1、考研研究生入学统一考试试题英语二精2018年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语二）Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? B
2、ecause humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral sc
3、ientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?H
4、alf of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8.Su
5、bsequentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor11orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan12newscie
6、ntificadvances,forinstance-butsometimessuch13canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15,however.Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.Thesere
7、sultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughononescuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity.Hseesays.Inotherwords,dontreadonlinecomments.1. A. resolveB. protectC. discussD. ignore2.A. refuseB. waitC. se
8、ekD. regret3.A. riseB. lastC. misleadD. hurt4.A. alertB. tieC. exposeD .treat5.A. messageB. trialC. reviewD. concept6.A. removeB. weakenC. deliverD. interrupt7. A. UnlessB. IfC. ThoughD. When8. A. happenB. continueC. disappearD. change9. A. rather thanB. such asC. regardless ofD. owing to10. A. disa
9、greeB. forgiveC. forgetD. discover11. A. payB. marriageC. foodD. schooling12.A. begin withB. rest onC. learn fromD. lead to13.A. withdrawalB. inquiryC. persistenceD. diligence14.A. self-destructiveB. self-reliantC. self-evidentD. self-deceptive15.A. resistB. defineC. replaceD. trace16.A. predictB. o
10、verlookC. designD. conceal17. A. rememberB. chooseC. promiseD. pretend18. A. reliefB. planC. outcomeD. duty19.A. whetherB. whyC. whereD. how20. A .limitationsB. investmentsC. strategiesD. consequences1.A 解析：句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢？”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有_不确定性的内在需求”。A解决B保护C讨论D忽视，根据动宾搭配关系，解决
11、不确定性搭配合理。2.C解析：本题考查动介词搭配。根据原文语境，需要选择一个动词和后面的“to”连用。A拒绝做.B等待做.C寻求，力求做.D后悔做.结合文意“人们要_ 满足他们的好奇心”来判断，正选为C寻求，力求做。3.D解析：根据原文语境，“painful, uncertainty”均为消极词汇。4.C解析： 固定搭配考查。根据原文语境，考查短语_ sb to sth 意为“让某人承受某事”。因此，C选项为正选。5.B解析： 根据上文，第二段句首提到in a series of four experiments,说明是在“实验”的语境。结合四个选项，A信息B实验C复习D观念，只有B选项和段落
12、语境相符合。因此为正选。6.C解析： 动宾搭配。结合语境，“当点击的时候，一半的钢笔会_电流。”根据动宾搭配，本题需要一个动词来搭配电流，考查四个选项，A移除B削弱C传递D打扰 A选项更符合语境。7.D解析：时间状语的考查。结合语境，“_被独自留在房间，学生会.”,因此，这是一个非常明显的时间状语从句。正选为D.8.A 解析：动词辨析。结合原文语境，由who 引导的定语从句修饰前面的学生，而在定语从句中，又出现由what引导的宾语从句。结合宾语从句的含义，“知道接下来会发生什么”更符合语境。9.B解析：结合语境，后面语境为并列关系，因此此题应填举例子。B为正选。10.D解析：Discover
13、与上文中的Curiosity 相对应。11 C解析： 本词与后文的Basic drives 的详细说明。与shelter一样都属于人类的基本需求。12 D解析：破折号的内容是对前文instinct 的解释。说明这种本能能够促进新的科学发展，属于因果关系。13.B解析：跟前文的drives 相对应。14.A解析：本题与前文的backfire相对应，都属于贬义词。15.A 解析：从后文的试验中，参与者应该被鼓励参与，因此跟前文的坚持相对应。16.A解析：通过后文的after能看出这个事情并没有发生，因此填预测。17.B解析：动宾搭配。18：C解析：of 引导的后置定语。由一个人的好奇心所带来的结果
14、。19：A解析：whether 引导宾语从句。20：D解析：关联对应，对应18题的outcome.Section Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as tho
15、ugh he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that st
16、udents should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of di
17、scarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But hes also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype, that its for kids who cant make it academi
18、cally,” he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle. We want more for
19、our kids, and rigitfully so.But the headlong push into bachelors degrees for all -and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point: Thats not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelors degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country ar
20、e middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obv
21、ious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most arent equipped to do them. Koziateks Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziateks school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits
22、-all, it risks overlooking a nations diversity of gifts.21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students lack of_.A. mechanical memorizationB. academic trainingC. practical abilityD. pioneering spirit22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who_.A. are financially di
23、sadvantagedB. are not academically successfulC. have a stereotyped mindD. have no career motivation23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates_.A. are entitled to more “educational privilegesB. are reluctant to work in manufacturingC .used to have more job opportunitiesD. used to ha
24、ve big financial concerns 24. The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all_.A. helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB. may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC. is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD. indicates the overvaluing of higher education25. The authors attitude toward Kozia
25、teks school can be described as_.A. supportiveB. disappointedC. tolerantD. cautious21. 答案 C practical ability这是一道细节题，根据题干关键词可定位至第二段最后一句话,意思是”什么时候这种观点变得可接受了呢？学生应该能够说出美国第十三任总统的名字，但是却完全对坏了的自行车链束手无策”。从作者使用问句的形式就可判断出作者并不接受这种观点，即学生只学会书本上的知识而不具备实际能力。再结合上一句话即本段第二句话，Mr Koziatek是New Hampshire高中的一名老师，在这所学校，学习不
26、只是书本上的知识，或者是为了考试，也不是为了机械化的记忆，而是为了实际的技能。能看出，作者认为学生们缺少的是实际技能，所以答案是C practical ability.22. 答案 B are not academically successful这是一道具体细节题，根据题干关键词职业教育对孩子存在的偏见可定位至第四段最后一句，意思是“在很多职业化教育的学校中，有这样一种老套的思想，那就是，职业教育是针对那些在学术上不能成功的那些孩子的。”根据这句话可确定答案就是B are not academically successful 。其他选项均不符合文意。23答案C used to have m
27、ore job opportunities这是一道细节推断题，根据题干第五段和high school graduates 回到原文定位致第五段第三句，说到美国经济曾经提供给高中毕业生的那种the job security已经在很大程度上evaporated也就是消失了，那说明过去的时候高中毕业生是有职业安全感的，故选C，其他选项都不在定位处，可以排除。 24.答案D indicate the overvaluing of higher education这是一道事实细节题，根据题干内容“the headlong push”找到出处是第六段开头But后，发现后面还有一个and.和其并列，所以主要
28、关注对这两部分的评价，后面有明显的标点：冒号出现，冒号后说that is not the only thing the American economy needs. 可以看出这句话对前面的否定，选项中只有D选项动词overvalue是负面词，而且提到主题词education。故选D。这道题最适合用感情色彩来排除与D相反的其他三个选项。 25.答案A supportive这是一道态度题，放在最末的态度题更倾向于到最后一段找答案。通过定位词Koziateks school 看到最后一段也确实提到了，说它是一个wake-up call。也就是在唤醒人们教育不应该是统一的形式，这样会overlook
29、ing a nations diversity of gifts，也就是忽视人才的差异性。所以可以看出作者是支持的态度。Text2While fossil fuels- coal, oil, gas- still generate roughly 85 percent of the worlds energy supply, its clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum
30、 around the world: They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted Business to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the stories about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of hom
