1、中考特殊句式之主谓一致与倒装句 题目：17012，要求：只移动一根火柴使等式成立，注意是等式。主语和谓语保持一致are learning .读书和写字都是学习。Twenty years stands for a long period in ones life.二十年在人的一生里意味着一个很长的时期。Neither his family nor he knows anything about it.他全家人和他都不知道那件事。主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致。A grammar book helps you learn the rules of a language.(主语是单数形式，谓语也采取
2、单数形式Grammar books help you learn the rules of a language.(主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式 1用and 或bothand连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。Both Tom and Lucy like playing games.Walking and riding good exercises.2某些只有复数形式的名词，如p eople, police, clothes, trousers, shorts, shoes, gloves等，只当复数看待，谓语动词用复数。The police are searching for the
3、 thief.My shoes worn out.Here are two novels. One is written in English. The other in Chinese. Is everyone here today.Something wrong with him.None of them seen the film.Either of the boys ready.Neither of these words correct.Each of the pens costs three dollars.Nobody in.3不定代词somebody/thing/one, an
4、ybody/thing/one, everybody/thing/one, nobody, no one, nothing, either, neither, each, the other, another 作主语，谓语动词用单数。4当each .and each., every.and every., no.and no., many a.and many a .结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.Many a doctor and many a nurse busy with their wor
5、k.5动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。T o see to believe.Reading is learning.Doing eye exercises good for your eyes.6由“a lot of, lots of , plenty of, all of, most of, some of, half of, (a part of, rest of 和 分数或百分数名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致。Lots of damage caused by fire.Lots of students waiting outsi
6、de.All of the food is ready.All of the workers working.Part of the work been done by us .Part of the students have gone.T en percent of the apples bad .Three-fourths of the surface of the earthsea. 7a number of 名词复数复数动词the number of 名词单数单数动词a pair/kind of 复数名词单数动词pairs/kinds of 复数名词复数动词A number of b
7、ooks lent out.The number of the studentsten.A pair of gloves is lying on the table.Fifteen pairs of shoes made each day.8当主语后有with, along with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as,besides, including等时, 谓语动词与前面的主语一致。The teacher together with some students visiting the factory.H
8、e as well as I to go boating.Mike, like his brother, playing football. 谓语动词用单数还是复数，要根据主语所表达的概念。1当主语由and 连结时，如是指同一概念，即and 后面无冠词，则谓语动词用单数形式。 The iron and steel industry very important to our life.The writer and teacher is comingThe dancer and singer been invited to the party.2表示金钱、时间、距离、价格或度量衡等复数名词、词组
9、作主语时，通常把这些看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。Three weeks was allowed for making the preparations.TT en pounds missing from the till.3集体名词family, team, group, club, public, audience, crew , crowd, class, company,committee 等作主语时, 谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。表示个体时复数动词表示集体时单数动词His family isnt very large.他家不是一个大家庭。他的家人都是音乐爱好者。4the 形容词作
10、主语，表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。5the 姓氏的复数作主语时，表示一家人或两夫妇，谓语动词用复数。 6one and a half 名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。The old give the place to the new.The Greenspaying a visit in Beijing now.One and a half apples is left on the table. 1以eitheror, neithernor, or, not onlybut also, notbut等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与较近的主语保持一致。Either the players
11、or the coach is responsible for the defeat.Not only he but also all his family keen on concerts.Not you but I to answer for it .2There be & Here be 句型There is a book and two pens on the desk.two pens and a book in the desk.Here a pen and some books on the desk. 1表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down,
12、 away, off等标志词放在句首，谓语是come, go, rush run, 句子用完全倒装。车来了：Here comes the bus.铃响了：There goes the bell.孩子们冲出来了：Out rushed the children.那个男孩离开了：Away went the boy.但如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。Back fought. Up flew . 2副词now , then, thus 引导的句子里，谓语是come, follow, begin, end, be 等。Now comes your turn!Then followed another sho
13、t of gun.Thus ended the meeting. 1含有否定意义的副词或短语如：few ， little ，never ，not ，not until，nowhere ，rarely ，seldom ，hardly / scarcelywhen， no sooner(than， not only(but also，at no time ，by no means 等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。Seldom does he come late.Not until 12 did he go to sleep.No sooner had I come in， the telephone
14、rang.2so/ neither / nor 为标志词放在句首时，句子用倒装。so be (助动词或情态动词 主语。It was hot yesterday ,neither (nor be (助动词或情态动词 主语。I have never been abroad.【特别提醒】“so 主语助动词(或b e 动词 ”表示对上文肯定的内容加以肯定或赞同，意为“的确如此”。 Its raining hard. 天下着大雨。 . 是的，的确如此。“主语did so ”表示：“主语”这样做了T om asked me to go to play football with him and I did
15、 so.T om 要我去踢足球，我去了。3“only 状语(或状语从句 ”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。Only in the way can we win the World Cup.Only then did he know he was wrong.4由as/though引导的让步状语从句中，其基本句式为：A: 形容词/副词/名词as 主语谓语B: 动词原形as 主语情态动词/助动词Old as they were, they stuck to working.Hard as he tried, he couldnt lift the stone.Child as he is, he knows a lot of English.Try as I might, I couldnt lift the stone. 虚拟语气
