1、高考英语大一轮复习第1部分基础知识考点Units35考点突破练新人教版选修I2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习第1部分基础知识考点Units35考点突破练新人教版选修(I).阅读理解AWeather experts said this year could be one of the strongest El Nino events in recorded history.El Nino means severe weather conditions in parts of the world.In eastern Africa，for example，Kenya and Uganda a
2、re preparing for possible flooding.Yet South Africa and Malawi are already dealing with extremely dry weather.El Nino is Spanish for “the child”It usually begins in December，near the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ.In fact，the weather event was named in his honor.El Nino develops when winds
3、 off the west coast of South America weaken.This permits warm water in the western Pacific to expand toward the east and the Americas.At the same time，clouds and rain over the warm water move east，too.El Nino conditions normally appear only about twice every 10 years.Usually，El Nino conditions conti
4、nue for about 12 to 18 months.They bring warm weather to some areas.These areas bee wetter than normal，while others bee drier.The United Nations Childrens Fund warns that many people are at risk from hunger，disease and water shortages resulting from El Nino.In east and southern Africa up to 11 milli
5、on children could be affected.East African countries usually experience heavy rainfall during the El Nino.Southern Africa usually has little rainfall，which may lead to wildfires or drought (干旱)Weather changes caused by El Nino depend on the strength of the condition.In the early 1980s，strong El Nino
6、 was linked to dry weather in Australia and Asia，rain and flooding in South America and high temperatures in many parts of the US.Ten years later，smaller El Nino caused trouble in parts of the US.It caused severe floods in the Southeast and the Middle West.Tom Di Leberto is a meteorologist (气象学家) at
7、 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Washington，D.C.He said this year could be the third strongest El Nino on record.But we will not know for sure until all the weather records are examined.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，题材为科普环保类。气象专家表示今年可能经历有记录以来最为强烈的厄尔尼诺之一。1The author writes the text to tell us_A
8、many countries are preparing for the ing floodsBAfrica will probably suffer a lot from this years El NinoCthis year could be one of the strongest El Nino on recordD11 million children could be affected by this years El Nino答案C目的意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要向读者介绍气象专家表示今年可能经历有记录以来最为强烈的厄尔尼诺之一。2The second paragraph i
9、s mainly about_Awhat El Nino actually meansBhow El Nino es into beingCwhen El Nino will occur next timeDwhy El Nino causes weather changes答案B细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，本段主要向读者介绍厄尔尼诺现象是如何形成的。3Which of the following countries often suffers from flooding caused by El Nino?AKenya. BMalawi.CAustralia. DSouth Africa
10、.答案A细节理解题。根据文章第一段In eastern Africa，for example，Kenya and Uganda are preparing for possible flooding及第三段East African countries usually experience heavy rainfall during the El Nino可知，东部非洲国家通常在厄尔尼诺期间遭受暴雨。肯尼亚和乌干达正在准备迎接可能到来的洪水。4The author mentioned the 1980s El Nino and the 1990s El Nino to_Aexplain why
11、so many countries were affected by El NinoBprove weather changes caused by El Nino depend on its strengthCargue that El Nino conditions usually appear about twice every 10 yearsDshow scientists doubt whether this year will have the strongest El Nino答案B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，厄尔尼诺导致的气候变化取决于该现象的强度。之后又举例说明了这一
12、点，故选B。BNearly everyone has bad habits.Thats because，try as we might，bad habits are hard to break.On the other side，good habits，such as eating more healthfully or exercising regularly，never seem to stick.As a result，most people throw up their hands and surrenderBut now a new book，Better Than Before:
13、Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives by best-selling author Gretchen Rubin，offers some useful solutions.Rubin，who became interested in habits during her research on happiness，which resulted in two popular books，The Happiness Project (xx) and Happier at Home (xx)，found that our inability to mas
14、ter unwanted behaviors was a major downer (令人沮丧的因素)So，after guiding millions of readers down the path of true contentedness，Rubin turned her investigative skills toward habits.Her most important find? Change is possible if we do some soul searching and identify how we respond to expectations.And，jus
15、t about everybody falls into one of four personality categories：Questioners，Obligers，Rebels and Upholders.Rubin believes herself to be a classic Upholder，someone who forms habits relatively easily because she responds well to both other peoples deadlines and her own.As to the other types，Questioners
16、 will only form a habit if it makes sense to them; Obligers work hard to meet other peoples expectations but often let themselves down.And Rebels resent (反感) habits.“Think about the habit that you want to form and then think: Whats everything I could do to set myself up for success？” says Rubin.For
17、example，if you want to exercise more and youre an Obliger，call your friend who lives across the street and meet at 6：30 every morning for a walk.One mon pitfall (陷阱)，says Rubin，especially when it es to changing your diet，is lack of clarity (清楚)“You cant make a habit out of eating more healthfully，”
18、she says.Instead，your habit should be something like: “Im going to pack a lunch every day and bring it to work instead of eating out.”As for exercise，Rubin remends a strategy called pairingcoupling two activities，one that you need or want to do and one that you dont particularly want to do.Rubin，for
19、 example，only allows herself to read magazines while on fitness equipment at the gym.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了改掉坏习惯、培养好习惯的方法。5What does the underlined word “surrender” in Paragraph 1 mean?ACatch up. BSettle down.CGive up. DCalm down.答案C词义猜测题。由第一段中的bad habits are hard to break.good habits.never seem to stic
20、k.As a result，most people throw up their hands可推断，画线词的意思是“放弃，投降”。6Why did Rubin start to study habits?ABad habits make people unhappy.BGood habits make people successful.CShe used to suffer from some bad habits.DHer two books about habits sold quite well.答案A推理判断题。由第三段中的Rubin，who became interested in
21、 habits during her research on happiness及found that our inability to master unwanted behaviors was a major downer可推断，Rubin之所以开始研究习惯，是因为她在研究快乐的时候发现坏习惯是导致人们不快乐的主要原因。7Which kind of people try to meet other peoples expectations instead of theirs?ARebels. BObligers.CUpholders. DQuestioners.答案B细节理解题。由第五段中
22、的Obligers work hard to meet other peoples expectations but often let themselves down可知。8The pairing strategy_Acan help people have a healthy dietBis used to make people more efficientCencourages people to enjoy themselvesDforces people to do something necessary答案D推理判断题。由最后一段中的pairingcoupling two act
23、ivities，one that you need or want to do and one that you dont particularly want to do及所举例子可推断，这种策略强迫人们做一些自己不喜欢但很必要的事情。.完形填空I got a new pair of eyeglasses recently.Because stigmatism (散光) had started to mix with my nearsightedness，making things a little bit_1_It has taken me several days to get used
24、to the new _2_While it was great seeing clearly at a_3_again and wonderful being able to _4_ a book without it being an inch from my face，the bination lenses(组合镜片) were a(n) _5_ for me.The problem was that whenever I was _6_ something far away，I had to keep my eyes up，_7_ I would get a wave of blurr
25、iness(模糊) when I accidentally looked through the reading part of the lenses.I am _8_ that my eyes are now getting used to the new glasses.It is no _9_ living in an unclear world.I really _10_ the help of the new glasses.I am grateful for this new pair of glasses for another _11_ too.They have taught
26、 me a(n)_12_ that I will hold close to my heart forever: Whenever you _13_ to see the road ahead clearly，look up! Too often in my life I have kept the eyes of my soul looking _14_ to the ground.When I did，the world seemed like a _15_，unclear，and depressing place.When I raised those eyes，my _16_ alwa
27、ys became clear.I saw that life is good and when I help others，I make it even _17_I saw that no matter what each day may throw at me，I can _18_ it with a loving heart and a joyful spirit.Whenever your life seems _19_or helpless，just look up! Whenever you arent sure what you should do，look up! Open t
28、he eyes of your soul and _20_ clearly just how much God loves you and just how much you can love as well.【语篇解读】作者配了一副新的眼镜，花了好几天才适应这副眼镜。从这件事上，作者明白了一个很重要的人生哲理。1A.unusual Bimpractical Cunclear Dplicated答案C根据上文“Because stigmatism had started to mix with my nearsightedness”可知，因为散光加近视，所以看不清楚。2A.culture Bp
29、air Ctemperature Dhouse答案B“我”花了好几天时间才适应这副新眼镜。3A.distance Btime Cglance Dspeed答案A戴上这副眼镜后，远处的物体“我”又可以看清楚了。4A.write Bpublish Ctranslate Dread答案D根据下文“a book without it being an inch from my face”可知，有了眼镜，“我”看书时不再需要把书放在离“我”脸一寸远。5A.experiment Bforce Cchallenge Dchoice答案C根据下文“The problem was that”可知，尽管有了这副眼
30、镜“我”可以看清楚了，但是还需要适应，这对“我”来说仍是个挑战。6A.listening to Btalking about Cthinking of Dlooking at答案D无论什么时候，“我”想往远处看的时候，“我”都必须向上看。7A.otherwise Bhowever Ctherefore Dmeanwhile答案A根据该空上下文可知，otherwise符合语境。8A.glad Bconvinced Cconfident Dlucky答案A根据下文“my eyes are now getting used to the new glasses”可知，“我”很高兴“我”适应了新眼镜。
31、9A.use Bfun Cdoubt Dwonder答案B生活在一个模糊的世界里很无趣。10A.find Baccess Cappreciate Drefuse答案C根据第三段“I am grateful for this new pair of glasses”可知，“我”很感激这副眼镜对我的帮助。11A.option Breason Cmethod Dsuggestion答案B“我”对这副眼镜充满感激还有另外一个原因。12A.truth Bsong Cidea Dlanguage答案A根据下文的叙述可知，戴这副眼镜让“我”懂得了一个道理。13A.enable Bmanage Cagree Dneed答案D根据“to see the road ahead clearly，look up！”可知，无论何时你需要看清前方的路时，你就向上看。14A.forward Baround Cdown Dback答案C根据下文第四段“When I raised those eyes”可知，以前，“我”只顾向下看。15A.beauti
