1、would rather和prefer to的用法总结剖析would rather的用法(美国英语中多用had rather )一、概述。1.含义。“宁愿/可,更/最好,还是为好”。2.用法。常+V原,常省略为d rather,表优先选择的一种方式 。无人称,数,词性,时态变化,所有的人称情况均用would rather.3.否定形式。would rather not do sth。例: Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music4.would /had在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词。If youd rather be alone, wel
2、l all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。 二、扩展。1.在两者中取舍,表“宁愿而不愿/与其宁可”时，则可用would ratherthan或wouldrather than句型. I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 2.也可以颠倒为：rather thanwould 例：Rather th
3、an work in such bad condition, he would give up3.Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选同一动词,那么than 后的动词可以省略。 例: I would rather have noodles than rice.4.要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个n、两个不定式、两个介短等。 例: I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. I would rather talk with his mother than with his fa
4、ther. 5.在疑问句式中，短语中的would要放在主语之前。 例: Would you rather stay here or go home? Which would you rather have, apples or bananas?三、would rather+从句，常用的虚拟语气句型,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。 其意为“宁愿,还是 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。 引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。 例: John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow tha
5、n today. 句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来.注意:如果谈到过去的动作，也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。 此时，主句一般为I had rather ,其（that）从句则用过去完成时。 Would rather you had not done that. 如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。 例: I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 四、would rather/sooner和prefer/would pr
6、efer的区别。 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别，但经常接触到的是would rather。 例:Tom would rather/sooner read than talk./ Tom prefers reading to talking注意:would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式，而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。 有时prefer后面也可跟名词，而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。 例: He prefers wine to beer= He would rather drink wine tha
7、n beer 某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来： 例:He prefers dogs to cats./He would rather have dogs than cats.（很明显，这两句的意思并不完全相同。 ） would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。 例: Id rather fly than go by sea=Id prefer to fly 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。 这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样： 例: Would you like some gin？ Id prefer
8、 a coffee=Id rather have coffee than gin would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式，但后者带to。 例: We went by sea but Id rather have gone by air=Id prefer to have gone by air (我愿意乘飞机去，可我的愿望未能实现） 这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。rather than 用法小结 rather than 是一个并列连词，用法比较复杂，现归纳如下：
9、1. rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather.than.”句式，意思是“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。例如： Shed rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 2. rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下： (1) 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不
10、如说他是一个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 注意：rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (2) 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 (3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in t
11、he great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 (4) 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时
12、，则只能接不带to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6) 连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里rather than 后用了walked，而没有用walk，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk，则作“宁愿而不愿 ”解。 More than的用法A. “More than名词”表示“不仅仅是” Modern science is more than a
13、large amount of information. Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. We need more than material wealth to build our country.建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富.B. “More than数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如： I have known David for more than 20 years. Lets carry out the test with more than the sample copy.More than one per
14、son has made this suggestion. 不止一人提过这个建议.C. “More than形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如： In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. I assure you I am more than glad to help you.D. more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过（=over）”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”. 难以，完全不能（其后通常连用情态动词 can）-That is more t
15、han I can understand . 那非我所能懂的.-That is more than I can tell. 那事我实在不明白。-The heat there was more than he could stand. 那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的此外，“more than”也在一些惯用语中出现，如： -More often than not （经常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give. -All of us are more than a litt
16、le concerned about（非常关心）the current economic problemsmore.than 的用法1. 比多，比更He has more books than me. 他的书比我多。He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔细。2. 与其不如He is more lucky than clever. 与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。He is more （a） scholar than （a） teacher. 与其说他是位教师，不如说他是位学者。注：该句型主要用于同一个人或物在两个不同性质或特征等方面的比较，其中的比较
17、级必须用加 more 的形式，不能用加词尾-er 的形式。no more than 与 not more than1. no more than 的意思是“仅仅”“只有”“最多不超过”，强调少。如：-This test takes no more than thirty minutes. 这个测验只要30分钟。-The pub was no more than half full. 该酒吧的上座率最多不超过五成。-For thirty years，he had done no more than he （had） needed to. 30年来，他只干了他需要干的工作。2. not more
18、than 为 more than （多于）的否定式，其意为“不多于”“不超过”。Not more than 10 guests came to her birthday party. 来参加她的生日宴会的客人不超过十人。比较：She has no more than three hats. 她只有3顶帽子。（太少了）She has not more than three hats. 她至多有3顶帽子。（也许不到3顶帽子）I have no more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱最多不过5元。（言其少）I have not more than five
19、yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱不多于5元。（也许不到5元）no more.than 与 not more.than1. no more.than 表示对两者都否定，意为“同一样不”（neither.nor.）。如：-He is no more a writer than a painter. 他既不是画家，也不是作家。（He is neither a painter nor a writer.）-Hes no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我都读不懂西班牙语。（Neither he nor I am able to read
20、Spanish.）-I know no more Spanish than I know Greek. 我对西班牙语和希腊语同样都不懂。（I know neither Spanish nor Greek.）2. not more.than 指两者都具有某种特征，但是程度不同，意为“不如”“不及”（ not so. as）。如：(lessthan)-She is not more clever than he is. 她不如他聪明。（She is not so clever as he is.）-This book is not more difficult than that one. 这本书
21、不及那本书难。（This book is not so difficult as that one.）no more.than 与 no less.than1. no more.than 意为“与一样不”，用于否定两者。如：Shes no more a great singer than I am. 她不是优秀歌手，我也不是。A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 马不是鱼，鲸也不是鱼。He is no more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是数学家一样，他也不是艺术家。2. no les
22、s.than 意为“和一样”，用于肯定两者。如：Your brother is no less wise than you. 你的兄弟跟你一样聪明。A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is. 海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。Italian is no less a mother tongue for him than English. 如同英语一样，意大利语也是他的母语。nothing more than /nothing less than nothing less than 完全是，和.一模一样 -It is nothing less
23、 than stealing to take a thing away without the permission of its owner. -They expect nothing less than a revolution. 他们盼望的正是革命。 theres nothing I like less than.。这种情况是否定意思-Theres nothing I like less than lying. 我最不喜欢的莫过于说谎了。-Theres nothing I like less than working overtime. 我最讨厌加班。less than 的用法1. （指
24、数量）不到，不足Its less than half an hours drive from here. 开车到那里不到半个钟头。In less than an hour he finished the work. 没要上一个小时，他就完成了工作。2. 比（小）少She eats less than she should. 她吃得比她应该吃的少。Half the group felt they spent less than average. 半数人觉得他们的花费低于平均水平。3. 不太，一点也不The boys were less than happy about having a part
25、y. 开晚会男孩子们并不很高兴。We were less than delighted to have company that day. 那天有客人我们并不太高兴。 He was less than helpful when we arrived. 我们到达时他一点也不帮忙。4 不像（如）He is less honest than his brother. 他不如他哥哥诚实。5 与其不如I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend. 与其说我把他当作老师，不如说我是把他当作朋友。注：表示此义时可与 more.than 结构替换（但要注意
26、词序的变化）。如：He is less a teacher than an expert.He is more an expert than a teacher. 与其说他是老师，不如说他是专家。no less than 与 not less than1. no less than 的意思是“多达”“有之多”，强调多，与 no more than 意思相反。He made no less than 500. 他赚了多达500英镑的钱。He paid no less than $10，000 for it. 他为此付了一万多美元。No less than 50 people offered to
27、 buy it. 至少有50个人提出要买它。No less than 50 passengers got killed in the train accident yesterday. 死于昨天火车车祸的旅客有50人之多。My father， no less than I， is a baseball fan. 我的父亲不亚于我，也是个棒球迷。2. not less than 为 less than（少于）的否定式，其意为“不少于”“不下于”“至少”。He has not less than 10，000 dollars. 他至少有一万元。Not less than 500 people at
28、tended the meeting. 参加会议的至少500人。比较：He has no less than seven daughters. 他有7个女儿之多。He has not less than seven daughters. 他至少有7个女儿。no more.than 与 no less.than1. no more.than 意为“与一样不”，用于否定两者。如：Shes no more a great singer than I am. 她不是优秀歌手，我也不是。A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 马不是鱼，鲸也不是鱼。He is
29、 no more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是数学家一样，他也不是艺术家。2. no less.than 意为“和一样”，用于肯定两者。如：Your brother is no less wise than you. 你的兄弟跟你一样聪明。A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is. 海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。Italian is no less a mother tongue for him than English. 如同英语一样，意大利语也是他的母语。陷阱题分析 1.
30、 How beautifully she sings！I have never heardvoice.A. a better B. a bestC. the better D. the best【陷阱】容易误选 D，认为最高级前要用定冠词。【分析】其实此题最佳答案为 A。该句可视为 I have never heard a better voice than her voice 之省略，全句句意为“她唱得多好啊！我从未听过她这么好的声音”。请再看以下类似的实例：He is fine， never better. 他很好，比以往任何时候都好。This bird is really lovely. Ive never seen a finer one. 这只鸟真可爱，我从未见过这样好看的鸟。比较以下试题，情形也大致相同：（1）“Ive never found a better job.”“.”A. I dont think so B. Too badC. Congratulations D. Dont worry答案选 C。Ive never found a better job 可视为 Ive never found a better j
