1、高一英语上寒假温习自测高一英语（上）假期温习自测一、 阅读理解AWelcome to Glass of Venice, the number one importer and retailer of authentic Murano Glass in the US and one of the top names among Murano Glass retailers worldwide. We work directly with artisans (工匠) from Murano, Italy to bring you the unique centuries old art roote
2、d in tradition and skill. Every item is handcrafted with passion using ancient techniques that made Murano glassmakers world-famous since the 8th century. Now you neednt make a trip to Murano to own an authentic piece of art as beautiful as Venice itself.At the time of mass-produced products that ca
3、rry no special meaning, Murano Glass gives you an opportunity to express your individuality. Every piece is unique.Murano Glass is 100% handcrafted in Venice. Be a part of the centuries-old Venetian tradition!A piece of the artisans heart and soul is captured in every Murano Glass creation. Crafting
4、 Murano Glass jewelry, vases, sculptures and other functional and decorative pieces is a complicated process from silica, minerals, water, and fire. Venetian artisans create masterpieces. The techniques they use are centuries old, and artisans have been trained for many years in their fathers and gr
5、andfathers, workshops before they can attain a revered status of the true master of the craft.Murano Glass masters are not just artisans; they are artists. Ever since Murano glassmakers guild (公会) was established on this Venetian island in 1291, they have been innovating, seeking new methods of crea
6、ting glass, and pushing forward to express new philosophies and artistic visions through glass. This made Murano Glass get its own art form, and it has been recognized at international expositions and top art museums and galleries worldwide. Today the famous glass masters working on Murano Island ar
7、e first and foremost artists, and Glass of Venice is proud to offer artistic masterpieces from top Murano glass workshops.1. What can be inferred about Murano Glass?A. It is made by using modern machines. B. Every piece is made in the US.C. Every piece has a special style. D. It was designed in the
8、8th century.2. The underlined word “revered” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. considerate B. relieved C. complex D. respected3. What were Murano Glass masters devoted to doing according to the text?A. Exploring ways to develop the creation of glass.B. Exporting Murano Glass to many for
9、eign countries.C. Building art museums to show the beauty of Murano Glass.D. Creating a special art form to express their philosophies of life.4. What is the authors attitude to Murano Glass masters works?A. Critical. B. Admirable. C. Cautious. D. Aggressive.BToday we think of Abraham Lincoln as a g
10、reat leader. What most of us dont know is that he was a well-known humorist and storyteller in his day.Lincoln learned to tell jokes and stories from his father. When Lincoln became a lawyer, he used his jokes and stories to gain the good will of the jury (陪审团), and more than once his opposing lawye
11、r would complain to the judge that Lincolns stories were irrelevant and distracting (转移、分心) to the jury. The trouble for them was that Judge David Davis loved Lincolns jokes more than anyone else in the court room.As a politician, Lincoln made excellent use of his humorous stories. His long time pol
12、itical opponent Stephen A. Douglas complained that “Nothing else not any of his arguments or any of his replies to my questions disturbs me. But when he begins to tell a story, I feel that I am to be overmatched.” More than once Douglas and other political opponents of Lincolns saw their well presen
13、ted arguments forgotten by the audience after Lincoln followed up their speeches with a homely story.As the responsibilities of the office of President became greater and heavier, Lincoln used humor to find relief. He wanted to reduce the stresses in himself and those around him. One of Lincolns nei
14、ghbors told that one day, he saw Lincoln walking past with two young shouting boys. “Whats the matter, Mr. Lincoln?” the neighbor asked. “The same thing thats the matter with the whole world,” Lincoln answered. “I have three walnuts, and each one of them wants two of them.”One cannot truly appreciat
15、e Lincoln without understanding his humorous side. He used his jokes and stories both for the purpose of winning over his audience and relieving the pressure he experienced as President during the terrible Civil War.5. When Lincoln was a lawyer, what was his purpose of telling jokes and stories?A. H
16、e wanted to satisfy the judges desire for jokes.B. He wanted to distract his opposing lawyer.C. He wanted to relieve his pressure. D. He wanted to impress the jury.6. What might be Douglas attitude towards Lincolns humorous stories?A. Appreciative. B. Annoyed. C. Concerned. D. Surprised.7. Whats the
17、 purpose of the text?A. To educate. B. To inform. C. To persuade. D. To entertainCImagine looking at something and being able to move it just by using your brain!That is exactly what the new technology called BrainGate can do with the help of a robotic arm,anyway.BrainGate is the idea of Professor J
18、ohn Donoghue and his team of researchers at the Brown Institute for Brain Science,USA. BrainGate is attached directly to the brain. First of all,gold wires are put into the part of the brain that controls movement. These are then connected to a small computer chip(芯片) . When the person thinks about
19、different movements,this creates electrical signals,which are picked up by the chip. After this,the signals that are created by the brain are sent back to a computer,which changes the signals into movements. Finally,the computer uses the robotic arm to carry out these movements. BrainGate can alread
20、y be used to write an e-mail or play computer games,just by brain power.The technology has already cost millions of dollars to develop and when it is available for use,it will probably cost thousands of dollars per person. There are still many challenges ahead for Donoghue and his team. They are cur
21、rently planning a mini wireless version,which will allow people to be connected to the computer at all times. Donoghue also dreams of using this technology to help disabled people who cant move their arms or legs. He plans to connect BrainGate directly to their own paralysed limbs(瘫痪的胳膊或腿) .This wil
22、l mean that the person can control their own body again,without relying on a robotic arm.This research is attracting the militarys (军方的) attention as well. However,it is easy to understand why scientists might be concerned about how thought-controlled machines could be used by the military.8. What d
23、oes the underlined word “These” refer to?A. Movements. B. Thoughts. C. Brains D. Wires.9. What is one of BrainGates disadvantages?A. It needs improvement. B. It produces few movements.C. It is too expensive. D. It is difficult to control.10. How will Donoghue help disabled people?A. By developing a
24、wireless version. B. By replacing their limbs with robotic ones.C. By making BrainGate smaller. D. By attaching BrainGate to their bad limbs.11. What does the military think of thought-controlled machines?A. They could lead to disasters. B. They would face fierce competition.C. They could be useful.
25、 D. They would be in mass production.DA new technology is going to ripe, one that could transform our daily lives, help to form new industries, even remove world economic powers from their present positions. Unlike the wave of industrialization that began in the West and spread later to the rest of
26、the world, the new developments are taking place in research labs all over the globeand Asians are in the forefront. Physicists are creating a new class of materials that display an amazing property unforeseen even two years agosuperconductivity (超导体技术).Used today only in specialized equipment, supe
27、r conductors have the potential to radically change most of the electrical and electronic appliances found in the home, making them smaller, more powerful and efficient. They could free our cities of pollution by replacing petrol and diesel (柴油) vehicles with electric cars, and cut the cost of elect
28、ricity. The new materials do something that even the best of conductors such as copper and silver cannotthey do away with all electrical resistance. The significances for energy storage are great.The technology is in its early stage, still accessible to countries that decide to invest brains and mon
29、ey. For 75 years it had remained little more than a scientific curiosity with limited practical use because the phenomenon occurred only at extremely low temperatures. It was first observed in 1911 by a Dutch scientist named Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, who cooled mercury (水银) to temperatures below -269
30、with liquid helium (氦). Then in January last year, two IBM scientists, K. Alex Muller and J. George Bednorz, found a metal oxide ceramic (氧化陶瓷) that superconducted at -243. Their report went largely unnoticed until last December, when it was confirmed at a scientific meeting in Boston. Today Japan,
31、India, China and other Asian countries all have their share of experts who spend their days and nights in labs, acting as midwives (助产士) to a new technology.12. As is indicated in the passage, the technology of superconductivity _.A. has already been developed B. is still under developmentC. will be
32、 used only in specialized equipmentD. will be used in daily lives in a few years13. The new technology differs from the others in that _.A. it began in the East and spread later to the rest of the worldB. it began in the West and spread later to the rest of the worldC. it is being cultivated in research labs around the worldD. it is accessible to physicists who are intelligent and rich14. From the passage, we may conclude that _.A. Asian scientists gain the lead in the growth of the new
