1、高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题及解析高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题及解析一、选择题1I insisted he_ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he_it.Ahanded; didnt steal Bhand; hadnt stolenChand; not steal Dhanded; hadnt stolen2Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _ so colorful
2、 nowadays.Awont be Bhadnt beenCwouldnt be Dcant be3This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we _ to Shanghai Disneyland.Ago Bhad goneCwould go Dwent4The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on.Ashal
3、l BshouldCcan Dmay5What do you think of the proposal that improvement _ in the type of vacuum cleaner?Abe made Bwill be made Cwould be made Dhas to be made6I wish I _ an architect because then I _ be able to design my own house.Aam, will be Bwere, wouldCwill be, could Dwas, could7How I wish I _ my m
4、outh before I shouted at my mum!Ashut Bhave shutChad shut Dwould shut8That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong actions against him.Abetrayed, take Bhad betrayed, tookChas betrayed, took Dhas betrayed, take9Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in org
5、anizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead.Awere it not for Bif there being noChadnt it been for Dif it is not for10The board thought it urgent that these files _ right away.Aprinted Bhad been printed Cwould been printed Dbe printed11What a pity! Considering
6、his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have done Bmust have doneCcan have done Dmight have done12If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World War.Awas not; would die Bwere not; would have diedChad not been; would died Dhad not been; would have died13How
7、impressive Chinas 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!Definitely. If only I _ on the scene!Awas Bwere Chave been Dhad been14The people trapped in the ruins _ that rescue teams _ here without delay.Adesire; are sent Bdesiring; were sentCdesire; be sent Ddesiring; be sent15If it _ rain tomorrow
8、, I should not drive my car.Awere to Bwill Cwould Dis to16Mr Smiths doctor suggested that he _ and exercise regularly.Ashould eat Bwill eat Ccan eat Dwould eat17fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.AWould you be BCould you be CShould you be DMight you be18Ms. Li
9、n suggested that he the reading competition.Ahas taken part in Btake a part in Ctakes part in Dtake part in19What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _ a good time together.Ahad Bwill have Cwould have had Dhad had20If he_ to the teacher attentively, he_the answer to the problem now.Ahad listen
10、ed, would have known Blistened, would knowClistened, would have known Dhad listened, would know21Im sorry, but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants _and _the project again.Aseated , discuss about Bwere seated ,discussedCare seated, discuss Dseats ,are discussing22They demanded tha
11、t the right to vote _ to every adult.Awas given Bwas giving Cbe giving Dbe given23How I wish I _ fly to the moon!Really? That would be great.Acan Bmay Cshould Dcould24_, the damage would be incalculable.AShould such a disaster occur BIf such a disaster had occurredCHad such a disaster occurred DIf s
12、uch a disaster should be occurred25They both look as if they _ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.Aare Bwere Chave been Dhad been【参考答案】*试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查insist 用法。句意：我坚持说他应该把钱包还给那个女士，他坚持认为他没有偷。insist 后跟宾语从句分两种情况，一，表示坚持要去做某事(未做) insist+that从句(主语+should+动词原形)should可省也可以不
13、省,但要记住动词一定要用原形,这是一种虚拟语气。二，但如果表对已经发生过的事的一种看法,(注意;是对已经发生过的事)则使用正常时态。根据句意可知，故选B项。2C解析：C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：近年来，网络用语的出现越来越多，没有它们，我们的生活就不会如此丰富多彩。结合句意可知此处非限制性定语从句是虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，故选C。【点睛】由but for、 with、without、 otherwise等介词短语引导的句中。此类介词短语多引导含条件意味的虚拟语气。如：The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the ef
14、forts of the captain. 要没有船长的努力，那这只船及船上所有的人都沉没了。Without your help, I wouldnt do the experiment well. 有了你的帮助，我会把实验好好地做的。I am really busy, otherwise I would certainly go with you. 我真得好忙，否则我当然跟你一起去了。3D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这个寒假，我的家人要去参观长城，但是我宁愿去上海迪士尼乐园。would rather后接句子时，用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望。故选D。【点睛】woul
15、drather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：1一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；2.用过去完成时表过去的愿望。本题考查wouldrather的虚拟语气，根据前句This winter vocation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall可以判断是表示将来的愿望，可知用一般过去时，从而得出答案。4B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：政府的要求是，从2019年1月1日起，市民不得燃放烟花爆竹。当requirement等名词后接表语从句时，从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式来构成虚拟语气，故选B。5
16、A解析：A【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气。句意：你认为改进这种吸尘器的建议怎么样?名词proposal（建议）后面是that引导的同位语从句，从句应该用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，且从句主语improvement和make之间是是被动关系，故答案为A。【点睛】虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法 在名词advice, suggestion, order, proposal等后接的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，其形式为（should）+动词原形，说明“建议、劝告、命令 ”等的具体内容。如： The order came that the work should be finish
17、ed two days ahead of time.提前两天完成工作的命令传来了。 Reluctantly she accepted their proposal that she should be operated on.她勉强接受了他们要她去接受手术的建议。6B解析：B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我是一名建筑师，因为那样我就能设计自己的房子。此处wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，这里与将来的事实相反，用一般过去时态，且be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were。故答案为B。【点睛】虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式：（1）
18、对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望：主语wish 从句主语would(could, might)+动词原形。eg：I wish she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。（2）表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语wish（that）从句主语动词过去式。eg：I wish I wasnt leaving my son.我希望我没离开我儿子。（3）对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时：主语wish（that）从句主语would/could have/had过去分词。eg：I wish you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。7C解析：C
19、【解析】试题分析：C考察虚拟语气。wish后接与过去相反的事实时，用过去完成时表示虚拟。句意：我多么希望在我跟妈妈大吼之前把嘴巴闭起来。故选C考点：考察虚拟语气。8B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：那不是他第一次背叛我们。我认为我们早该对他采取强硬措施了。That is/was the first time that+完成时，是固定句型；句中使用的是“That was”，故应使用过去完成时。在固定搭配its (high/about) time中，从句应使用过去时表示虚拟语气。故选B。9A解析：A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：研究表明，要是在组织环境上没有接受女性
20、的历史障碍，这个公司的发展将会远远在前面。宾语从句中嵌套了一个虚拟语气的条件状语从句。由主句中的“would already be”可知这是一个虚拟语气的句子，根据句意，可以是对现在情况的虚拟也可以是对过去的虚拟。如果是对现在的虚拟，虚拟语气部分可翻译为if it werent for the historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments。如果是对过去的虚拟，虚拟语气部分翻译为if it had not been for the historical barriers on women accept
21、ance in organizational environments。首先虚拟语气中不可以用is，必须用were，排除D。如果选B，从句中就会缺少谓语动词。所以这题还考查虚拟语气的省略。当if省略时，将were或had提前，其它成份顺序不变，就分别变为Were it not for/ Had it not been for。故选A。【点睛】if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句，反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种：(1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should (would, c
22、ould, might) + have + 过去分词”。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。(3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”，主句用“should(would, could, might) + 动词原形”。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had, should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。这时，如果出现not等否定词时需放在主
23、语后面。本题中我们就是从主句先判断出这句话使用虚拟语气，再根据句意判断是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟。最后考虑倒装的形式是否正确。从形式上看，选项BD都是错误的，从倒装格式上看，选项C不正确，故选A。具体分析见详解。10D解析：D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：董事会认为立即把这些文件打印出来是当务之急。句型it is urgent that+(should) do，且print与file构成被动，故应填(should) be printed，should可以省略。故选D。11D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意：真遗憾啊！考虑到他的能力和经验，他也许可以做得更好
24、。can have done较少使用此结构，表示对过去行为的怀疑；用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑；need have done需要做某事，实际上却未做（表示虚拟语气）；must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测）；might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。故D正确。【点睛】本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。cant have done过去不可能做了某事；shouldnt have don
25、e 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做；neednt have done本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustnt have done的形式。12D解析：D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，很多人在二战中就会死于疾病或小的伤口。if条件句用had done表示和过去的事实相反，主句用would have done表示虚拟。故选B。【点睛】虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是：虚拟条件句 与现在事实相反的假设，从句是If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)，主句是：主语+should,would, might,could动词原形；与过去相反的假设从句
26、用：If+主语+had +过去分词，主句是：主语should, would, might, could have done；与将来相反的假设，从句用1、If+主语+动词过去式，主语should, would do，2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形，加主句3、If+主语+should +动词原形 ，加上主句的might, could动词原形。13D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻。当然，要是我在现场就好了。此处考查对过去的虚拟，用if only sb. had done sth.，故选D项。【点睛】本题考查if only（要是就好了
27、）引导的状语从句中的虚拟语气，虚拟语气一般有三种情况：与现在事实相反用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；与将来事实相反用过去将来时。例如If only I had tried my best years ago。要是我几年前尽全力就好了。If only I were in china at present.要是我现在在中国就好了。14C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意：被困在废墟中的人们希望立即派救援队到这里来。第一空主语为people，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用原形desire；第二空desire(要求)后接 that 从句时，其谓语通常用“(shoul
28、d)动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式，should可以省略，且team与send构成被动关系，故第二空应填be sent。故选C。15A解析：A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果明天下雨，我应该不会开我的车。分析句子结构可知，本句考查if引导的虚拟语气，根据tomorrow判断此处是与将来事实相反，故用were to/should + do，故选A项。16A解析：A【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：史密斯先生的医生建议他规律性地吃饭与锻炼。这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，由suggest（建议）可知，这句话是医生的建议，所以从句中谓语动词应使用（should）+动词原形。故选
29、A。【点睛】在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中，由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：表示“要求”的：ask，desire，request，demand，require，beg；表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move，prpose，suggest，recommend，advise，vote；表示“决定、命令”的：decide，order；表示“主张”的：maintain，urge；表示“
30、同意、坚持”的：consent，insist等。本题的句子是宾语从句，且有谓语动词suggest表示建议，所以其后的从句中谓语动词应使用should+动词原形的形式。故选A。17C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟条件句。句意：如果你被解雇了，医疗保障和其他福利也不会受到影响。本句表示与将来事实相反的假设，所以从句为sb shoud +动词原形。虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should或had时,可省略if，再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行部分倒装。故选C项。18D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：林老师建议他参加阅读比赛。suggest表示“建议”，引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故应填(should) take part in，should可以省略。故选D。【点睛】后接虚拟语气的常见词1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recomm
