1、英语高考情态动词考及试题答案【英语】高考情态动词考及试题答案一、单项选择情态动词1-Can I pay the bill by credit card?-Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.Ashall BneedCwill Dmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. shall用于法律法规或条文中，表示义务、规定等；B. need需要；C. will会；D. must必须。句意：我能用信用卡支付么？对不起，先生，现金支付是我们酒店的管理
2、规定。故A项正确。2Keep up your spirits even if you _ fail hundreds of times.Amust BneedCmay Dshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. must必须；B. need需要；C. may可能，或许；D. should应该。句意：即使失败了几百次，也要振作起来。此处表示一种不确定的推测，故选C。3Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments that_ possible just a few years agoAwould have been
3、Bmight have beenCshouldnt have been Dcouldnt have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldnt have done，故D项正确。4- Did Jim come?- I dont know. He _ while I was out.Amight have come Bmight comeCmust have come Dshould have come【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动
4、词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？-我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I dont know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。can/could+have+过去分词用法：多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）.了-（否定句）/可能（已经）.了嘛？-（疑问句）用于肯定句中。表
5、示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以.的（但实际上没有.）。You could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定句。他能做得更好的）should/ought to+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有责备的意思，意为：本来应该.的（但实际上没有.）。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备，意为：本来不应该.的（但实际上已经.了）。He should have been asleep.（肯定句，他本应去睡觉的）He shouldnt have been asleep.（否定句，
6、他本来不应该去睡觉的）。may/might+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为：或许（已经）./或许还没有.。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.must+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时，不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.（must 的引入，表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测）neednt+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔，意为：本来可以不必.的（可实际上却已经.）
7、You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.5I have something important to tell John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is here, so he _ have gone too far.Amustnt BneedntCwouldnt Dcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能
8、，用cant have done。故选D。6Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he _ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.Ashould BcouldCwould Dmight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候，他就会出去买些东西，通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该；B. could能；C. would总是，愿意；D. might可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事，故选C。7It is really
9、 cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.Amight BmustCcan Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。He must have been a d
10、octor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质
11、上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是：They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）8Its really great to have a computer to store my photos.Dont count on it too much. It _ break down and youd be
12、tter make a copy of them.Amust BcanCshould Dwill【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。不要过度依赖它。它有时候也会出故障，你最好做一个备份。计算机出故障这是可能的事情，表示客观可能性用can。must肯定，必须；should应该；will表意愿。故B选项正确。9He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashall BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾
13、气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。10The room is so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.Awill BneedCcan Dmust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。11-He was satisfied with the result, wasnt he?-No. It was so difficult th
14、at he _have passed it.Ashouldnt BmustntCcouldn t Dwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. shouldnt 不应该；B. mustnt禁止，不允许；C. couldn t 不可能；D. wouldnt不会。句意：-他对结果很满意，是吗? -不。考试太难了，他不可能通过。固定结构：couldn t have done“不可能做某事”，此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故选C。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句
15、.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have kn
16、own it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有） He oughtnt t
17、o / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了） 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.12would可以表达过去常常做的事，过去习惯发生的动作：Pirates would
18、 bury gold in a cave. 海盗们常常把黄金藏在山洞中。We would take a walk along the river. 我们过去常常沿河散步。3. would后接like、love、mind等动词，表示要求、邀请、希望或询问，此时不是说过去，而是对现在的询问：Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意来我的派对吗？Would you mind coming with us? 你介意和我们一起吗？比如本题，would 表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，故选A。13_ the woman with the baby come over?
19、 We have a seat here.Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window.AWould BShallCMust DMay【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：那位抱小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。【点睛】would的用法1.w
20、ould 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。14They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _to our help.A
21、would have come Bcould comeChave come Dhad come【答案】A【解析】试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故A正确。15No student _ go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteac
22、her.Amight BmustCshall Dcould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：未经校长允许，任何学生不得离开学校去吃午饭。might可能；must一定，必须；shall会，将；could能够。本句是一条禁令。shall用于肯定句并且主语是第一、三人称时，表示允诺，警告，劝告等语气。故选C。16Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I dont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to have Bneed
23、to Cneeded to Dneed have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的，但我想我（本来）不需要，因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词not前移，即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”；“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)
24、在”可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选D。17 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didnt you drive him there? I _. But my car _ .Awould; was fixed Bwould have; was fixedCwould have; was being fixed Ddid; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来
25、想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。18Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.Amust Bcan Cshall Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能
26、力），故选B。19-Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.-Well, you_know-you married one.Amight Bwould Cshall Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能，也许；B. would将会；C. shall必须，会；D. should应该。句意：-有艺术修养的人有时很难相处。-你应当知道这一点，因为你结婚那位就是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断，用should。20_ you disturb me now? Im busy preparing a repo
27、rt. Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you.ANeed BShould CMight DMust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词特殊用法。句意：你非要现在打扰我吗？我正在准备一份报告。真对不起，但是我怕有紧急事情告诉你。A. Need需要；B. Should 应该；C. Might也许；D. Must必须；一定；偏偏，非得；根据语境可知must表示“偏偏，非得”符合上下文语境，用来指责对方。故D项正确。21We _ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we
28、 may run out of it.Aneednt BcantCwont Dshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldnt“不应该”，符合句意。neednt不必；cant不可能；wont将不。故选D。22Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.You_it in the wrong place.Amust put Bshould have putCmight put Dmight have put【答案】D【解析】
29、【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的词典在哪里？我记得昨天放在这里了。你或许放错了地方。“might have +动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成的动作。根据所提供的情景Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去，所以要用“might have +动词+ed形式”。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景的矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。故选D。23While it wasnt the go
30、al of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that _ to me during the regular course of business.Amight never happen Bcould never have happenedCshould not happen Dneednt have happened【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的，但我得到了一些新的领悟，那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气，“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去，故此处是与过去事实相反，应用could/might/would/need/should+have done，“本不可能发生”是could never have happened，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气，其常用表达有：could
