶时，让人们启动、停车或加速、减速时，动作要轻缓。并举了一个例子，即在座位上放一杯热咖啡，以溅不出来咖啡为宜。用这个例子借以告诉人们平稳驾驶的重要性。5.C.A、B两项的意思在短文的首段可以找到。由短文大意可知，冬季是交通事故容易发生的季节，因此冬季开车应格外小心，故D项也是正确的。实际上，由“Generally, allow twice of
26、your usual stopping distance when the road is wet, three times this distance on snow, and even more on ice.”可以排除C项。另外，通过常识，也可以判断C项(煞车后，车在冰上向前滑行的距离与在平常路面上是一样的)是明显错误的。6.B.短文主要是讲如何在冰雪天气里安全驾驶的。由此可将C项(前方有交通事故，减速慢行)和D项(前方修路，谨慎驾驶)筛选掉。而文中也没有提及A项(前方有雾，减速慢行)所表达的意思。故答案非B莫属。Passage 3Four men who would become fa
27、thers were in a hospital waiting room while their wives were in labor (分娩). The nurse arrived and proudly said to the first man, “Congratulations, sir. Youre the father of twins!”“What a coincidence (巧合)! I work for the Minnesota Twins Baseball teams!”Later the nurse returned and congratulated the s
28、econd father on the birth of his triplets (三胞胎).“Wow! Thats unbelievable! I work for the 3M Company.”An hour later, the nurse returned to congratulate the third man on the birth of his quadruplets (四胞胎). Surprised, he only could answer, “I dont believe it! I work for the Four Seasons Hotel!”After th
29、is, everyone turned to the fourth man who had just fainted (晕). The nurse ran fast to his side. As he slowly came to himself, they could hear him speak in a very low voice over and over, “I should never have taken that job at 7-Eleven. I should never have taken that job at 7-Eleven. I should never h
30、ave taken that job at 7-Eleven.”1.Why were the fathers there?A. They were waiting for their wives.B. They were seeing doctors.C. They were waiting for their babies to be born.D. They were working at men nurses there.2.Which of the following is true about the third man?A. He thought the nurse made a
31、mistake.B. He was very surprised at the nurses words.C. He didnt want to have these babies.D. He should never have worked at 7-Eleven.3.Why did the fourth man faint when he heard what the nurse told the third man?A. Hew was afraid of having so many babies.B. He was seriously ill.C. He was too excited. D. He was very glad to have 7 babies.4.At least how many babies would be born according to the story?A. 9. B. 10. C. 11. D. 14.(选自2003年湖北省黄石市试题)【解题思路点拨】这个趣味短篇讲述了这样一件事：四个男子在产房外等待各自的妻子生孩子。结果，在the Minnesota Twins棒球队效力的男人的妻子生下了一对双胞胎。在the 3M Company上班的男人的妻子生下了三胞胎。而在四季旅馆工作的男人的妻子生下了四胞胎。听到护士的介绍之后，那个在
