1、高考英语语法易错点30题精讲练专题05 介词解析版2021高考英语语法【介词】易错点30题精讲练解析版专题五 介词与介词短语易错点集锦一、介词的句法功能1.作定语The key to the door is missing. 2.作状语Her eyes were tired from long reading.3.作表语Japan is to the cast of China. 4.作宾语补足语Make yourself at home. 二介词的宾语易错点名词、代词Dont forget to turn off the lights before leaving your classroo
2、m.Dont hide behind others.数 词There was only one piece of cake, but we can cut it into two.The students began to show up by twos and threes.When we went in,we found his room at sixes and sevens.形容词、副词Her pronunciation is far from perfect. His uncle is from abroad.动词-ing形式I succeeded in passing the dr
3、iving test.On arriving in Venice, we knew that it was a city of water.动词不定式The plane is about to take off.宾语从句She got very angry because of what he had said.I am thinking of how I shall do more for the people.疑问词+不定式短语Marx gave us some advice on how to learn foreign languages.They are discussing how
4、 tosellthegoodselsewhere.动词原形His father had nothing to do all day except play cards.介词短语The boy jumped from behind the door. The ball rolled out from under the table.三介词的省略用法易错点1.of的省略The two girls are(of) the same age.2.from的省略Nobody can prevent us(from)getting married. You must stop her(from)telli
5、ng such lies.3.in 的省略He spends nearly half of his monthly income(in)buying books.He wasted time(in)doing nothing.4.on的省略Keep(on)talking amongst yourselves.Ill be back in a minute.四常用介词的用法比较集锦1.表示时间in/afterin十时间段：一般用于将来时after+时间段：一般用于过去时Hell be back in a week. 他一周后回来。He returned after a week. 他一周后回来了
6、。2. 表示时间in/onin表示一段时间on表示具体某天He usually goes to school in the morning. He usually stays at home on Sunday morning. 3. 表示时间for/since/byfor接时间段，一般用于过去时完成时和将来时since接时间点，用于完成时by接时间点，用于完成时He worked in that factory for 20 years. They have lived here for 70 years. She will stay there for two hours. He has
7、made a lot of friends since he came to China. We had learned 30 English songs by the end of last term.4. 表示地点in/at小地方用at大地方用in.He arrived in Beijing at noon. He arrived at a small village before dark. 5. 表示位置关系in/on/toin表示在某范围之内on表示相邻to表示范围之外不相邻Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国北方。Korea lies on
8、 the east of China. 朝鲜在中国东面。Japan locates to the east of China. 日本在中国东面。6. 表示位置、数目above/over/onabove 表示在数目，价格，能力等方面“超过”；在位置方面“在上方”，反义词是 below.over表示数目等“超过”在位置方面“在正上方”，反义词 under.on 表示“在面上”，反义词beneath.The old man must be above 100. 这位老人一定超过了100岁。The text is above me. 这篇课文我理解不了。He used to work in the t
9、ower above the river. The number of the students in our school is over 3,000. There is a bridge over the river. There are some English books on the desk. 7.表示穿过/越过across/through/overacross 表示“横穿一个平面”through 表示“在内部穿过去”over 表示“在上方越过去”He can swim across the river. The forest is too thick for us to go t
10、hrough. The plane is flying over the forest. 8. 表示范围besides/except/except forbesides表示“除了以外，还有”；except表示“只有除外”except for 一般表示“美中不足”Besides Tom,we also went to see the film. (Tom也去了）除了汤姆，我们也去看电影了。We all went to see the film except Tom. (Tom 没去）除了汤姆没去，我们都去看电影了。Your composition is good except for some
11、spelling mistakes. 你的作文很好，只有一些拼写错误。9. 表示范围between/amongbetween 表示“在两者之间”among表示“在三者及三者以上之间”The secret must be kept between the two of us. He waved his hand in order to make himself noticed among the crowd.10. 表示朝向to/at/for 表示“朝”，“向”时，to和go, come, hurry, get等连用at和 throw, shout 等连用for 和head, leave, se
12、t out，sail连用She hurried to the police station. 她匆忙赶到警察局Dont shout at her. Its not her fault. 不要朝她喊叫，不是她的错。He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.他明天去上海11.表示原因的介词(短语)for/ because of/ due to/ thanks to/ owing to/ on account of/as a result of He was shaking with cold.The girl fell ill from eating too litt
13、le.The openair celebration has been put off because of the bad weather.Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.12表示方式或手段with/by/in/on表示使用的工具、手段、材料时，with，by，in，on都译为“用”。with多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官by侧重指使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具in指使用某种语言、笔墨等on 多用于固定短语中 用铅by hand, by means of, in ink, in
14、EnglishWe see with our eyes. We are digging with spades(铁锹）。by air, by car, by bus, by bike , in my car, on the busWill you come to the cinema with us?With time passing by, he has become used to the climate there.The teacher comes into the classroom with some books in his hand.He likes to go to bed
15、with the windows open.13.表示情感或特征of +抽象名词to +情感类名词be of+ 抽象名词=be +adj.be of value=be valuableto ones +名词=to the +名词+of sbto ones surprise=to the surprise of sb.to ones joy, to ones regret, to ones relief, to ones disappointment 五.一些常用介词的用法1.againstHe stood against the door. 他靠着门站着。Are you for or agai
16、nst his plan? 你是支持还是反对他的计划？She saved some money against old age. 她存钱防老。3.byIt will be raining by the time you get there. 你到那时可能正在下雨。He stood still by the river for half an hour. 他一动不动地在河边站了半个小时。She earned her living by selling newspapers. 她靠卖报为生。He entered the room by the back door. 他是从后门进来的。They go
17、t paid by the hour. 他们的工资按小时计。The number of students is larger than last year by 80. 学生数今年比去年多80.2.beyondHer father told her not to be back beyond 10:00 in the evening. My home is just beyond the river. The book is far beyond me. 这本书太难了，我看不懂。4.inHe is dressed in blue today. He wrote his letter in En
18、glish. 他用英语写信。They talked in a low voice. 他们低声交谈。The letter was written in ink. 信是用墨水写的。5.withWould you like to go with me?The little old man with thick glasses is my first chemistry teacher.Please write with a pen. 请用钢笔写。Her face turned red with anger. 她气得满脸通红。He made rapid progress with her help.
19、With these words,he went away. 说完他就走了。六.常用的45个介词短语1.out of place, 2.except for, 3.except that, 4.beyond description, 5.account for,6.on account of, 7.in a way, 8.in particular, 9.in charge, 10.as a result of, 11.in case(of)., 12.be tired of, 13.be proud of, 14.the answer/key to,15.next to, 16.simila
20、r to, 17.due to,18.thanks to,19.popular with, 20.above all, 21on behalf of, 22after all, 23.in terms of, 24.in need of, 25.in favour of, 26.in return, 27.in short, 28.apart from, 29.instead of，30.regardless of, 31.in detail, 32.in general, 33.on purpose,34.in place of,35.in search of, 36.for fear of
21、, 37.in exchange for, 38.in addition to, 39.in spite of,40.in vain,41.beyond reach,42.far from,43.free from, 44by the way,45.be fond ofHis speech is perfect except for pronunciation.The park is beautiful beyond description.The manager had to step down on account of poor health.Take your skates in ca
22、se you decide to go skating.Cathy thought that she had the answer to everything.It can not be measured in terms of money.He went to Paris in search of work as an unskilled labourer.It became obvious that all her complaints were in vain.The projecthadtobeabandonedduetoalack of government funding.Your
23、achievementsaresomething tobeproudof.OnbehalfofthedepartmentIwould liketo thankyou all.Developedcountries,inparticular,shouldbear the responsibility for environmental problems.Thehouseisinneedofathorough clean.Iwouldnt beinfavourofincome taxcuts.Ataclothesswapeventthewomencangiveawayunwantedclothing
24、andgetsomething differentinreturn.Nothingelsematterstohimapartfromhisjob.Ishould havetogive upmyplaceintime,forfearofdoing mymusclesan injury. 七.分词形式的介词用法易错点including/considering/ regarding/concerning/ She writes for many papers,including the Sunday Times.Shes very active,considering her age.She has
25、 said nothing regarding your request.For more information concerning the club contact2021高考英语语法【介词】易错点对点训练30题I.高考真题诊断单句语法填空1.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs,seven to be exact.2.I was searching these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.3.This trend,which was started
26、 by the medical community（医学界） a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.4.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time;before going to university to get a deg
27、ree engineering or architecture.5.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and work.【答案详解】1.of 解析：a pack of 意为：“一群”。2.for 解析：search for “寻找”，为固定搭配。3.as 解析：此处指作为抵抗心脏病的一种方法。as表示“作为”，故填as.4.in 解析：get a degree in “在方面获得学位”
28、，是固定搭配。5.from解析：和and前的to对应，to and from意为“来回”。故填from。II.精选典题介词专题对点训练单句语法填空6.In many places like Britain and Italy, if you leave the house without your wallet, youll be a difficult situation all day.7.Meanwhile, those who are successful and famous have to deal with constant media attention. They are a
29、lso huge pressure to appear young and beautiful.8.The theory of kung fu is based classical Chinese philosophy(哲学)9.The city looked almost the same as it had looked in A.D. 79. There were streets and fountains, houses and shops. There was a stadium 20.000 seats.10.Nowadays, the development of technol
30、ogy, online shopping is becoming more and more convenient.11.The university is famous outstanding academic achievements and the high quality of research undertaken in a wide range of science and arts subjects.12.Another good reason reading books is that it is useful.13.You can also apply a chance to get an informal position related to your desired industry.14.My parents and teachers were surprised my bad performance.15.My experience has taught me that only if we attach great importance cooperation can we go beyond ourselves. 【答案详解】6.in解析：句意：在很多像英国和
