1、English Grammar Sentence II,英语句子种类与类型,I、句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句II、句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句,提 纲,I、句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句,1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。She arrived early.She cannot have arrived now.注：1）半否定句(hardly,scarcely,little,few)I hardly know anyt
2、hing about it.2）部分否定句与全否定句I dont like both the films.I like neither Cathy nor Mary.3)否定转移I dont think it will be very cold today.(believe,expect,suppose,imagine),I、句子种类,2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。,I、句子种类,1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。Have you anything to say?Did someone phone me last night?C
3、ant you understand it?Isnt it a beautiful lake?-Havent you been to the UK?-No,I havent.,2）特殊疑问句 疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。,I、句子种类,（1）陈述语序Who was the first man in space?（2）倒装语序Who are you talking about?,注：A、简略式 Why not go alone?Why get so angry?How/What about taking a rest?B、复杂特殊疑问
4、句 What do you think he has done?,I、句子种类,3）选择疑问句(1)以一般疑问句为基础Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?Shall I help you or can you manage?(2)以特殊疑问句为基础Which do you prefer,red wine or white?How shall we go there,by bus or by train?,I、句子种类,4）反义疑问句 问：+，-？或-，+？答：+，+.或-，-.,1.Tom hardly knows French,_ _?2.M
5、ary didnt fail her exam,did she?-_,she didnt.3.You neednt come,_ you?You need to come,_ you?4.He had a big time there,_ he?He had a car,_ he?We hardly have to get up early,_ we?5.He used to live in Leeds,_ he?,6.Lets go to the match at once,_ we?Leave me alone,_ you?7.They have been learning to driv
6、e,_ they?8.No one was hurt,_ _?9.There is no doubt about it,_ _?10.Anna hasnt got to go to school on Sunday,_ she?,I、句子种类,4）反义疑问句,3、祈使句 表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。,I、句子种类,1）带第二人称的祈使句 Be quiet,please.Dont make any noise!You call a taxi.Dont you forget it.(强调)Give me a hand,will/wont/would/wouldn you?2）带第一、三人
7、称的祈使句 Let me try again.Lets go.Let us go.Lets not say anything about it./Dont lets say Let him be here by 10 oclock.,I、句子种类,3、祈使句,注意：1、加强语气 Do be careful of my broken leg.Do let me have another try.2、祈使句的省略式 A:Shall I open the window?B:Yes,please do./No,please dont.A:Shall we watch the game?B:Yes,le
8、ts.,4、感叹句 由what 或how引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。,I、句子种类,What a cute baby it is!What fine weather we have today!What a good time we had last night!How foolish she is!How clearly you speak!How clever a boy he is!*What a dirty room,_ _?What interesting films,_ _?,I、句子种类,5、THERE-BE存在句,There is a clock on the tab
9、le.Once there lived a king called Lear.There goes the bell!Here come the bus.Here he comes.There used to be a village at the foot of the mountain.There is certain to be a heavy rain tonight.There seems to be some misunderstanding.There is a baby crying in the next door.There being no bus,we had to w
10、alk home.,II、句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句,二、句子类型,1、简单句 只包含一个主谓结构，个个成分都是单词或短语的句子。,All roads lead to Rome.He got up,dressed quickly,washed himself and went out.Is he a superman?Dont be shy.Have a try.The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.,二、句子类型,2、并列句 包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，分句由并列连词and,then,but,or,or e
11、lse,so,for,while,when;bothand,eitheror,neithernor,not only,but also,as well as等来连接。,He is a basketball fan,and his wife is a volleyball fan.Honey is sweet,but the bee stings.Dont be late,for there is a meeting.Hurry up,or youll be late.He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone.He was enjoying h
12、is KFC when a friend came.,二、句子类型,3、复合句 复合句的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承当。,（1）名词性从句 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名词性从句。宾语从句注意事项：引导词、语序、时态呼应、语态。主语/表语/同位从句注意事项：引导词、语序、语态。注意：1、whether与if的区别；2、陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一 般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感叹句变 来的呢？,二、句子类型,3、复合句（2）定语从句=先行词+引导词+其它。,引导词的选用取决于：1）先行词；2）先行词的修饰语；3）引导词
13、在定语 从句中的成分。注意：定语从句中的主谓一致；,3、复合句(3)状语从句 即用作状语的分句,可作下列状语：1、时间（after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until,whenever,as long as,as soon as;the moment,every time,next time;no soonerthan,hardlywhen）；2、地点（where,wherever）；3、方式（as,as if,as though）；4、程度（asas,more than,sothat,suchthat）；,二、句子类型,5、原因（because,sin
14、ce,as,now that,that）；6、结果（,so that,sothat,suchthat）；7、目的（so that,in order that,in case）；8、条件（if,unless）；9、让步（though,although,even if,even though,in spite of the fact that,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,However,no matter how,whether）。,二、句子类型,(3)状语从句,二、句子类型,3、并列复合句 并列复合句 即并列连词连接了带 从句的并列句。,English
15、 is widely used in the world,but China has the largest number of people who speak Chinese.,管理活动始于人类群体生活中的共同劳动，至今已有上万年历史。对于什么是管理，至今专家和学者们仍然各抒己见，没有统一得表述。1；http:/kgh86neg 1、管理是指在特定的环境条件下，以人为中心通过计划、组织、指挥、协调、控制及创新等手段，对组织所拥有的人力、物力、财力、信息等资源进行有效的决策、计划、组织、领导、控制，以期高效的达到既定组织目标的过程。了壹个小绣庄，那年家是大主顾，家母与年家丫鬟十分相熟。”“你
16、就没有问问那年家有几个丫鬟？”“年家只有壹个丫鬟，奴才绝对肯定，而且这个年丫鬟，在京城无人不知，无人不晓，实在是太有名了，奴才保证，绝对不会搞错。”“你这奴才还敢嘴硬，现在爷就告诉你，年家有两个丫鬟，是两个，两个！”“啊？爷，不可能，不可能，奴才也亲自打探过，真的只是壹个！”“你，你这个把爷害惨的奴才！你，你自己去领板子！”“爷，奴才冤枉，奴才冤枉！真的是只有壹个年丫鬟！”莫吉被拖了下去，王爷颓然地倒在了桌边，只是还不等他缓口气儿，另壹个打探消息的奴才就来回禀了。“你，给爷打探清楚没有？如果没有打探清楚，莫吉就是你的下场！”“爷，绝对没有错。”“说！”“回爷，年冰凝是年暇龄总督大人的小女儿，年
17、方十三，自幼生长在湖广总督府，此次因为参加选秀，才来到京城，内阁大学士年羹尧是她的二哥。”“年玉盈是何许人！”“回爷，年玉盈丫鬟是年暇龄总督大人的养女，五年前随年羹尧大人壹同抵京，掌管年府事务。”“年冰凝是什么时候来的京城？”“回爷，是年底左右。”他呆呆地坐在书桌前，壹动不动地坐着，坐着，壹直坐到了掌灯。莫吉这奴才说的没错，那时的年府只有壹个年丫鬟，玉盈。可是，玉盈姑娘居然是年家的养女，养女能当管家姑奶奶，这凭谁能想得到？老天，为什么要这样捉弄爷！早知道玉盈姑娘是养女，不用选秀，爷直接娶回府就是，还有什么必要向皇阿玛请婚？可是这壹次，皇阿玛为什么这么快就要赐下婚来？这接到手里的，哪里是什么皇阿
18、玛的赐婚圣旨，简直就是插在爷心头的壹枚利箭！此刻，他如同壹只困兽，满腔悲愤与怨怒！是的，这个赐婚是自己亲自向皇阿玛求来的。但是，为什么？为什么！赏赐来的不是年玉盈，而是年冰凝？什么时候，什么时候年家又多出来了壹个年冰凝？他被愤怒冲昏了头脑，却是做茧自缚，挣也挣不开，逃也逃不掉！他忿恨！这个侧福晋，居然还是自己亲自请求皇阿玛赏赐来的，真是天大的讽刺，莫大的笑话。壹个诸人，天底下有那么多的诸人，偏偏就是这么壹个诸人，却为什么得不到？苍天在上，您为什么要这么戏弄爷！、爷只想求来壹个“玉暖盈心”，可是皇阿玛却赐来壹个“冰雪凝寒”。为什么！为什么！第壹卷 第四十壹章 女眷自被圣上封为雍亲王后，按亲王规制，可以有壹位嫡福晋，两位侧福晋。嫡妻乌拉纳拉氏雅思琦自然升级为亲王福晋。那么两个侧福晋的名额，壹个，王爷毫不犹豫地给了李淑清。他是壹个念旧情的人，淑清跟随他多年，在还未娶嫡福晋的时候，就已经入府，漂亮温柔，吴侬软语、小鸟依人，总让王爷不由自主地升起壹股,
