1、中考英语语法复习精品课件倒装句,倒装句|句装倒,英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。,inversions,基本语序,主语+谓语,He knew no one in Paris.,倒装语序,部分倒装,完全倒装,全部倒装(是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与)一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：,一、完全倒装,二、部分倒装,部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词
2、do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。,谓语+主语,助动词/情态动词,完全倒装,部分倒装,+主语+v.,In came the headmaster.,Nothing do I care in my life.,倒装的目的,1语法要求：疑问句，there be,祝愿句,2修辞要求：为了强调；为描写 生动；为衔接上下 文；为平衡句子,部分倒装,1）never,often,seldom,little,nowhere,not,hardly,等词位于句首时,Never have I seen him before.,Seldom do we go out.,Little d
3、oes he know what trouble he is in.,2)Only+状语，位于句首,Only in this way can you work out the problem.条件状语修饰整句,He was able to get back home only when the war was over.,Only when the war was over,was he able to get back home.,Exercise:,4.not until,Not until yesterday did I know the news.,So loudly did he s
4、peak that even people in the next room could hear him.,so.that.,位于句首,I did not begin to do my homework until my mother came back.,Not until my mother came back did I begin to do my homework.,Exercises:,5)Not onlybut also连接两个句子时,Not only was there no electricity at that time but also(there was)no wat
5、er in the area.,He is not only an actor but also a writer.,Not only is he an actor but also(he is)a writer.,6)so,neither/nor,引起的句子表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人,He likes rice very well.So do I.,I have never been abroad.Neither has he.,We saw the film last week.They saw it,too.,We saw the film last week.So did th
6、ey.,I read,I didnt read the notice on the blackboard.He didnt either.,I didnt read the notice on the blackboard.Nor did he.,*It was cold yesterday.So it was.,Exercises:,7.含有NO的介词短语位于句首,At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.,By no means can teaching be separated from practice.,8.省
7、略了 if 的虚拟条件句,虚拟条件句的谓语动词如果是 were,had,should 时，可省略if,但其谓语须倒装。,Had you worked hard at your lessons,you would have passed the exam.,完全倒装,Here,there,then,now,或 out,in,up,down,away,off,等副词开头的句子,There goes the bus.,Out ran the teacher.,Then came a new difficulty.,Now comes your turn.,主语是人称代词，语序不变。,Here you
8、 are.,Out it comes.,直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。,“Ill call again after supper,”said he.,“Let me go on with the operation.”said one of the doctors.,表语（介词短语）+系动词+主语,In the corner was a table.,(A table was in the corner.),强调表语时使用,Around his head was a brown snake.,*As 引导的让步状语从句,Old as he was,he insisted on
9、going with us.(as从句要倒装，表语成分前置),Hard as he worked,he failed.,Child as he is,he knows a lot about the world.（若表语为可数名词单数，a/an 省略）,Try as he might,Tom could not get out of he difficulty.,Fail as I did,I would try again.,1.n./adj.+as+S+v.,2.adv.+as+S+v.,3.v.+as+S+情态动词/助动词,状语（介词短语）+v.+S.,On the wall hangs
10、 an old jacket.,(To the)east of the city lie two lakes.,Two lakes lie to the east of the city.,At the foot of the hill we saw a house,in front of which sat a small boy.,1、倒装句之全部倒装。全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：,（1）here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。There go
11、es the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.,（2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead sat an old woman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here he comes.Away they went.,2、倒装句之部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，
12、并将其置于主语之前。,（1）句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,at no time,in no way,not until 等。Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。,注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。I have neve
13、r seen such a performance.The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.,典型例题：（1）Why cant I smoke here?At no time_ in the meeting-room.A.is smoking permittedB.smoking is permittedC.smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit答案A.这是一个倒装问题。,当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,h
14、ardly,seldom,never,not only,not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.,（2）Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A.man did know B.man know C.didnt man know D.did man know 答案D。看到Not until的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat
15、is until the early years of the 19th.现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。,3、以否定词开头作部分倒装。如：Not onlybut also,Hardly/Scarcelywhen,No sooner than。Not only did he refuse the gift,he also severely criticized the sender.Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.No sooner had she gone out than a stud
16、ent came to visit her.,典型例题：No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A.the game began B.has the game begunC.did the game begin D.had the game begun答案 D。,以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及not onlybut(also),no soonerthan,hardly when scarcely when 等等
17、。,注意：只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。Not only you but also I am fond of music.,4、so,neither,nor作部分倒装。表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。Tom can speak French.So can Jack.If you wont go,neither will I.,典型例题：Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?I dont know,_.A.nor
18、dont I careB.nor do I careC.I dont care neither D.I dont care also 答案：B。nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。,注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.Its raining hard.So it is.,5、only在句首要倒装的情况。Only in this way,can you lear
19、n English well.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：Only when he is seriously ill,does he ever stay in bed.,6、as,though 引导的倒装句。as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前）。,注意：（1）句首名词不能带任何冠词。（2）句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Try hard
20、as he will,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.,注意:让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。,7、其他部分倒装。（1）so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.,（2）在某些表示祝愿的句型中：例如：May you all be happy.（3）在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if 省
21、略，把 were,had,should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：Were I you,I would try it again.,典型例题：（1）Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is.A.man did know B.man knew C.didnt man know D.did man know答案为D.否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。,（2）Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A.didnt I realizeB
22、.did I realizeC.I didnt realizeD.I realize答案为B。,（3）Do you know Tom bought a new car?I dont know,_.A.nor dont I care B.nor do I care C.I dont care neitherD.I dont care also 解析：答案为B.句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示 也不。由 so,neither,nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中,so用于肯定句,而 neither,nor 用在否定句中。,Exercises:,We are going nowhere
23、 at the weekend.,He did not make a single mistake.,Nowhere are we going at the weekend.,Not a single mistake did he make.,We often warned them not to do so.,Often did we warn them not to do so.,巩固练习:1)Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A.I had arrived atB.had I arrivedC.had I reachedD.I ha
24、d got to2)Have you ever seen anything like that before?No,_ anything like that before.A.I never have seen B.never I have seenC.never have I seen D.I have seen3)She is not fond of cooking,_ I.A.so amB.nor amC.neitherD.nor do,4)Only in this way _ make progress in your English.A.you B.can you C.you be
25、able to D.will you able to 5)Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A.he could B.he was able to C.was he able toD.was able to he,3.so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。如:,I saw the film,so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.,6)The doctor told Charlie
26、to breathe deeply and _.A.so did CharlieB.Charlie did so C.Charlie does soD.did Charlie so7)So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A.did she speak;could everyone B.did she speak;everyone could C.she spoke;could everyone D.she spoke;everyone could,5.Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。如:,Not until last week did th
27、ey find the lost bike.(简单句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time.(复合句),9)Not until the early years of the 19th century _know what heat is.A.man didB.manC.didnt manD.did man10)Not until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted.A.didnt I B.did I
28、C.I didntD.I,6.在以often,well,many a time,now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如:,Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.,12)Many a time _ swimming alone.A.the boy wentB.went the boy C.did the boy goD.did go the boy,练习:,1.Not a single song _ at yesterdays party.(上海
29、2000)A.she sang B.sang she C.did she sing D.she did sing2.So difficult _ it to live in an English-speakingcountry that I determined to learn English well.(2001上海)A.I have felt B.have I feltC.I did feel D.did I feel3.Of the making of good books there is no end;neither_ any end to their influence on m
30、ans lives.(2004广州)A.there is B.there areC.is there D.are there,C,D,C,4._ snacks and drinks,but they also brought cads for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.(2004)A.Not only they brought B.Not only did they bringC.Not only brought they D.Not only they did bring5.You forget your purse when you went out.Good heavens,_.(2002)A.so did I B.so I didC.I did so D.I so did6.I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.(2004)A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize,B,C,D,The end!Good bye!,
