1、高考真题英语北京卷解析2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷) 第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例：Its so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats more B. Thats to sayC. In other words D. Believe it or n
2、ot答案是 D。21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _ plants can spread to new places.A. so B. or C. for D. but【考点】考察连词辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的连词都是常见的连词。So于是（强调上下文因果关系）；or或者；for由于，因为（起补充说明作用）;but但是（表示转折）；句意：一些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方，于是植物就传播到了新的地方生长了。上下文之间是因果关系。故A正确。【试题延伸】连词辨析主要考虑上下文之间的逻辑关系，特别注意句子结构的差
3、别。【举一反三】Someone wants you on the phone. _nobody knows I am here.A. Although B. And C. But D. So 【答案】C【考点】考察连词用法。【解析】前半句为：有人给你打电话；后半句为：没有人知道我在这儿，根据句子意思可知前后两句明显为转折关系，因此选C。22. -Hi, lets go skating. - Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fill B. have filled C. am filling
4、 D. will fill【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】句意：喂，我们五滑冰吧！对不起，我现在很忙，我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行，正在发生的事情，所以使用现在进行时。故C正确。【试题延伸】时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态，在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。【举一反三】I hear you in a pub. whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A.are w
5、orking B.will work C.were working D.will be working【答案】A【考点】考查动词的时态。【解析】句意为“我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？咳，这是份辛苦活，老感到累，不过我不介意。”对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选A。23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. A. by B. inC. for D. until【考点】考察将来时和介词使用【答案】B【解析】本题的关键是the
6、train to the airport leaves火车将要离开；在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。故B正确。24. _carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.A. Observe B. To observeC. Observed D. Observing【考点】考察祈使句【答案】A【解析】句意：当你在实验室做实验的时候，要仔细观察是否发
7、生变化。本句实际上是一个祈使句，表示老师对于学生做实验的要求。在动词原形observe的前面省略了句子的主语you。在when的后面省略了you are。因为有when这个连词，使用when前面必须是一个句子，BCD三项都不能引起句子。故A正确。【举一反三】_ at the door before you enter my room, please.A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock www.【答案】A【考点】祈使句考点，用动词原形。25. Last night, there were millions of people _ the ope
8、ning ceremony live on TV.A.watch B. to watchC. watched D. watching【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】D【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的现在分词短语做定语的用法，因为动词watch与前面的名词millions of people构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语。本句中的watching the opening ceremony live on TV相当于定语从句who were watching the opening ceremony live on TV.同时本句只是一个简单句，已经有了一个主谓结构了。句意：昨天
9、晚上有成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。故D正确。【举一反三】The lecture, _ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started【答案】A来【考点】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】根据last night可知start已经发生，故排除C、D（不定式常表将来），B（being done）一般表进行，也排除。非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态 现在分词作定语 2
10、6. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _ my classmates recommended to me.A.who B. which C. when D. Where【考点】考察定语从句【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the book Sherlock Holmes，在定语从句中which指代先行词作为定语从句中的动词recommend的宾语。CD两项是关系副词，不能在句中做宾语，只能做状语。A项who的先行词通常都是指人的名词。句意：上个星期我从图书馆里借了福尔摩斯诡异，这是
11、我的同学推荐给我的。故B正确。【试题延伸】非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，起前后都需要用逗号隔开。需要注意which引导的非限定性定语从句是用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。在非限定性定语从句中，关系词不能用that。【举一反三】The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.wA.which B.what C.that D.wh
12、ere答案A考点考查非限制性定语从句解析which引导非限制性定语从句, 指代先行词the Science Museum, 同时又在从句中作visited的宾语。where为关系副词, 不能作宾语；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句。来源*:&27. _ I have a word with you? It wont take long. A. Can B. MustC. Shall D. Should来【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可
13、以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。根据句意可知本题使用can I？表示询问对方是否允许。如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。28. There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solving B. solved C. being solved D.to be solved【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词的基本用法。现在分词doing表示主动或者正在进行的动作；过去分词done表示被动或者已经
14、完成的动作，不定式to do 表示主动或者将要发生的动作。句意：在我们准备在月球上长期生活之前，还有很多问题有待于解决。根据句意可知很多问题还没有被解决，都是未来将要发生的事情，所以使用不定式。而这些问题又是要被解决的，所以使用不定式的被动语态。故D正确。【举一反三】Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _ to achieve the final success. A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do来【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】因为work与do为被动关系，而need后
15、表被动用-ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，故选C。谓语与非谓语动词 不定式的被动语态 作宾语 短语need to be done。29._ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. A. As B. When C. Even though D. In case【考点】考察状语从句连词辨析【答案】C【解析】本题的状语从句连词都是常用的连词。As由于，因为；随着；when当时；even though即使，尽管；in case以防；句意：即使那个森林公园很遥远，但是每年都有很多游客到那里参
16、观。根据句意可知上下文之间有转折关系，所以使用even though表示让步转折关系。故C正确。30. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.A. where B. whenC. how D. why【考点】考察名词性从句【答案】B【解析】本题属于名词性从句中的表语从句。句意：对这位球星来说最好的时刻就是他射门得分的时候。Where表示地点，how表示方式，why结果；只有when表示的是时间。故B正确。【试题延伸】表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相
17、当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。连接表语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when .)。that引导表示陈述句的表语从句，if和whether，whether.or not引导表示“是否”，引导一般疑问句。连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问
18、外，也可以指陈述。连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.【举一反三】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why【答案】D【考点】考查表语从句。【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is.”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。31.- Wha
19、t time is it?- I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you.A. check B. checked C. will check D. would check【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是will的一个特殊用法。句意：现在几点了？我不知道。可是请你稍等，我现在就帮你看一下。根据句意可知不可能是过去发生的事情，排除BD项。我为你去看时间属于将要发生的事情，所以使用will表示临时决定要做某事。故C正确。32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when
20、 I arrived. A. started B. was startingC. would start D. had started【考点】考察时态【答案】D【解析】句意：我发现这个报告很难懂，因为当我到的时候，它已经开始了。根据句意可知这个报告是在我到达之前就开始看，而句中我到达使用了arrived，而报告是在这之前发生的，所以使用过去完成时。故D正确。【举一反三】Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach t
21、o relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be答案C.考点考查时态题.解析我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时.33.Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever.C. whereever D. however【考点】考察名词性从句【答案】A【解析】本句考察的是“特殊疑问词+ever”引导的主语从
22、句。句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BCD三项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语。故A正确。【举一反三】She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever答案C考点名词性从句的引导词。解
23、析句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵, 我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。句中缺少宾语, 选项中只有whatever符合句意可引导宾语从句作动词do的宾语并在从句中充当动词take to的宾语。 答案C。34. We _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A. are B. were C. will be D. would be【考点】考察虚拟语气【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是if条件状语从句的虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反时，条件句中使用“一般过去时/were”，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：如果你没有把地图丢了，我们现在就会
24、在宾馆里了。根据从句的did可知本句是与现在事实相反，故D正确。【试题延伸】条件句的虚拟语气是考查的重点。如果过去事实相反，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句使用“情态动词+have done”;如果主句与现在事实相反，条件句中使用过去时，be动词使用were,主句中使用“情态动词+动词原形”；如果与将来事实相反，条件句中有三种：过去时；were to do ;should+动词原形，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”；要特别注意如果省略了if，句子要使用部分倒装的形式，把助动词，be动词，情态动词提之主语前。【举一反三】Grace doesnt want to move to New York bec
25、ause she thinks if she there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. Were to live【答案】D【考点】 考查情态动词。【解析】在表示将来的情况下，主句中第一人称可用should，其他人称用would；从句中任何人称都用should,不可用would.此处were to live用于虚拟语气，表示与将来的事实相反。来35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he c
26、an go shopping without _.A. recognizing B. being recognizedC. having recognized D. having been recognized【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】B【解析】在非谓语动词中，介词的后面常常接动名词做宾语，所以本句中的介词without后面接动名词。句意：这位电影明星带着太阳镜，因此他可以去买东西而不被认出。根据句意可知使用的是动名词的被动语态形式。故B正确。第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最
27、佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan、 The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page. All I k
28、new was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with american kids. I looked down at this 38 girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her. But how could I help her 39 in
29、 with us? There had to be a 40 . One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had 41 her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) 42 copy. I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming 43 show. So, I took her to see the art te
30、acher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “why, its wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted 45 the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just dont have enough 46 . Could you help me, Suzy?On the day of the talent show, Suzys 47 were everywhere - all over the hall and all over the school, each one different. “And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n)_48_ award. Im sure youve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students 49 them.” I could hear everyone whispering. “Who
