1、考研1987年考研英语真题1987年考研英语真题Section I Structure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)EXAMPLE:I was caught _ the rain yesterday.A inB byC wit
2、hD atANSWER: A1. The skyscraper stands out _ the blue sky.A inB againstC under（B）D beneath2. They have always been on good _ with their next-door neighbors.A friendshipB relationsC connection（D）D terms3. Hello! Is that 21035? Please put me _ to the manager.A acrossB upC through（C）D over4. Why do you
3、 look so _? You never smile or look cheerful.A miserableB unfortunateC sorry（A）D rude5. Eggs, though nourishing, have _ of fat content.A large numberB a large numberC the high amount（D）D a high amount6. Jim always _ his classmates in a debate.A backs outB backs awayC backs up（C）D backs down7. Most o
4、f the people who _ two world wars are strongly against arms race.A have lived outB have lived throughC have lived on（B）D have lived off8. There are many inconveniences that have to be _ when you are camping.A put upB put up withC put off（B）D put away9. Is it true that those old houses are being pull
5、ed down _ new office blocks?A to accommodateB to provide forC to increase（D）D to make room for10. Being in no great hurry, _.A we went the long route with sceneryB the long, scenic route was our preferenceC we took the long scenic route（C）D our preference was taking the long, scenic routeSection II
6、Reading ComprehensionEach of three passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers, read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Text 1For centuries men dreamed of achieving ver
7、tical flight. In 400 A.D. Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased. Leonardo da Vinci conceive the first mechanical apparatus, called a “Helix,” which could carry man straight up, but was only a design and was never tested.The ancient-dr
8、eam was finally realized in 1940 when a Russian engineer piloted a strange looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top. It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start, hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and backwards, and then settled back to earth.
9、The vehicle was called a helicopter.Imaginations were fired. Men dreamed of going to work in their own personal helicopters. People anticipate that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today. Such fantastic expectations were not fulfilled.The helicopte
10、r has now become an extremely useful machine. It excels in military missions, carrying troops, guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go. Corporations use them as airborne offices, many metropolitan areas use them in police work, construction and logging companies employ them in
11、various advantageous ways, engineers use them for site selection and surveying, and oil companies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies. Any urgent mission to a hard-to-get-to place is a likely task for a helicopter. Among their other mul
12、titude of used: deliver people across town, fly to and from airports, assist in rescue work, and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons.11. People expect that _.A the airliners of today would eventually be replaced by helicoptersB helicopters would someday be able to transport large number
13、of people from place to place as airliners are now doingC the imaginations fired by the Russian engineers invention would become a reality in the future（B）D their fantastic expectations about helicopters could be fulfilled by airliners of today12. Helicopters work with the aid of _.A a combination o
14、f rotating devices in front and on topB a rotating device topsideC one rotating fan in the center of the aircraft and others at each end（B）D a rotating fan underneath for lifting13. What is said about the development of the helicopter?A Helicopters have only been worked on by man since 1940.B Chines
15、e children were the first to achieve flight in helicopters.C Helicopters were considered more dangerous than the early airplanes.（D）D Some people thought they would become widely used by average individuals.14. How has the use of helicopters developed?A They have been widely used for various purpose
16、s.B They are taking the place of high-flying jets.C They are used for rescue work.（A）D They are now used exclusively for commercial projects.15. Under what conditions are helicopters found to be absolutely essential?A For overseas passenger transportation.B For extremely high altitude flights.C For
17、high-speed transportation.（D）D For urgent mission to places inaccessible to other kinds of craft.Text 2In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eve
18、ntually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C. The games took place in August on the plain by
19、 Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boys gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, hor
20、se racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the ye
21、ar of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspen
22、ded by the Romans in 394 A.D. They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was ove
23、r 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896.Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing courtiers pay their own
24、athletes expenses.The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the suns rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the
25、 closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.16. In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games _.A were merely national athletic festivalsB were in the nature of a national
26、event with a strong religious colourC had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous position（B）D were primarily national events with few foreign participants17. In the early days of ancient Olympic Games _.A only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the gamesB all Greek
27、s, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take partC all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in Games（A）D all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games18. The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics _.A has not definitely been estab
28、lishedB varied according to the number of foreign competitorsC was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were held（A）D was considered unimportant19. Modern athletes results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because _.A the Greeks had no means of recording the resultsB they are muc
29、h betterC details such as the time were not recorded in the past（C）D they are much worse20. Nowadays, the athletes expenses are paid for _.A out of the prize money of the winnersB out of the funds raised by the competing nationsC by the athletes themselves（B）D by contributionsText 3In science the me
30、aning of the word “explain” suffers with civilizations every step in search of reality. Science cannot really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first looked int
31、o the nature of the electrification of amber, a hard yellowish-brown gum. Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces “really” are. “Electricity,” Bertrand Russell says, “is not a thing, like St. Pauls Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there i
