1、高考英语专题复习试题话题二十 文化交流与社会礼仪话题二十文化交流与社会礼仪1actv行动；充当；起作用；对有作用，有影响n行为，行动；法案；一幕；一段表演actas充当；担任2advisev劝告；忠告；提出建议；通知advisesb.todosth.劝告某人做某事advisesb.against (doing) sth.劝告某人不要做某事3affectvt.影响；感染；打动beaffectedtotears感动得流泪4astonishvt.使惊讶astonishingadj.令人惊讶的astonishedadj.感到惊讶的astonishmentn惊讶；吃惊5attackv&n.攻击；袭击；抨
2、击；侵袭underattack遭到袭击；遭到抨击6banvt.禁止；取缔n禁令；谴责bandoingsth.禁止做某事bansb.from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事7changev变换；改变；交换；兑换n变化；零钱change.into.把变成change.for.替代；替换8distinguishv区分；分清；成为的特征；使有别于distinguish.from.(distinguishbetween.and.)使区别于；区别和bedistinguishedfor因而出名9embarrassvt.使窘迫；使尴尬beembarrassedat/about因感到尴尬embarr
3、assingadj.令人不安的；令人尴尬的toonesembarrassment令某人尴尬的是10encouragev鼓励；激励；促进encouragesb.todo.鼓励某人做11exchangen交换；互换；交流；兑换v交换；交流；兑换exchangeAforB拿A换Binexchange (for) 作为(对的)交换12harmn&vt.伤害，害处doharmtosb.dosb.harm伤害某人Thereisnoharmindoing.做无害处。13honourn尊敬；崇敬；荣幸，光荣vt.尊敬；敬重inhonourof为了表示对的敬意；为了纪念havethehonourtodo/ofd
4、oing.有幸做Itsanhonourtodo.很荣幸做14mannern方式；方法；态度；举止pl.礼貌；礼仪ina.manner用方式Itsgood/bad manners to do.做有/没有礼貌。15peacen和平；平静；安静；和睦inpeace安静地atpeace处于和平状态16respectvt.尊重n尊重；敬意；问候；方面inrespectof/withrespectto关于outofrespect出于尊敬have/showrespectfor尊敬；尊重；重视17significancen重要性；意义beofsignificance重要的18before短语、句型before
5、long不久后longbefore很久以前Itwas/will be时间段before.过了多久才/多久之后才Itwontbelongbefore.不久就19but短语nothingbut只是；仅仅anythingbut根本不；决不cannotbutdo.只好；只能not.but.不是而是20catch短语catchon学会；(思想、服饰等)受欢迎，流行起来；(被)接受；理解，了解catchoneseye吸引某人的注意catchsb.doing.发现某人在做.单句语法填空1Wemustappointapersontoactsecretary.2Patientsareadvised(cut) d
6、ownontheirconsumptionofalcohol.3Shewasaffectedtearsbyhisstory.4Shecaughthim(smoke) acigarette.5Imthinkingofchangingmycarabiggerone.6(distinguish) forhisknowledgeofeconomics，hewaselectedasheadoftheeconomicschool.7Itwas(encourage) thatherecognizedthedangersthecompanyfaced.8Thenewdiscoveryisofgreat(sig
7、nificant) tothiscityseconomy.9Itisgreathonourformetotellyousomeinformationrelevanttothelocallife.10Thegovernmenthascomefierceattackforitsdecisiontoclosethefactory.11TheChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtoban(smoke) inpublicplacesacrossthecountry.12isnoharminwritingdownyournameontheform.13“Weresopleasedtome
8、etyouatlast，”hesaidina(respect) toneofvoice.14Itis(embarrass) thatourstreetsaresodirty.15willbethreeyearsbeforethesepeachtreesbegintobearfruit.按要求完成句子1Hewasrespectedbyeveryoneanddecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothecountry.(用with复合结构改写)2Hewasaffectedbythefailureintheexamandlostheart.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)3他用
9、一个苹果换我一块蛋糕。(一句多译)(exchangen)(exchangev)4Ifeelhonouredtobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.(用it作形式主语改写)5对所发生的事情一无所知，这让他很难堪。(一句多译)(embarrass)(embarrassment)(一)阅读理解Iwroteabusinessplantheotherday.Igaveittomyhusbandforsuggestions.Afterreadingit，hesaid，“Idontthinkthisisuptoyouru
10、sualstandards.”Isaid，“Ineedmoreinformation.Whatdoesntwork？”Hesaidhewasntsure.Ithentooktheletterandrereadit.Heasked，“HowaboutifIlookatitagainandmakenotesbetweenthespace？”Iagreed.AhalfhourlaterIlookedathisnotesandtoldhimhedidntunderstandthesituationandwhatIreallywantedtoexpress.Heshrugged (耸肩) andsaid
11、OK.Itooktheletterandwentbacktomycomputerandagainrevised.AsIwaswriting，Icouldseemyletterimprovingbasedonhissuggestions.WhenIfinished，Iproudlyhandedtheletterbacktomyhusband.Hereaditforthethirdtimeandsaid，“ItsstillnotrightbutIcouldntexactlysay.”IwasalittleannoyedandthentoldhimIwasthewriterandIhadseenso
12、megoofylettershesentout.ButIpickedupmyletterandwentbacktothecomputer.Afteranhourofrevisions，Iwentbacktomyhusbandapologeticallywiththeletterinhand.ItoldhimIwassorryforwhatIdsaidandaskedifhewouldpleasereadtheletteragainbecauseIdidvaluehiscontribution.Beingaverypatientandkindheartedfellow，heonceagainre
13、admyletteranddeclaredthatitwasfine.Thisallleadsmetothefollowing: Whenyouaskforadviceonaproject，beappreciativeandgrateful.Understandthattheadviceandsuggestionsyougetmaybenegative.Understandthatitmaymeanmoreworkforyou.Andkeepinmindthatthefinalresponsibilityfortheprojectisstillyours.Sobemodestandthankf
14、ulevenifheorshehasnotedsomeproblems.1Whydidtheauthorgiveherbusinessplantoherhusbandatfirst?AToshowoffherexcellentwork.BTohavehimtypeitonthecomputer.CToaskhimtomakesomechangesfromalldetails.DToaskhimtogivehersomeadvice.2Theauthorshusbandshruggedafterhearingherwordsbecausehe.Abelievedinhisjudgementbut
15、couldntfindwhyBknewtherewasnothingwronginthebusinessplanCdoubtedabouthimselfsincehefoundnoexcusesDbelievedhehimselfwasrightandknewtheroots3Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorshusbandwas.Aselfish，proudanddeterminedBgoodatexpressinghimselfChonest，kindandpatientDhumorous，activeandcareful4Theauthorwan
16、tstotellusthatifyouaskforsuggestions，.AdoacceptallsuggestionsfromthegiversBdontgetupsetifsomearenegativeCdokeepsilentbeforetakingactionDdobegratefulandconfident(二)七选五HowNottoBeAwkwardNotallofusareoutgoingandreadytotaketheworldbystorm.5Thisusuallyhappenswhenapersonisstillinhisorherteenyearsandgoingth
17、roughthesocializationprocess.So，whatcanapersondotoovercomethistendencytobeawkward.Letstrytofindanswerstothequestions.StayinshapeanddressupwellSometimes，awkwardnesscouldbeduetobeingoverweight.Whenyouarelargeinsize，youtendtogetveryselfconscious.So，inordertoavoidthis，getintothehabitofexercisingeveryday
18、.6Ifyoulookasifyouhavejuststeppedoutofa1980sfilmwhenactuallyitis2011，thereisnodoubtthatyouareboundtofeelawkwardaboutyourself.BeoptimisticAnothereffectivetiponhownottofeelawkwardistoalwayskeepasmileonyourface.7Ontheotherhand，asmiling，happyandpositivethinkpersonisappreciatedbyeverybody.So，smilewhenyou
19、meetacquaintancesorevenstrangers，sayacheerful“Hi！”andautomaticallysomeofyourawkwardnesswilldisappearcompletely!ParticipateinteamactivitiesThisonereallyhelps.Awkwardnessgenerallydevelopswhenapersonremainsisolatedfromothers.So，inordertochangethissituation，joingroups.8Joiningpeopleinbookreadingsessions
20、aswellasdebateswillhelpremoveyourawkwardness.Chooseanyactivityofyourchoice，suchasplayingteamsportsorjoiningadanceclass，andsoonyouwillfindyourcomfortlevelaroundpeopleincreasingdaybyday!DevelopyourpersonalityBeingabookwormoranInternetaddictwillnotgetyouanywhere.Forselfimprovement，takeupahobbythataddsm
21、eaningtoyourlife.Learnsingingortryadventuresports.9ALearnhowtoendaconversation.BSecondly，haveappropriateclotheson.CForinstance，ifyouareareadinglover，joinabookclub.DIfyoulooksad，nobodywillactuallylikebeingwithyou.ESomethingassimpleaslisteningtomusicwilldowonderstoo.FManyamongusareshyandmayevenfeelkep
22、tapartfromothers.GAwkwardnesscouldbebecauseyoudonothaveanythingincommontotalkabout.(三)完形填空ThesurveyaboutchildhoodintheThirdWorldshowsthatthestruggleforsurvivalislongandhard.Butintherichworld，childrencan10fromadifferentkindofpovertyofthespirit.11，oneWesterncountryalonenowsees14,000attemptedsuicides(自
23、杀)everyyearbychildrenunder15，andonechild12fiveneedspsychiatric(心理) advice.Therearemanygoodthingsabout13intheThirdWorld.Takethecloseandconstantrelationbetweenchildrenandtheirparents，relativesandneighborsforexample.IntheWest，theverynatureofworkputsdistancebetween14andchildren.ButinmostThirdWorldvillag
24、esmotherandfatherdonotgomilesawayeachdaytoworkinoffices.15，thechildseesmotherandfather，relationsandneighborsworking16andoftensharesinthatwork.Achild17inthiswaylearnshisorherrolethroughjoininginthecommunitys18：helpingtodigorbuild，lookafteranimalsorbabiesratherthan19playingwithwaterandsandinkindergart
25、en，keepingpets20playingwithdolls.Thesechildrenmaygrowupwithalessoppressivesenseofspaceandtimethanthe21children.Theirsenseofdaysandtimehasalottodowiththechangeofseasonsandpositionsofthesunorthemooninthesky.Childrenintherichworld，22，areprovidedwithawatchasoneofthe23signsofgrowingup，sothattheycan24alon
26、gwiththeirparentsaboutbeinglateforschooltimes，mealtimes，bedtimes，thetimesofTVshows.TheThirdWorldchildrendonotusually25tostayindoors，stilllessinhighriseapartments.Insteadofdangerousroads，“keepoffthegrass”signsand“dontspeaktostrangers”，thereisoftenasenseof26tostudyandplay.Parentscanseetheirchildrenout
27、sideratherthanobservethem27fromtenfloorsup.28，twelvemillionchildrenunderfivestilldieeveryyearthroughhungeranddisease.ButchildhoodintheThirdWorldisnotall29.10A.come BlearnCsuffer Dsurvive11A.Asusual BForinstanceCInfact DInotherwords12A.by BinCto Dunder13A.childhood BpovertyCspirit Dsurvival14A.adults
28、 BfathersCneighbors Drelatives15A.Anyhow BHoweverCInstead DStill16A.away BaloneCalong Dnearby17A.growingup BlivingthroughCplaying Dworking18A.activity BlifeCstudy Dwork19A.by BfromCthrough Dwith20A.and BbutCor Dso21A.Eastern BgoodCpoor DWestern22A.atanymoment BatthesametimeContheotherhand Donthewhol
29、e23A.easiest BearliestChappiest Dquickest24A.care BfearChurry Dworry25A.dare BexpectChave Drequire26A.control BdangerCdisappointment Dfreedom27A.anxiously BeagerlyCimpatiently Dproudly28A.Aboveall BIntheendCOfcourse DWhatsmore29A.bad BgoodCrich Dpoor人们无论写什么文章，都不会是盲目的、毫无目的的。作者的基本看法、态度、情感，都是通过文章的内容表现出
30、来的，因此，考生必须具备迅速把握主题，理顺文章层次，领会作者的观点和写作意图的归纳判断能力。那么，考生在做题时怎样才能把握文章的主旨呢？1完形填空题考查的一个重要方面是对全文的整体理解以及作者写作意图的把握。只要抓住主题句，就能抓住文章的主旨。2一般来说，主题句在开头有总领文章的作用，给读者指明下文的写作方向；主题句在文章的结尾有总结全文、点明中心的作用。分析好文章的开头和结尾就能准确地概括文章的中心思想。答案解析话题词汇梳理与对应训练.1.as2.tocut3.to4.smoking5.for6.Distinguished7.encouraging8.significance9.a10.under11.smoking12.There13.respectful14.embarrassing15.It.1.Witheveryonerespectinghim，hedecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothecountry.2Affectedbythefailureintheexam，helostheart.3Hegavemeanappleinexchangeforapieceofcake.Heexchangedanapplewithmeforapieceofcake.
