1、上海市高考英语仿真模拟试题二附答案2020年上海市高考英语仿真模拟试题二（附答案）本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) （略）第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D
2、四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMy college experience included this life-skill lesson: Drink alcohol on a full stomach. Or you will get inebriated too quickly. Of course, most college students shouldnt be drinking at all, but we know from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism that close to 60 percent
3、 of college students aged 18 to 22 do consume alcohol, which makes harm-reducing approaches important.Unfortunately, campus authorities and researchers are reporting a practice that turns the full-stomach drinking strategy on its head: rather than filling up before a night of partying, significant n
4、umbers of students refuse to eat all day before consuming alcohol.This is a high-risk behavior called “drunkorexia,” which is one part eating disorder, one part alcoholisma very dangerous combination for college-age students. The term drunkorexia, which can also include excessive exercise or purging
5、 before consuming alcohol, was coined about 10 years ago, and it started showing up in medical research around 2012. Drunkorexia addresses the need to be the life of the party while staying extremely thin, pointing to a flawed mind-set about body image and alcoholism among college students, mostly w
6、omen.Imagine this scenario: A female college freshman doesnt eat anything all day, exercises on an empty stomach, then downs five shots of tequila in less than two hours. Because theres no food in her system to help slow the absorption of alcohol, those shots affect her rapidly, leading to inebriati
7、on and possibly passing out, vomiting or suffering alcohol poisoning. Thats drunkorexia.Tavis Glassman, professor of health education and public health at the University of Toledo in Ohio, researches drunkorexia and worries about scenarios such as the one described above: “With nothing in her system
8、, alcohol hits quickly, and that brings up the same issues as with any high-risk drinking: getting home safely, sexual assault, unintentional injury, fights, hangovers that affect class attendance and grades, and possibly ending up in emergency because the alcohol hits so hard,” he says.“Alcohol can
9、 negatively affect the liver or gastrointestinal system, it can interfere with sleep, lower the immune system and is linked to several types of cancers,” Hultin says.1. What does the underlined word “inebriated” in paragraph 1 mean?A. excited B. overwhelmed C. addicted D. drunk2. We can infer from t
10、he passage that _.A. a large number of college students spend most of their nights partyingB. some college students refuse to eat before drinking alcohol to keep slimC. There is a direct link between body image and consuming alcoholD. female college student is more likely to be hurt if she drinks al
11、cohol3. Which of the following may Tavis Glassman agree with?A. With more food in ones system, he may suffer from the effects of alcohol slowly.B. Drinking five shots of tequila in less than two hours is the performance of drunkorexia.C. Those who dont attend classes and have lower grades tend to be
12、 addicted to alcohol.D. Alcohol has negative effects on the immune system and may lead to several cancers.BThe first men and women came to Britain over two and a half million years ago. They were hunters and gatherers of food who used stone tools and weapons. But the British Isles only became island
13、s separate from the rest of Europe about 8,500 years ago, when melting ice formed the English Channel!3,000 years after Britain became an island, new tribes who came by boat from the mainland introduced farming. These tribes built earthworks for protection and as tombs for their dead. Many of these
14、man-made hills can still be seen. Later on, people learned to build stone monuments. The most amazing is Stonehenge, a circle of huge stones begun about 4,500 years ago. Stonehenge is the worlds most famous prehistoric monument. We dont know what it meant or what it was used for, though many differe
15、nt suggestions have been made. 3,000 years ago the climate in Britain became colder and wetter than before, and people had to move down from high ground. A bit later iron started to be sued for tools and weapons instead of bronze. Knowledge of ironworking may have been brought by the Celts, a new wa
16、ve of immigrants who started to arrive from southern Europe in about 500 BC. What we know about the first people in Britain has been worked out by archaeologists from the remains they left behind them. Pytheas, a Greek, was the first person who could read and write to come to Britain. His visit was
17、in about 330 BC, over 2000 years after Stonehenge was begun. Unfortunately, what Pytheas wrote has been lost, so we dont have any written record of Britain until the Romans came, almost 300 years after he did!4. This passage mainly tells us _ . A. The dawn of history in BritainB. How English Channel
18、 was formedC. How the British made a living millions of years agoD. When humans appeared on the British Isles5. In this passage “the man-made hill” probably refers to _ . A. The small islands in BritainB. Earthworks for protection and as tombs C. The amazing Stonehenge D. The farms opened up by the
19、first man 6. Why did people move to low ground 3,000 years ago?A. Because iron tools were used for farming B. Because the climate made it unfit for man to live there C. Because more people arrived from southern Europe D. Because the Celts forced them to do so 7. Only after _ do people have written r
20、ecords about Britain. A. the arrival of the Celts B. Stonehenge was begun C. Pytheass visit D. the Romans cameCDuring Amsterdams chaotic rush hour, nine -year-old Lotta Crok cycles to a very busy junction. “Look,” she says. “Theres traffic coming from everywhere. Four trams from four different direc
21、tions. For a child on a bike thats really confusing!”Lotta is the first junior cycle mayor in the world and her working area is the Dutch capital. You would think this challenge would be superfluous in a city known as the bicycle capital of the world. The number of bicycles in Amsterdam is estimated
22、 at 81,000 - more than the citys 850,000 inhabitants - and 63% of the population cycle daily.But children who cycle in Amsterdam face challenges, Lotta says: “The three biggest problems for us are cars, cycling tourists and scooters (小型摩托). The cars take up too much space, the tourists are always sw
23、inging side to side and stop when you least expect it, and the scooters simply run you over.”Lotta became junior cycle mayor in June last year when she won a contest in which school children were asked to come up with plans to make cycling safer and more fun. Her idea was to add childrens bikes to t
24、he popular bike share programme.Since Lotta was appointed junior cycle mayor, she has been busy, giving interviews, opening cycling contests in the city and being a jury (评审员) member during the Amsterdam Light Parade, an event in which Amsterdammers decorate their bikes with lights.She is now planni
25、ng a meeting with the citys mayor to discuss ideas that children have come up with: “One of our proposals is a bicycle park where children can learn how to cycle. Right now, most of us learn a it in the street, which can be quite busy. Another idea is to create an app for tourists to teach them the
26、rules of cycling, because most of them really dont know.”Following the success of the Amsterdam scheme, cycle mayors around the world are now planning to appoint junior colleagues. “They see it works really well,” Boerma, the senior major, says. “I talk to the parents, Lotta talks to the children. A
27、nd if you look at the city through the eyes of a child, you will also make it accessible for others. A city thats good for an eight-year-old is also good for an 88-year-old.”8. Why is a junior cycle mayor appointed in Amsterdam?A. To teach children how to ride.B. To ensure cycling is safer for child
28、ren.C. To give suggestions to the citys mayor on how to run the city.D. To organize the cycling contests in the city.9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “superfluous” in paragraph 2?A. Important B. UnnecessaryC. Difficult D. Valuable10. What has Lotta done since she became the bike ma
29、yor? .A. She has solved the three biggest problems for children cycling in Amsterdam.B. She has won a contest about cycling.C. She has given interviews and been a jury member during a parade.D. She has given proposals to the city mayor.11. Whats Boermas attitude to the junior cycle mayor?A. Cautious
30、 B. FavorableC. Ambiguous D. DisapprovingDGive yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, youll have no trouble answering these questions. Most of us observed much more as children than
31、 we do as adults. A childs day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite si
32、mple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits. The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almo
