1、存储测试系统的设计理论测控技术与仪器类中英文翻译外文翻译Design theory of stored testing and measuring system and its realization in dynamic data measurement of missileBeijing Institute of TechnologyStored testing and measuring is a kind of dynamic test technology wherein micro data recording gauge is embedded in the object to
2、be measured in the condition that there is no or allowable effect on it. The information is collected and memorized at the spot in real time. The recording device is recollected and computer is used to process the measured information. The key to realize dynamic stored testing and measuring lies in
3、developing of stored testing and measuring system (STMS) that can work normally in the testing environment and have either no effect on the object to be measured or the effect is in the allowable range.The definition, character, application field and basic elements are studied systematically. The ov
4、erall review of research and development situation in home and oversea is given. During Ph.D candidate studying period, the author has presided over the development of data-recording devices used on 60 channels dynamic data testing and measuring (TM) during atmosphere-reentering of intercontinental
5、ballistic missile (ICBM) warhead, intelligent missile blockbox used on dynamic data-recording of certain heavy anti-tank missile flight, anti-warship missile slip track flight fuse data testing and measuring system, cannon shoot missile ball cartridge flight data-recording device, STMS of inner over
6、loading curve of penetrative pill and ball chamber. Based on these experiences the author analyses thoroughly the inner rules of testing and measuring technology and summarize the design concept and design rules in a philosophical view. The design principles that can conduct the engineering practice
7、 of STM are established, which make the design of STMS optimized in a logical and rational way.The STMS researched in the paper mainly used in the special environment with the following attributes: (1) transient single process; (2)multi-parameter interrelation, strict time-relation and the need of p
8、recise measuring simultaneously; (3) analogue and digital information, high range transient signal and micro range slow-change signal exist simultaneously (the range difference greater than four orders and both the amplitude-testing and the process-recording is needed); (4) bad testing and measuring
9、 environment, for example, high temperature up to 3000, high press up to 1000Mpa, 100,000g strong impact vibration , high rotate speed and strong magnetic disturbance; (5)the measured system is high-technology product with expensive test (up to tens of millions RMB for one experiment); (6) small tes
10、t space (no disturbance to the tested system is required and effect be smallest); (7) difficult to recovery; and so on.After systematically studying many of the STMS examples, the design theory and ten microscopical design principles of STMS are presented. They include realizability of working princ
11、iple, recollectability of testing and measuring data, matching and/or harmonizing, compatibility, environment-adaptability, reusing and calibrationability, flexible design, modularization design, optimizing and trade-off of technology schemes. The conception of state design of STMS is firstly presen
12、ted. The basic conceptions (for example, STMS state, state variable, state space, state net, state assemble and state chain) are defined, followed by studying of state assemble, establishing of state chain and/or state net design principles and methods. Further, their application scope and typical a
13、pplications are illustrated. The time power factor theory and the mathematics description of system state and its transformation are presented.Considering STMS as an information transmission system, the information transmission model of it is established. The testing and measuring information flow,
14、equivalent information transmission model and noise model are analyzed. From the information transmission view, the similarity between STMS and Shannon communication system is compared to establish the theory basis for studying TM channel by application information theory.Quantify algorithmic defini
15、ng information of measured signal that make use of entropy and entropy power has been presented, including TM channel capacity principle, the maxim interinformation principle and information rate distortion principle. Channel capacity of continuous analogue signal TM and anti-disturbance capacity li
16、mitation. The relation equation between STM channel transmission information and signal energy as well as TM channel anti-disturbance capacity limitation equation is established. The optimization analogue signal TM channel is presented, based on analysis of channel frequency character and informatio
17、n entropy, the maxim SNR condition of TM channel and the condition wherein both the minim TM channel output waveform and the maxim SNR condition are obtained. In the design of TM channel information the conception of distortion and rate distortion is introduced, moreover, the calculation equation of
18、 TM channel information rate distortion function is established.STMS digital signal TM channels are composed of one or more duality signal channel. In the paper, the digital test channels are synthesized as a combinaiton of “Z” channel and the channel of symmetric disturbed information. The basic ch
19、annel and channel capacity as well as caculaiton of channel overlap probability are researched. Moreover, the information channels capacity and the best channels layout of test instruction channels and test data channels are discussed.Sampling and quantizing are the most important technology in STMS
20、, which is related to information obtaining quality and STM precision. In common sampling TM system, the sampling frequency setup is inclined to be high (especially while the measured object is not known clearly) in order to obtain enough data. Thus, there is much information redundancy. Real time i
21、nformation compression technology must be developed so that more information that is useful can be recorded in the limited memory (reversely, the STMS cost can be reduced since the needed memory capacity is compressed).According to the attribute of the measured signal, the TM requirement, working en
22、vironment and so on, the basic problems of STM sampling design are researched. Four STM sampling strategy (uniformity sampling, automatic subsection uniformity sampling, programmable self-adaptive subsection uniformity sampling and self-adaptive sampling) are presented. The algorithm of zero order a
23、nd one order predictable self-adaptive sampling is introduced in detail. The source of sampling error and the method to avoid it are analyzed and researched.Two kinds of sampling signal quantizers (uniformity and ununiformity) are presented. The information rate distortion function of the uniformity
24、 quantizer and the SNR algorithm are established. The signal capacity and multi-channel information TM principle is researched. The alternative principle of ADC multi-channel transducer is presented.Information can be stored in magnetic memory dielectric (MMD) or semiconductor CMOS memory. The latte
25、r is commonly used in STMS due to complex control, large volume and low anti over-loading ability of MMD. Information memory subsystem in STMS is studied and designed. Moreover, information memory effective principles are presented, including: (1) Designing memory controller in term of sampling sequ
26、ence and recording mode. (2) For address generator composed of serial counter, the propulsion of address is done by the rising edge of WR signal. (3) Reducing memory sub system transmission time as possible as one can or making the CMOS memory operation during transmission invalid.Based on study of
27、the information compression principle, two information compressive storing algorithms are presented. One is the algorithm of finite span error limitation used in real time dynamic data collecting. The computer simulation shows that the algorithm is very effective in real-time data compression and st
28、orage (data compressive ratio up to 13.6 and memory space save up to 92%). The other is data model compressive algorithm based on dynamic data modeling. Error tolerence technology and redundancy design of STMS are also researched.The double-circle-recording principal and method for improving reliabi
29、lity in measuring transient signals is illustrated. The essential technologies of STMS, including three-micro technology (microvolume, micropower, micronoise), anti high over-loading technology and interface technology etc. are discussed in detail.DF-5A missile is a kind of middle/long distance stra
30、tegy nuclear missile. It is a necessary task in missile system research to test and measure missile ball cartridge flight dynamic data. In the past, dynamic data of missile system are obtained by the wireless remote test system and magnetic tape recording device. Since plasma intermit section is “bl
31、ack area” of wireless system, missile dynamic data cant be recorded by wireless remote test. Memory resending wireless remote test can be used to obtain “black area” data, however, only limited dynamic data before the missile head contact the ground can be obtained since missile head approach the gr
32、ound quickly after leaving the “black area”. The other method is micro magnetic tape device on board, but the device operation is complex and the reliability is low.Under the instruction of principle mentioned above, dynamic STMS for a new strategy missile full ballistic trajectory is developed. Wit
33、hout the complex operation of traditional magnetic tape recording devices before blasting-off, the STMS can both inspect 60 channels dynamic data from distance far to 300m and complete inspection and store of missile head system data without dismounting the missile. The device can precisely do the testing and measuring task while the missile head reenter atmosph
