1、完整版冠词aanthe以及零冠词的用法及练习详解冠词分为不定冠词( a, an),定冠词( the),和零冠词。一不定冠词( a, an)1.指一类人或事,相当于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.2.第一次提及某人某物,非特指 A boy is waiting for you. 有个男孩在等你。3.表示 “每一”相当于 every ,one We study eight hours a day.4.表示“相同”相当于 the same We are nearly of an age.5.用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或
2、事 That boy is rather a Lei Feng. (活雷锋)6.用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7.用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后 This room is rather a big one.8.用于 so(as, too, how)+ 形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前 success(抽象
3、名词 ) a success(具体化 ) 成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识10.与序数词连用,表示“又一,再一” 。In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language. 为了找到一个更好的工作,他决定再学习另外一门外语。二定冠词( the)1.表示某一类人或物In many places in China, _ bicycle
4、is still _ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the2.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3.表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door?4.用于演奏乐器 play the violin, play the guitar5.用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded6.表示“一家人”或“夫
5、妇” (对比上文的不定冠词用法 5) Could you tell me the way to Johnsons, please? Sorry, we don t have Johnson here in the village.A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /7.用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8.用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9.用
6、于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10.在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990 s(二十世纪九十年代 )11.用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12.用于方位名词,身体部位名词 He patted me on the shoulder.13.与比较级和最高级连用1比较级 + and + 比较级表示“越来越” The harder he works, the happier he feels.2表示两者间“较的一个”比较级前加 the。Who is the older
7、of the tow boys?3三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“ the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般 常有表示比较范围的介词短语。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.三零冠词1.专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2.名词前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3.季节,月份,星期,节假
8、日,一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring4.表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.5.表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess.6.与 by 连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent.A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填7.以 and 连接的两个
9、相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8.表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.四位置冠词一般放在名词之前,名词之前若有形容词,冠词放在形容词之前。下列情况例外:1.不定冠词用于下列副词加形容词之后: as, how, however, so, too 等。如: He is as good a soldier as he was.他和以前一样是个好士兵。2.不定冠词置于 such, what, many, not, too,much of 等之后。 如: Many a little p
10、ickle makes a nickel. 积少成多。3.定冠词通常放在 all, both, double, exactly, just 等词之后。 如: I offered him double the amount , but he still refused.4.不定冠词常用于 quite 和 rather 之后,但如果另有形容词修饰时,不定冠词既可放在第二 位,也可放在第一位,但最常见的仍是第二位。如: She is quite a woman.她真是个女人。It was quite/rather a cold day. 很冷的一天 ( 同 It was a quite/rather
11、 cold day.)5.当名词前的比较级被 no,all,far ,much 等修饰时,也要后置。 如: He is no less a man than the President.6.定冠词要放在 half, twice, much 等之后。 如: He paid twice the price for it. 他花了两倍的钱买了它。7.如果名词被副词 hardly , scarcely, barely, exactly 所修饰,或和一个形容词共同修饰时, 冠词要放在上述副词之后、形容词之前。如: This is hardly a right thing to do. 这几乎是不能做的事
12、。练习C. the; the D. a; a_whole family are supposed to get together.C. the; a D. a; the books I lost last week. 不填; the D. the; 不填good match for your blouse.9.George couldn t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church.A./; the B. the; / C. a;
13、/ D./; a1.D 。take a short break“休息一会儿” , make a call“打一个电话” 。2.D。a special holiday 指“某一个特别的节日” ;the whole family 为特指。3.B 。此题中的 the bed和 the books 都为特指。 the bed 指“所看的床” ; the books 指“所丢 的书”。4.C。 the color 指“你衬衫的颜色” ;a good match泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色” 。5.C 。a Sunday 泛指某一个星期天; at church 为固定搭配,不用冠词,意为“在做礼拜”
14、。6.A。a balanced diet 泛指“一种平衡的饮食” ;make room 为固定搭配,意为“腾出空间” 。7.B8.B。 by sea意为“经海路” ;by the sea意为“在海边” ;表示大陆、大洋等的名词前通常要 加定冠词。9.C 。a泛指“某个” ; at church表示“做礼拜” ,at the church表示“在教堂” 。 类似的词组:特别提示 :当地点名词表示地点时,其前用定冠词;表示在这一地点所发生的活动时,其前 不加冠词。 如:He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to be
15、d. 他睡觉前到 床边给我拿了本杂志。2009年1.(安徽卷) We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the2.(北京卷) The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long the height of 9-story building.A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a3.(江西卷) So
16、me people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in weather around the world.A. 不填 ; the B. the; 不填 C. an; the D. the; a4(. 海南卷) Lets go to cinema-thatll take your mind off the problem for whileA. the; theB. the; aC.a; the D. a ; a5.(陕西卷)What pity that you couldn t be there to receiveA. a;
17、aB. the; aC. a; the6.(四川卷)In order to find better job, he decided to studylanguage.A. the; aB. a; aC. the; theprize!D. the; the second foreignD. a; the7.I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got rough idea of projectplan. (浙江卷)A. the; a B. 不填 ; the C. a ;the D 不填 ; a8.( 辽宁卷 )This area e
18、xperienced heaviest rainfall in month of May.A 不填 ; a B a ; the C the ; the D the ; a1.A. sky 和 world 原本是独一无二的, 但这里前面都有了形容词修饰 ,表示会出现一个什么样 的 sky 和 world, 这里就属于泛指了。2.B. the+名词表示类别,是指 blue whale 这一类动物;第二空用 a 表示泛指。3.A. air pollution 是抽象名词这里是泛指, weather 这里是特指全球的气候,故用定冠词。4.B. go to the cinema 表示具体的某地, for
19、 a while 固定搭配,表示“一会儿” 。5.C. 固定句型 what a pity that ,用不定冠词 a;第二空后名词表示表特指,用定冠词 the。6.B 第一空表示泛指;第二空用 a +序数词 +名词表示又一,再一。7.C 8. C 形容词的最高级用 the;第二空五月这个月表特指用 the。2010年1.(北京卷 )First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.A. a; the B. the; the C.
20、a; a D. the; a2.(福建卷 )It s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai world expo that gives thempleasure.A. 不填, a B. a, 不填 C. the ,a D. a, the3.(江苏卷 )The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walksof life are working hard for new Jiangsu.A. 不填 ; a B. 不填 ;the C. the
21、; a D. the; the4.(辽宁卷 )There are over 58,000 rocky objects in space, about 900 of which could falldown onto earth.7.(浙江卷 )Many lifestyle patterns do such _ great harm to health that they actually speed up_ weakening of the human body.A. a; 不填 B. 不填 ; the8.(重庆卷 )Everything comes with world.1.C 再有一次机会
22、 a second chance给别人留下第一印象, make a first impression,2.B good feeling 并非特指,故用 a; pleasure 是抽象名词,无需冠词。3.A 来自社会各阶层的人不是特指 ,不用冠词; Jiangsu 前有 new 故应加冠词 a,表示一 个全新的江苏。4.B in space 是固定短语,不用冠; earth 属于独一无二的事物,其前必须用 the5.C“某空间内部的前部”时, front 前要加定冠词 the; have a good view 是习惯搭配,表示 “视野开阔,视野良好”之意;6.D most countries
23、此处表泛指, most 前不加定冠词 the. “一个高起点的开始” ,故用 a ,7.B 对有害用短语 “ do harm to”;之后的 weakening 是由动词的 ing 形表示抽象的名词, 表达一种概念、状况时需要加上 the。8.D price 意思是“代价” ,为可数名词,第二空前边有 no,后面的名词不用冠词,2011年1.(新课标卷) It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; 不填2.(大纲卷)
24、 As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.A. the;不填 B. a; the C.不填; a D. the; a【答案】 D【解析】句意:当 Jack 走到前门时,看到了一个奇怪的景象。 the front door 是特指 Jack 所 走过去的门, a strange sight 是泛指,相当于 a certain sight, 起初次介绍的作用。因此选 D。3.(山东卷) Take your time it s just short distance from here to restaurant.A. 不填; the B.
25、a; the C. the; a D. 不填; a【答案】 B【解析】句意:别急从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。 a short distance 短距离,是固定搭配的短语; the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆,故用 the 特指。选 B。4.(江西卷) It s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 year. Right, he will also get paid by week.A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a【答案】 B【解析】前一句句意为:据说 John将会有一份年工
26、资超过 60000 美金的工作,表时间单位 每年,冠词用 a,后一句说没错,他也将会以每周支付的方式得到薪水。 by 后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词 the。5.(浙江卷) Experts think that recently discovered painting may be Picasso.A. the ;不填 B. a ;the C. a; 不填 D. the; a【答案】 D【解析】句意:专家认为,最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。 the painting 特指最近发现的油画; a Picasso意为 a Picasso s painting ,指毕加索的一件作品,有 one 的含
27、义。6.(四川卷) Dr. Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, “ fifth ofpupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge. ”A. 不填; A B.不填; The C. the; The D. a; A【答案】 A【解析】句意:彼得斯宾塞博士这所学校的校长告诉我们, “这里五分之一的学 生会到牛津和剑桥继续深造。 ” 头衔、职位前通常不用冠词,所以第一空不用冠词; a fifth 表示“五分之一” ,故答案为 A 。7.(陕西卷) As is known to all,
28、 People s Republic of China is biggestdeveloping country in the world.A. the ; 不填 B. 不填 ;the C. the ; the D. 不填;不填【答案】 C【解析】句意:众所周知,中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。第一个定冠词 the 用在表示国家的名词前;第二个定冠词 the 用在有形容词最高级修饰的名词前。8.(重庆卷) In communication, a smile is usually strong sign of a friendly and open attitude.A. the, 不填
29、 B. a, an C. a, 不填 D. the, an【答案】 C【解析】 句意: 在交流中, 微笑通常是友好和态度开明的一种明显标志。 第一空 a strong signof 一个的标志, a 此处表泛指; friendly 和 open 共同修饰 attitude,而 attitude 不可数, 不需要冠词;故选 C 。1, A 句意:人们普遍认为男孩必须学会像男人那样勇敢地站起来去战斗。两个空都表示泛 指,因此都填不定冠词 a。2,1.The report said that a bus went out of control on highway south of thecity
30、are rushed into a river.A. the; the B.不填; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填 ; 不填【答案】 D【解析】 go out of control 是固定短语,意思是失去控制 ; south of中的 south 是方位副词, 前面不需要使用冠词。当 south 用作名词时通常与介词一起使用,如 in the south of 。2.Because unemployment is very high at present, its not easy for a fresh graduate to find satisfying job as he w
31、ishes.A. the; 不填 B. 不填 ; a C. an; a D. an; the【答案】 B【解析】 unemployment 是抽象名词,前面不用冠词。 job 是可数名词,用不定冠词泛指“一 个令人满意的工作” 。3.一 My flight was delayed because of heavy rain. But you are just in time for the discussion.A. the; a? B. a; the? C. 不填 ; 不填 D. the; 不填【答案】 D 【解析】引起我的航班延误应该是特指的一场大雨,所以第一空要用定冠词来限定, in time 及时,准时,固定短语。4.I don t think the experiment is failure. At least we have gained experience forfuture success.A. 不填 ; the B. a; the C. a ; 不填 D. 不 填 ; 不