1、高考英语语法高考生必备Part one一、名词的考察重点及演练可数名词It is often said that _teachers have _very easy life.(2005北京)A. 不填，不填 B.不填,a C. the,不填 D. the, a 不可数名词1.In_review of 44 students, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of _heart disease by 76 %.(2006湖南)A. a, the B. t
2、he, a C .a, 不填 D.不填,a 2._terrible weather weve been having these days!(1992)A. How, a B. what, a C. How D. What 二、冠词的考察重点及演练不定冠词1. 泛指某一类人或者事物的时候2. 用于某些固定词组中例题：Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?Sorry, wrong number. There isnt _Mr. Smith here.(2006)A.不填 B. a C. the D. one定冠词1.用于说话双方都了解的人或者事物之前，表示特指。2.
3、在形容词最高级前，或者某些固定词组以及习惯用法之前。1.According to _World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _spread of AIDS.(2006陕西).A. the,不填 B. the, the C. a. a D.不填,the 2.I know _John Lennon, but no t_ famous one.(2005山东)A.不填，a B. a, the C.不填,the D. the, a 零冠词1.表示泛指的不可数名词和复数名词之
4、前用冠词2.在用于泛指时间，表示三餐、球类或棋类运动、学科的名词以及表示季节、年份、等时间名词之前不用冠词。3.在某些固定词组，习惯用语中，名词前不用冠词。1.I know you dont like _music very much. But what do you think of _music in the film we saw yesterday?(2006)A. 不填,不填 B. the ,the C. the, 不填 D. 不填,the 2.the sign reads” In case of_ fire, bread the glass and push_ red button
5、.”A. 不填,a B. 不填,the C. the , the D. a, a 3.the warmth of _sweater will of course be determined by the sort of_ wool used(2001)A. the ,the B. the , 不填 C. 不填,the D. 不填,不填 Unit 2Part One代词的基本用法Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why _?John is sitting there doing nothing.(2003)A. him B. he
6、C. I D. me 人称代词it的特殊用途1.指代事物或者人I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004)A this B that C it Done 2.充当形式主语_is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.(2006浙江)A. As B. That C. This D. It is 3.充当形式宾语As the busiest woman in Nor
7、ton, she made_ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.(2006湖南) A this B that C one D it 4.用于“强调句型”It is what you do rather than what you say_ matters.(2005天津)A that. B. what C. which D. this 指示代词的基本用法1.通常用that或those指代前面提及的事物，而下文将要提到的事物则用this或者these来指代He was nearly drowned
8、once.When was _?_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A that, It B this, This C this, It D that, This2.指示代词that, those, one, ones作替代词的用法hat 和 those必须有后置定语 that 和 one 的区别 (1)that只能替代物，one 即可替代物和可替代人 (2)that 必须有后置定语，而one 不一定I prefer a flat in Inverness to _in Perth, because I want to live near my
9、 Moms.(2005天津)A. one B. that C. it D. this 不定代词的基本用法1.all,each,everyall 三个或三个以上的所有 each 两个或两个以上的每一个，强调个体 every 三个或三个以上的每一个，强调全体I had to buy_ these books because I didnt know which one was the best.(2004上海)A. both B. none C. neither D. all 2.no one, nothing, noneThey were all very tired, but_ of them
10、 would stop to take a rest(1995)A. any B. some C. none D. neither 3.both,neither,either1)If you cant decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take_? I wont read them this week.(2006浙江)A. all B. any C. either D. both 4. some any Dont worry if you cant come to _party, Ill save_ cake for y
11、ou.(2006浙江)A. the ,some B. a much C. the any D. a little 5.other,others,anotherBoth sides have accused of breaking the contract _.(2006上海春)A. another B. the other C. neither D. each 第二节其他类型的代词的用法简介1.名词性物主代词Is your camera like Bills and AnnsNo, but its almost the same as _(1994)A. her B. yours C. the
12、m D. their 2.反身代词Who called me this morning when I was not?A man calling_ Robert.(2006福建)A. his B. himself C. his D.不填 3.疑问代词Why! I have nothing to confess._ you want me to say ?(2004上海)A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that Part Two一、时态概述态时一般进行：be+Ving完成Have/has+V
13、ed现在一般现在时work(works)现在进行时am,is,are+working现在完成时have,has worked过去一般过去时worked过去进行时was,were+working过去完成时had worked将来一般将来时will(shall)work将来进行时will(shall)+be+working将来完成时Will(shall) have worked过去将来过去将来时would(should)work例题：1）Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _the Pacific,
14、 and we met no storms.(2005辽宁)A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called 2)Your job _open for your return.Thanks .(2006北京)A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept 3)Since I won the big prize ,my telephone hasnt stopped ringing .People _to ask how I am going to
15、spend the money.(2005湖南)A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 4)The country life he was used to _greatly since 1992。(2005山东)A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed 5)John, a friend of mine ,who got married only last week , spent $3,000 more than he _for the wedding .(200
16、6)A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned 二、时态综述及特殊用法一、常用一般现在时的情况： 1.以Here或There开头的句子，说明正在发生的动作，谓语动词不用现在进行时，而用一般现在时。如： Here comes the bus! There goes the bell! 2.既定的时间如生日、日历、课时安排、交通时刻表等，通常用一般现在时表示将来动作。如：The meeting starts at five oclock. The train leaves at three this afternoon. 3.在
17、see to it，make sure，make certain，be sure，look out，take care等之后的从句要用一般现在（过去、现在完成）时代替一般将来（过去将来、将来完成）时。如： You must make sure the door is closed before you leave the lab. See to it that everything is OK. 4.在宾语从句中，表示客观事实或真理，一律用一般现在时。如： The teacher taught us yesterday that the moon circles the earth. Some
18、body told me that you are a writer. 5.在由as soon as，when，before，after，till等引导的时间状语从句和由if，unless，as long as，in case等引导的条件状语从句或在方式、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，但主句用一般将来时。如： If you come this afternoon，Well have a meeting. When you meet him，tell him to come to my place. 二、常用一般过去时的情况： 1.表示说话人始料未及的事情，用一般过去时。如： Oh!
19、 I didnt know you were in Shanghai. How long have you been there? 2.在wish，would rather的宾语从句中和在as if引导的状语从句中，以及在It is time that的定语从句中，谓语动词用一般过去时说明现在的事情。如： Its time you had a holiday. He looks as if he were young. 3.用表示意愿及精神状态的动词，反映的是说话者探询的态度时，动词用一般过去时表示一般现在时，显得更加有礼貌。如： I didnt know you were here.（我不知
20、道你在这里，were实际上指现在） I wondered if you could help me. 4.在含有hardly/scarcelywhen，no soonerthan结构的句子中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。（注意：主句一般倒装）如： Hardly had I entered the room，when I heard a loud noise. No sooner had he reached the door than he came back. 三、常用现在进行时的情况： 1.若句中带有always，all the time，forever，constantly等词或
21、短语，用进行时表示一个频繁发生的动作，表示说话人赞赏或厌恶等感情。如： You are always forgetting the important things. He is constantly leaving his things behind. 2.某些词，如come，go，leave，arrive，start等可用现在进行时表示将来。 He is leaving tomorrow. The visitors are arriving in a few minutes. 四、常用过去进行时的情况： 1.表示故事发生的背景。如： One day Jones was walking al
22、ong the street. It was snowing as they made their way to the front. 2.与always，forever，constantly，continually，frequently等词连用，表示过去经常发生的行为，往往带有感情色彩。如： My brother was always losing his key. They were frequently quarrelling. 五、常用现在完成时的情况： 1.被the first time，a few times，again and again等表示次数或重复的状语修饰时，句中常用现在
23、完成时。如： This is the third time we have made improvements in that equipment. 2.定语从句的先行词是最高级形式或被最高级形容词修饰时，句中常用现在完成时。如： Scientists have found almost all metals are good conductors，the best of which is silver. 3.在某些时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用现在完成时表示将来完成的动作。如： Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework. If
24、 it has stoppted snowing in the morning，well go to the park. 六、常用过去完成时的情况： 1.某些动词的过去完成时表示原先计划或打算做而没做的事情。常见的动词有mean，plan，think，suppose，want，intend等。如： We had hoped that you would be able to visit us. I had intended to make a cake，but I ran out of time. 2.在条件状语从句中以及which或Id rather后的宾语从句中，常用过去完成时表示与过去事
25、实相反的虚拟语气。如： If you only had worked with great care! I would rather you had told her the truth. 七、常用一般将来时的情况： 1.表示一种倾向、固有特性或说话人推测的意见。如： I think it will rain tomorrow. Birds will build nests. 2.在某些条件状语从句、时间状语从句中。如： We shall go unless it rains. Hell help you if you ask him. 说明：有时用be about to+动词原形或be to
26、 +动词原形或be going to +动词原形表示将来时。如： The meeting is going to start at nine. Tell her she is not to be back late. The film is about to begin.Part Three一、插入隔离型有时一个本来很简单的句子，由于表达的需要，在其中置入一个插入成分，或将某些成分从正常位置调入一个在同学们看来属“非正常”的位置并造成理解困难。1.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her rolein the play,_, of course, ma
27、de the othersunhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 2.“Each of the students, working hard at his or herlessons,_ to go to university.” “So do I.”A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped 3.He told me the news_, believe it or not, he had earned $1 000 in a single day.A. thatB. which C. asD. because 二、词性误
28、用英语和汉语不仅在遣词造句、句型搭配、习惯用法等方面有很大的差别，就是在词性方面也有很大的差别，并且这种差别有时会使同学们稍不小心就酿成错误 1.A _ road goes _ from one place to another. A. straight, straightB. straightly, straightlyC. straight, straightlyD. straightly, straight2.Dont_; no one will hurt you. A. afraid B. frighten C. fear D. nervous 3.He treated all the
29、 people around him, _he knew or he didnt know,_.A. if, friendly B. whether, friendly C. if, in a friendly way D. whether, in a friendly waylonely(孤独的)，costly(高价的，昂贵的)，lively(有生气的，生动的)，lovely(可爱的，美丽的，愉快的)，orderly (整齐的，守规则的)三、词义误解型有许多题，因为其中有个别词（尤其是其中的关键词）的词义很容易误解，或是同学们对这类词理解不准，在运用时其词义在脑海中模棱两可，从而导致做题失误
30、。1.These _ much alike that I cant tell which is which. A. twin looks B. twins look C. twin look D. twins looks2.If you want to sell your product you must _ itA. advertise B. advertise for C. advertise on D. advertise to 3.There are five pairs, but Im at a loss which_ to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing四、规则硬套型所谓“规则硬套”，即指不从语言实际出发，不考虑特定的语言环境，而是机械地套用语法规则，
