1、老人与海硬汉形象分析An Analysis on Code Hero In the Old Man and the Sea A Thesis Presented to theFaculty of Binhai School of Foreign Affairs Tianjin Foreign Studies UniversityIn Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Artsby Yu AixinMay，2013Contents Abstract (in Chinese) .IAbstract (
2、in English) .III. Introduction 1.1 The introduction to Hemingway.1 1.2 The introduction to The Old Man and the Sea.3 II. Literature review.III. Reflection of Santiagos Characteristics 3.1 Facing the failure optimistically.5 3.2 Strong will in the long fighting.6 3.3 The confidence and courage to ove
3、rcome difficulties.7 3.4 To defend the dignity of human being.8 . Analysis of Santiago is a Code Hero 4.1 The formation of Code Hero.10 4.2 Typical characters of Code Hero.12 4.3 Typical behaviors of Code Hero.12. The significance of Code Hero to modern society.13Conclusion .14References.16 摘 要欧内斯特海
4、明威是美国著名的小说家之一。老人与海是他众多作品中影响最深远的小说，1954年为他赢得了诺贝尔文学奖。小说描写了老渔夫桑迪亚哥孤身一人出海捕鱼的故事。经过两天两夜的生死搏斗，终于捕到了一条大马林鱼。然而大马林鱼却遭到了鲨鱼的袭击，最后只剩下一付巨大的鱼骨架。桑迪亚哥在巨大困难面前，所表现出得勇气和力量，以及履行使命时所体现的超人才智，无不说明他是一位英雄。论文浅析了桑迪亚哥的特殊性格和行为，倡导顽强，坚韧，永不服输的精神。通过对桑迪亚哥的分析，塑造了硬汉形象，深刻体会硬汉精神的现代意义。 关键词：欧内斯特海明威；老人与海；桑迪亚哥；硬汉 AbstractErnest Hemingway is
5、one of the most famous novelists in America. The Old Man and the Sea is the most far-reaching novel in his works, and won Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954. The novel describes an old fisherman, Santiago, sets out to sea alone. After two days and nights struggle, he catches a huge marlin finally. B
6、ut the captured marlin is later destroyed by sharks, and leaves nothing but the bones of the fish. Santiagos courage and strength in the face of tremendous obstacles, as well as wisdom with which he executes his task, make him a hero. The paper will analyze the typical characters and behaviors of Sa
7、ntiago, advocate the spirit of firmness, persistency, and never giving up. Through the careful study on Santiagos characters, reflection on the image of Code Hero will be made, moreover, the significance of Code Hero to modern society is also revealed. Key words: Ernest Hemingway; The Old Man and th
8、e Sea; Santiago; Code Hero I. Introduction1.1 The introduction to HemingwayErnest Hemingway (1899-1961) was born in Oak Park, Illinois, a conservative upper-middle class suburb of Chicago. He was one of the most famous novelists in America. His works have an important influence on development of oth
9、er writings. As a boy he liked football, fishing, and hunting. It is necessary part in his life as important as his writing. He was the son of a doctor and a music teacher. He portrayed his middle-class parents rather harshly for their values and their morality. He began his writing career as a repo
10、rter for the Kansas City Star. At the age of eighteen, he severed as a Red Cross ambulance driver during the First World War, and was sent to Italy, where he was badly injured by shrapnel and experienced at least twelve operations. He recovered in hospital of Milan, where he fell in love with a nurs
11、e, Agnes von Kurowsky. Later, Hemingway created his individual experience in Italy into the great novel, A Farewell to Arms. So many critics generally agree that A Farewell to Arms is Hemingways most accomplished novel. Hemingway returned home in 1919, his parents didnt understand the psychological
12、pain he had suffered during the war, and persuaded him to find a job. He had difficulties in coping with his parents and his friends. The short novel Soldiers Home reflects this conflict. In 1921, Hemingway married his first wife, Hadley Richardson. Then he moved to Paris and was involved with liter
13、ature and artistic circle. He made valuable connection with a group of American and English expatriate writers like F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, and Gertrude Stein. As the journalist and a famous author, he had the high reputation. With the publication of The Sun Also Rises (1962), which describ
14、es the disillusionment for a generation of youth whose early adulthood was consumed by the First World War, he was known as the representative of “the Lost Generation.” Hemingways marriage began to fall apart, and divorced in 1927. He quickly married the second wife, Pauline Pfeiffer. Hemingways fat
15、her, Clarence Hemingway, committed suicide in 1928 after developing serious health and financial problems, and Hemingway engaged in an affair with a woman Martha Gel horn in 1940. Hemingway began to cover the Spanish Civil War for North American Newspaper Alliance in 1937. His novel For whom Bell To
16、lls, based on his experience in Spain, was published in 1940. The novel For whom Bell Tolls is successful, but he did not publish another novel for ten year. Meanwhile, he and Gel horn divorced, and then married Mary Welsh after the Second World War. His writing began to fizzle with his physical hea
17、lth declined. Hemingway did enough energy to write The Old Man and the Sea, which is one of the most famous works of him. A famous writer ever praised The Old Man and the Sea as “the most excellent simple article in this generation.” His novel The Old Man and the Sea was published in 1952, and won N
18、obel Prize for Literature in 1954. Hemingway would like to focus on the image of Code Hero who fights with tragic surrounding life in his novels. The Old Man and the Sea is the last novel in his lifetime. The description of “Code Hero” always appears in his works. Hemingway had four marriages in his
19、 whole life. He experienced miserable and emotional pain so that his works lacked the sense of reality about women. Later, he didnt have strength and courage in fighting with the existence. His heavy drinking increased his health problems. He was more and more depressed and lost confidence to meanin
20、gless world. He committed suicide in 1961 in Ketchum, Idaho.1.2 The introduction to The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man and the Sea is the story of an old fisherman who undertakes a fierce struggle with a huge marlin the greatest catch in life. In a period of time, Santiago has set out to sea alone
21、and returned without a fish for eighty-four days. At the beginning, a boy called Manolin sets out together with Santiago. Later his parents force the boy to leave Santiago in order to fish in a more prosperous boat. On eighty-fifth days of his unlucky stream, the greatest marlin which Santiago has n
22、ever seen takes the bait in the water. Because of the marlins great size, Santiago is unable to pull the fish in, and the two are engaged in a struggle. Santiago fights the huge marlin with his rich fishing experience and skills and endures pain from the fishing line. After two days and two nights s
23、truggle, ultimately the big fish is attached to the boat. As Santiago sails on the water, the marlins blood leaves a trial in the water and attracts sharks. In order to prevent sharks attack, Santiago does his best. Although Santiago kills several sharks by the time night falls, his struggle against
24、 the scavengers is useless. They devour the marlins precious meat, leaving only skeleton, head, and tail. Santiago arrives home before daybreak and sleeps very deeply. He dreams his usual dream of lions at play on the beaches of Africa. The Old Man and the Sea ends on a rather optimistic note, and d
25、escribes the depth of Santiagos tragic fate. Santiago, a representative of Code Hero, suffers terribly throughout The Old Man and the Sea. The author portrays Code Heros grace under pressure through the struggle with the huge marlin and sharks. It can be read on more than one meaning. Hemingway desc
26、ribes this technique as the “iceberg principle”, the simplest writing can hint the greatest human truths. He achieves his effort by relying on symbolisms to many readers. These symbolisms reveal Hemingways moral ideal that glory depends on one should have the pride to see a struggle through to the e
27、nd, regardless of the outcome. Hemingway believes death and destruction are unavoidable in the natural order. Because Santiago struggles against huge marlin and sharks, the creatures of the sea; some readers consider the tale as mans battle against the natural world, more actually, a story of mans p
28、lace in nature. No matter man or marlin is subject to the same rule, they must kill or be killed. The novel suggests it is impossible to escape the natural struggle. It proves Santiagos the image of Code Hero through the effort to struggle the inevitable law. Santiagos character motives him to chang
29、e the destructive forces of nature, and enables him to defend his dignified destiny. The most attracting way is that Hemingway creates these images to link Santiago to Christ, who exemplifies transcendence by turning loss into gain, defeat into triumph, and even death into life. Santiago chooses endurance, and his determination is nearly Christ-like
