1、职称英语考试新版教材解读与分析辅导讲义汇编（一）职称英语复习策略职称英语考试以阅读为主，要求考生有较强的阅读能力，而阅读能力的好坏取决于考生的词汇、语法和阅读技巧的掌握情况， 因此建议在这三个月的复习的时间里：1不间断地学习大纲所要求的词汇，尤其是2000个左右的基本词汇；（英语单词只有通过不断的重复再现，不断的使用（通过阅读文章了解单词的使用特点）才能真正地记住，记忆单词需要掌握单词学习的方法， 如：借助单词读音（bike、like、Mike），借助单词的构成特点（work、 worker、working），借助对拼写相近或词义相近的单词的对比（stop/ step），借助联想等这些方法记住
2、单词。2大致了解英语基本语法结构，能识别英语句子的句型，能分析句子结构构成（尤其能正确识别英语句子的主谓结构，了解时态、语态、非谓语动词结构、从句结构、特殊句型。建议通过阅读英语文章了解英语各种语法结构的表现形式，具体使用和具有的结构意义。3熟悉职称英语各题型出题特点，了解各题型考点设置特点，掌握针对各题型的阅读技巧。（二）考题回顾与分析（以2012年考题作对比）职称英语A， B， C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型和题量均相同，但考试难度逐渐增加（语言难度增加， 考点设置难度增加）。 2012年职称英语各类A级考试出题特点如下：2012年考题出题特点（来自书本内容）综合类A
3、级考题词汇选项（5题）（5分）阅读理解（Milosevics Death）（15分）完型填空（Sending E-mails to professors）（15分）理工类A级考题词汇选项（5题）（5分）阅读理解三篇文章均来自书外：第一篇：社会与文化（Trying to find a partner）第二篇：自然与环境（A very slow ride）；第三篇：科技（手机）（Mobile phones: Are they about to transform our lives ）完型填空（Robots may allow surgery in space）（15分）卫生类A级考题词汇选项（5
4、题）（5分）阅读理解（Chronic Diseases: The worlds leading killer）（15分）完型填空（World heart day）（15分）小结：职称英语考题中通常有20-40分来自当年职称英语考试教材， 因此建议以教材为主进行复习。所对应的各个类别各个级别的整体语言难度和考点设置难度基本相当，如：综合C的整体语言难度和考点设置难度与上年综合C的整体语言难度和考点设置难度基本相当。接下来以综合C考题中的概括大意与完成句子考题为例分析考题变化动态（以考题出题特点进行对比）：文章主题段落语言特点（概括大意题）完成句子考点2012年综合C级考题社会与文化（ceasin
5、g to wear ties）1段落含有明显主题句（位于段落开头部分）（2题）2段落没有明显主题句， 段落主题需要考生自己总结概括（2题）1虚拟语气（表示观点， 要求等动词+ 宾语从句）（1题）2定语从句（3题）2013年综合C级考题自然与环境（Nice name but shes so deadly） 1段落含有明显主题句（位于段落结尾部分）（1题）2段落没有明显主题句， 段落主题需要考生自己总结概括（3题） 1近义结构的识别（1题）2定语从句（1题）3被动语态结构（1题）4主动被动结构的转换（1题）小结：12013年职称英语综合C级概括大意与完成句子考题的文章难度与2012年职称英语综合C
6、级概括大意与完成句子考题的文章难度基本相当：文章中绝大部分句子为简单句，文章中大部分词汇都是常见的基本词汇。2综合类概括大意与完成句子文章主题主要涉及社会与文化，有时也可能涉及自然与环境，或大众科技，概括大意与完成句子文章语言难度接近或略低于阅读理解部分文章的语言难度。3 2013年的概括大意题出题难度与2012年概括大意题出题难度相当：有1到2个指定的段落都没有明显段落主题句，段落主题需要考生根据段落内容进行归纳总结，因此C级考生需要掌握如何根据段落中词语特点及段落中某些句子的句意特点快速确认段落主题的“主题确认技巧”。42013年和2012年的完成句子题都主要涉及到对书面英语中常见语法结构
7、的考察，因此C级考生在复习中应该注意对从句结构，被动语态结构，非谓语结构，虚拟语气等语法点的复习， 这样一些完成句子题就可能直接借助语法结构搭配特点直接答题（如2013年考题中的“虚拟语气”考点）。提示：段首开头或段落结尾部分的句子中出现了概括句、观点句、定义句，则这些句子可能就是其所在段落的段落主题句， 如：2013年综合AB概括大意完成句子考题：（60th Anniversary ceremony in Moscow第3段：(段首句)The second world war is perhaps the most catastrophic(灾难性的)event that mankind h
8、as ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives.段首句是观点句，因此很可能就是段落主题句。选项F（worlds worst disaster/世界上最严重的灾难）正好与该句内容呼应， F是答案。12下一页2008年职称英语考试新版教材解读与分析（发布时间： 2008-1-14 13:08:12来自：环球职业教育在线）(三)2008年教材变动情况2008年教材上新增了大约17篇文章，词汇
9、选项、阅读判断、概括大意完成句子、阅读理解、补全短文、完型填空各个题型上都有新增文章。理工类和卫生类新增的文章更体现专业性。新增文章的语言难度和问题考点设置情况在一定程度上反映了08年考题的出题趋势。(难度B/A级/2008年理工类教材新增文章) The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World1.Scientists recently made public the tiniest electric motor ever built. You could stuff hundreds of them into the period at the end of t
10、his sentence. One day a similar engine might power a tiny mechanical doctor that would travel through your body to remove your disease.2. The motor works by shuffling（来回运动） atoms（原子） between two molten metal droplets（小滴） in a carbon nanotube（纳米管）. One droplet is even smaller than the other. When a s
11、mall electric current is applied to the droplets, atoms slowly get out of the larger droplet and join the smaller one. The small droplet grows but never gets as big as the other droplet and eventually bumps into the large droplet. As they touch, the large droplet rapidly sops up （吸入）the atoms it had
12、 previously lost. This quick shift in energy produces a power stroke（动力行程）. 3.The technique exploits the fact that surface tension - the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating - becomes more important at small scales. Surface tension is the same thing that allows some insects to walk on
13、 water.4.Although the amount of energy produced is small - 20 microwatts（百万分之一瓦） - it is quite impressive（给人印象深刻的） in relation to（与.相比） the tiny scale of the motor. The whole setup is less than 200 nanometers on a side, or hundreds of times smaller than the width of a human hair. If it could be scal
14、ed up to the size of an automobile engine, it would be 100 million times more powerful than a Toyota Camrys 225 horsepower V6 engine. 5.In 1988, Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating（工作的， 运行的） micromotor（微型发动机）, which was 100 microns（微米） across, or about the thickness of a
15、 human hair. In 2003, Zettls group created the first nanoscale motor. In 2012, they built a nanoconveyor（纳米传送带）, which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factory. 6.Nanotechnology（纳米技术） engineers try to mimic nature, building things atom-by-atom. Among other things, nanomotors could be used i
16、n optical circuits to redirect light, a process called optical switching. Futurists envision（预想） a day when nanomachines（纳米机器）, powered by nanomotors（纳米发动机）, travel inside your body to find disease and repair damaged cells. 练习： 1.Paragraph 2 2.Paragraph 4 3.Paragraph 5 4.Paragraph 6 AAn introduction
17、 of a Toyotas 225 horsepower V6 engine.BA description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size.CSurface tension（表面张力）.DPrevious inventions of nanoscale（纳米级的） products.EThe working principle of the nanomotor. FPossible fields of application in the future. 指定的四个段落都没有明显的段落主题句（2013年理工类A/B级概括大意题中四个指定段
18、落都没有明显段落主题句），考生可以通过通读指定段落的大意来归纳出段落主题， 或借助一些有效的答题技巧确认段落主题。以确认段落第4段的段落主题为例分析答题技巧：AAn introduction of a Toyotas 225 horsepower V6 engine.BA description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size.CSurface tension（表面张力）.DPrevious inventions of nanoscale（纳米级的） products.EThe working principle of the nanom
19、otor. FPossible fields of application in the future. 2.Paragraph 4 _. 4. Although the amount of energy(能量) produced is small - 20 microwatts( 百万分之一瓦) - it is quite impressive( 给人印象深刻的) in relation to（与.相比 ）the tiny scale of the motor. The whole setup is less than 200 nanometers( 纳米) on a side, or hu
20、ndreds of times smaller than the width(宽度) of a human hair. If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine, it would be 100 million times more powerful（强大的） than a Toyota Camrys 225 horsepower（马力） V6 engine. 2B解析：段落中没有明显的段落主题句， 但是段落中出现了大量反映典型细节信息的词语：20 microwatts(微瓦), 200 nanometers（纳米
21、）, hundreds of times smaller than the width of a human hair， 100 million times more powerful, 225 horsepower（马力）, 这些细节信息贯穿全段，从性质上它们分别用于描述功率和尺寸大小， 因此可直接判断B（描述了纳米发动机的功率和尺寸大小）是答案。 提示：如果段落中有明显的“细节信息词”， 可以考虑利用这些细节信息所反映的主题内容来确认段落主题。(四)2008年考题预测分析从2013年考题的出题情况和2008年教材的编写情况来看，2008年职称英语考试仍然将可能从教材中摘选一部分试题直接作为
22、考题。2008年考题难度应该与2013年考题难度相当。(五)网络课程设置情况综合/理工/卫生精讲课程（共40讲）：词汇选项4讲阅读判断6讲概括大意与完成句子6讲阅读理解12讲补全短文6讲完型填空6讲在冲刺班和串讲班的课程中我们也将分题型进行讲解，突出复习重点和各题型的答题技巧。 2008年职称英语教材卫生类新增部分完整版第二部分 阅读判断Some sleep drugs do more than make you sleepThe United States Food and Drug Administration1 has ordered companies to place strong
23、new warnings on thirteen drugs that treat sleep disorders. It also ordered the makers of the sleeping pills to provide information for patients explaining how to safely use the drugs.Last Wednesday, the FDA announced that some of these drugs can have unexpected and dangerous effects. These include t
24、he risk of life-threatening allergic reactions. They also include rare incidents of strange behavior. These include people cooking food, eating and even driving while asleep. The patients later had no memory of doing these activities while asleep. Last year, a member of the United States Congress2 s
25、aid he had a sleep-driving incident. Patrick Kennedy, a representative from Rhode Island,3 crashed his car into a security barrier near the building where lawmakers meet. The accident happened in the middle of the night and no one was hurt. Mr. Kennedy said he had earlier taken a sleep medicine. He
26、said he was also being treated with a stomach sickness drug that can cause sleepiness. The Food and Drug Administration did not say in its announcement how many cases of sleep-driving it has documented. However, the New York Times4 reported last year about people who said they had strange sleep even
27、ts after taking the drug Ambien. Some reported sleep-driving and sleep-walking. Others said they found evidence after waking in the morning that they had cooked food or eaten in their sleep. But they had no memory of carrying out the activities. A Food and Drug Administration official says that thes
28、e serious side effects of sleep disorder drugs appear to be rare. But, he also said there are probably more cases than are reported.5 He said the agency believes the risk of such behaviors could be reduced if people take the drugs as directed and do not drink alcohol while taking the drugs. The Food
29、 and Drug Administration has advised drug companies to carry out studies to investigate the problem.词汇：disorder / n. 障碍；紊乱；疾病allergic / adj. 变应性的，过敏性的incident / n. 偶发事件，小事件representative / n. 代表crash / v. （使）碰撞lawmaker / n. 立法者，制定法律者（尤指立法委员或议员）sickness / n. 疾病；恶心，呕吐stomach / n. 胃sleepiness / n. 昏昏欲睡
30、document / vt. 根据事实材料制作注释：1. United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)：美国食品及药品管理局2. United States Congress：美国国会3. Rhode Island：罗得岛（美国州名）4. New York Times：纽约时报5. But, he also said there are probably more cases than are reported. 不过，他也说道，可能实际病例要比报导的多。 请注意本句中than的用法。than后面连接了一个句子，可是却没有主语，学术界对此有两
31、种说法：一种认为than是关系代词，它本身在从句中作一个句子成分；另一种则认为than仍为连接词，后面省略了句子的适当成分。请看类似的句子：You spent more money than was intended to be spent. 你花去的钱比预计的多。（请比较：You spent the money that was intended.） As the child grows, the jawbones grow also; therefore, there is space for more teeth than are in the first set. 随着孩子的长大，颌骨也随着长大，因此就有空间供比第一套还要多的牙齿占用。练习：1. There are altogether 13 drugs treating sleep disorders in the United States.A Rig
