1、在职工程硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案十五2013在职工程硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案十五 After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next
2、 day. There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other. Al
3、though your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement If you have trouble falling a
4、sleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep! 1. A good title for this passage is _. A. Sleep C. Dreams B. Good Health D. Work and
5、Rest 参考答案：A 2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means _. A. sick C. asleep B. stand up D. a little sleepy 参考答案：D 3. This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you _. A. dream more often C. nervous B. have poor health D. breathe quickly 参考答案：B 4. During REM, _. A. your eyes m
6、ove quickly C. you are restless B. you dream D. both A and B 参考答案：D 5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is _. A. approximately six hours C. about eight hours B. around ten hours D. not stated here In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In t
7、he schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the
8、 subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctors degree. Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it ca
9、me into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Generally, during examina
10、tions teachers and students are expected to act like machines. One type of test is sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along w
11、ith each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like correct answers to students who have not learned the material properly. 1. In the Middle Ages students _. A. took objective tests B. specialized in one subject C. were timed by electric clocks D. never w
12、rote exams 参考答案：D 2. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that _. A. workers now take examinations B. the population has grown C. there are only written exams D. examinations are now written and timed 参考答案：D 3. The kind of exams where students must select answers are _. A. personal B. spoken C. objective
13、 D. written 参考答案：C 4. Modern industry must have developed _. A. before the Middle Ages B. around the 19th century C. in Greece or Rome D. machines to take tests 参考答案：B 5. It may be concluded that testing _. A. should test only opinions B. should always be written C. has changed since the Middle Ages
14、 D. is given only in factories 参考答案：CIs teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the i
15、nformation and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our country, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers.
16、We hope all children can attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an “important” job. In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be “responsible”. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teacher
17、s salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that “anybody will do” for a teacher. The
18、public expects “quality people” to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers. 1. Before the job of teaching came into being, _ . A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young B. specialists had been i
19、n charge of teaching young people C. young people had had to be self-educated D. the society had played an important role in educating young people 参考答案：A 2. The job of teaching came into being mainly because of _ . A. the development of the society B. the explosion of information C. The need for sp
20、ecialists D. the civilization of human beings 参考答案：C 3. Teachers salaries are raised today in order to _ . A. show the importance of teaching as a job B. attract more qualified people to become teachers C. make teachers “responsible” in their teaching D. improve the quality of public teaching 参考答案：B
21、 4. “Anybody will do” for a teacher means that _ . A. almost all people want to become a teacher B. a teacher is so highly respected that people all want to help him C. a teacher will do whatever he can for his students D. the job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it 参考答案：D 5. We know fro
22、m the passage that _ . A. it is important to be successful in teaching the young B. enough salaries are necessary in making quality people become teachers C. greater progress has to be made in teaching D. teaching is a product of the societys division of labor 参考答案：B Israeli researchers said they ha
23、d identified a naturally produced compound that may explain why only some smokers get lung cancer. Researchers found that smokers with low levels of the enzyme were five to 10 times more likely to develop lung cancer than smokers with the highest levels. The enzyme fixes damage done to DNA by smokin
24、g and other environmental stresses and is one of a large group of repair compounds in the body. Writing in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Zvi Livneh and his colleagues said 40 per cent of the 68 lung cancer patients they tested had low levels of enzyme activity, in contrast to 4 per c
25、ent of a healthy group of 68 people. Non-smokers with the lowest levels of enzyme also had a higher risk of lung cancer, although their overall risk of cancer was much lower than that of the smokers. Lung cancer is by far the biggest cancer killer in the world, killing a million people every year wo
26、rldwide. Smoking is also a major cause of heart disease and stroke. The researchers said the findings needed to be confirmed in larger studies but they may lead to the development of a blood test that smokers could take to determine their personal risk. 209 1. What is Israeli researchers discovery?
27、A. A naturally produced compound B. The possible reason for smokers to get lung cancer C. A kind of new enzyme D. How lung cancer developed 2. According to the author, what is the function of the enzyme? A. Repairing any damage. B. Damage done to DNA. C. Causing environmental stresses. D. Repairing
28、compounds in the body 3. How many people have been tested on levels of enzyme activity? A. five to 10 times more B. 40 per cent C. 68 D. 136 4. The test also show that non-smokers A. had the lowest levels of enzyme B. had a higher risk of lung cancer C. had the risk of cancer as well D. did not have
29、 the risk of cancer 5. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Lung cancer is the biggest killer in the world. B. Smoking may cause heart disease and stroke C. The findings of Israeli researchers have to be confirmed yet. D. Smokers could take blood test to determine their personal risk 参考答案：BDDCA 参考答案：D
