1、牛津译林英语8A Unit1 Friends知识点牛津英语8A Unit1 Friends 知识点整理 一、重点词汇和短语1. 喝(吃)的东西 something to drink/eat2. 更多一些食物 some more food3. 没有任何别的东西 nothing else4. 一个八年级学生 a Grade 8 student5. 写信给某人(有关有事/某人) write to sb. (about sth./sb.)6. 举办一次写作/绘画比赛 hold a writing/drawing competition7. 愿意/乐意做某事 be willing to do sth.
2、= be ready/glad to do sth.8. 在任何时候 （at）any time9. 给需要座位的人让座 give seats to people in need10.环球旅行 travel around the world11.和. 一样 as +(形容词或副词原级) + as .不如 not as/so+ (形容词或副词原级) + as .= less + (形容词或副词原级) +. than.12.保守秘密 keep a secret / keep secrets13.使我快乐 make me happy 让我笑 make me laugh 14.走过 walk past
3、. = pass15.把.撞翻 knock over (代词放中间)16.告诉某人某事 tell sb sth告诉某人有关某事 tell sb about sth17.讲笑话 tell (funny) jokes开某人的玩笑 play a joke on sb18.说某人的坏话 say a bad word about sb19.近视 have poor eyesight20. (富)有幽默感 have a (good) sense of humour21.因为/由于 because of22.感到无聊/不开心 feel bored/ unhappy23.相信他说的话 believe what
4、 he says/his words/the words he says 24.对某人很大方 be generous to sb.25.投票给某人/投票选举某人 vote for sb.26.努力（不）做某事 try (not) to do sth.尽力做某事 try/do ones best to do sth.27. A和B两者都. both A and B.28.所有的这些户外活动 all of these outdoor activities29.倾听人们的难题 listen to peoples/others problems帮助人们解决难题 help people solve pr
5、oblems30.一个社会工作者 a social worker31.与某人交朋友 make friends with sb.32.高兴做某事 be happy to do sth.33.分享某人的快乐 share ones joy34.面带微笑 wear a smile on ones face35.同意某人的意见（或所说的话） agree with sb.同意某件事（计划，安排等） agree to sth.经过协商在某件事在达成一致 agree on sth.同意做某事 agree to do sth.36.在左边的那个男孩 the boy on the left37.希望做某事 hop
6、e to do sth38.在将来 in the future39.你们杂志的一个读者 a reader of your magazine40.在午餐期间 during lunchtime41.给某人提意见 give sb some advice42.对.很了解 know very well=know much/a lot about43.在某事上有困难 have some problems with sth.做某事有困难 have some problems (in) doing sth.44.在隔壁 next door = in the next room/flat/house45.帮助某
7、人做某事 help sb with sth/ help sb (to) do sth46.有机会互相见面 get to see each other47.有齐肩的直发 have straight，shoulder-length hair48.一个诚实的男孩 an honest boy49.解决问题 solve the problems = work out the problems50.看起来爱好运动 look sporty51.跑步最快的人 the fastest runner52.正确地回答问题 answer questions correctly53.有一个像艾伦那样的朋友 have a
8、 friend like Alan54.总体外貌 general appearance55.感到害羞 feel shy56.独自坐在操场上 sit alone on/in the playground57.搬到某地 move to spl58.一次愉快的旅行 a pleasant journey/trip59.过来 come over60.一双明亮的,笑眯眯的眼睛 a pair of bright, smiling eyes61.一张方脸 a square face62.因.而出名 be famous for.作为.而出名 be famous as.63.计划去做某事 plan to do s
9、th64.说谎 tell lies65.我最好的朋友之一 one fo my best friends66.对.有耐心 be patient with.二、重要语言点解析1. have something to drink喝点东西to drink动词不定式作定语用法拓展have something to eat 吃点东西have a lot of homework to do 有许多作业要做 2. have some more food 再有/要些食物 知识链接some more不可数名词或名词复数形式，more是many/much的比较级，意为“再，又”some可以更换为基数词, 比如：tw
10、o more boys = another two boys 用法拓展基数词more名词复数another基数词名词复数 3. nothing else 没有别的东西 知识链接不定代词分类：表示人：somebody/someone, anybody, nobody/no one, everybody/everyone表示物：something, anything, nothing, everything不定代词用法：不定代词作句子主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，none除外。如：None of them speaks English. 他们当中没有一个会讲英语。 None of the te
11、lephones is working. 所有的电话都坏了。不定代词的修饰语一般要放在不定代词之后。如：不定代词形容词，不定代词不定式。 something interesting 有趣的事情 something to eat 吃的东西else通常放在不定代词与疑问词之后，比如：somebody/anybody/nobody/something/anything/nothing elsesomewhere/anywhere else what/who/where/ elsesomeone elses, anyone elses 别人的，不能写成someones else, anyones el
12、se。4. read an advertisement看广告 read阅读，常用于阅读书报、杂志、广告、传单等。Eg. read English, read newspapers, read comic books (看连环漫画) read除了用人作主语，表示“阅读”之外，还可以用有文字的东西作主语，表示“读起来”、“写着”、“内容是”。比如：This doesnt read like a childs composition. 这读起来不像是孩子的作文。Her letter reads as follows. 她的来信的内容如下。5. keep secrets / keep a secret
13、 保密 keep secrets for sb 替某人保密in secretsecretly 秘密地secret agent 特工secretary 秘书Eg. Careful planning is the secret of success.仔细计划是成功的诀窍。6. make me happy 使我高兴 make使得；让 make sb/sthadj. 使如何What he said made me sad.What makes your friend so special? That Change No. 1 Satellite was sent into space successf
14、ully made Chinese exciting. 用法拓展: make sb do sth让/使某人做某事sb be made to do sth某人被迫做某事，类似的还有：hear sb do sthsb be heard to do sth have sb do sthsb be had to do sth be made in某地 在某地制造 be made of. 由制成(能看到原材料，发生物理变化) be made from 由制成(不能看到原材料，发生化学变化) 7. share my joy 分享我的快乐 share sth with sb 与某人分享某物，与某人合用某物8
15、. have problems 有问题 have problems with sth have difficulty with sth 在某方面有问题have problems (in) doing sth have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难have problems with sb 和某人有矛盾9. believe what he/she says 相信他(她)说的话 what sb say/says/said 某人说的话 believe sb 相信某人believe sth 相信某事是真的believe in sbtrust sb 信任某人(建立在长
16、期“相信”的基础上)10. hold a writing competition 举行写作比赛hold/have a competition 举行一次比赛(竞赛)比如：hold a drawing competition 举行绘画比赛hold举行have， 比如：hold/have a sports meeting举行运动会 be heldtake place 被举行比如：Our school sports meeting is held/takes place in October every year.我们学校运动会在每年的10月份举办。11. tell you about my frie
17、nd Betty 给你讲讲我朋友贝蒂的事 tell sb about sth/sb 告诉某人有关某事(某人)的情况如：Would you please tell us about your visit to Beijing? 你能告诉我们关于你去北京的旅行吗？12. one of my best friends 我的一个最好的朋友注意：one of/amongthe/物主代词名词复数，作主语时谓语用单数，“最中的一个”。比如：The Changjiang River is one of/among the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。13
18、. be willing to do sth 乐意(愿意)做某事 willing 乐意的；愿意的 unwilling不情愿的willingly 愿意地 willingness (n) 心甘情愿比如：Im quite willing to do anything for you. 我非常愿意为你做任何事情。14. be ready to do sth 准备做某事 ready 准备好的Eg. Come on, dinners ready! 快过来，饭好了！愿意的 Hes always ready to help his friends. 他总是乐意帮助朋友。注意：(1) be ready for
19、sth / get ready for sth 为某事做好准备 Eg. Can you help me get everything ready for the party? 你能不能帮我把这次聚会准备妥当？ （2）Ready, go! (比赛口令) 预备跑！15.give seats to someone in need 把座位让给需要的人 注意：(1)give seats to sb 给某人让座, (2)in need 需要帮助的，常做后置定语。eg. children in need 需要帮助的孩子16. on the bus/train/plane 在公交车/火车/飞机上in the
20、boat/ship 在小船/轮船上17. grow up 长大 Eg.What do you want to be when you grow up? 当你长大的时候你想做什么呢？18. get to do sth 有机会做某事,常用于口语。 Eg. They got to know each other ten years ago.他们十年前认识对方。用法拓展have got to do sthhave to do sth 不得不，必须Eg. Its getting dark. Weve got to go. 天色变晚了，我们得走了。19. a wonderful friend called
21、 Max 一个叫马克斯的出色的朋友 注意：called/named “一个叫的”，过去分词短语作后置定语修饰名词a boy called/named Tom 一个叫汤姆的男孩 a game called/named hide-and-seek 一个叫捉迷藏的游戏20. However, he has poor eyesight because of working on the computer too much at night.然而，因为他晚上用电脑太多，所以视力差。have poor eyesight 视力差because of 因为. work on 操作. 注意：however副词，
22、常用于句首，与后面的句子用“逗号”隔开。 21. have a good sense of humour be humorous 很有幽默感 注意：five senses 五种感觉sight视觉 / hearing听觉 / smell嗅觉 / taste味觉 / touch触觉the sixth tense 第六感22. knock our books and pens off the desks把我们的书和钢笔从课桌上碰掉knock. sth off注意：knock sth over 撞翻某物knock sb down 撞倒某人knock on/at the door/window 敲门/窗
23、23. think of my good friend 想起我的好朋友 think of 想到；想起；想出；(用进行时表示)想做 Its good to think of the future. 想想未来是件好事。She often thinks of her home. 她常常想起她的家。He thought of a good plan. 他想出一个好计划。Im thinking of buying a piano. 我想着/正想买一架钢琴。用法拓展think about 思考(动词介词) Shes thinking about what to say. 她在思考该说什么。thinkove
24、r 仔细考虑(动词副词) Ill give you three days to think it over. 我将给你三天时间去考虑。24. have straight, shoulder-length hair 留着直的齐肩的头发 知识链接long长的length长度 high高的height高度 wide宽的width宽度deep深的depth深度 strong强壮的strength力量25. a true friend 一个忠实的朋友 true 真实的；忠实的 反义词false 错误的（adj）truth 真相/事实 (n)truly 真正地 (adv)He is true to his
25、 friends. 他对朋友们忠诚。real实际的；真的(adj)reality现实 (n)really真实地 (adv)The story was taken from real life. 这故事取材于现实生活。用法拓展come true实现 (注意：该短语中不能使用truly) eg. His dream has come true. 他的梦想已经实现。26. say a bad word about sb说某人的坏话 Eg. He says a bad word about Jim. 他说Jim的坏话。27. be generous to sb 对某人慷慨 Eg. My teacher
26、 is always very generous to me. 我的老师经常对我非常慷慨。 28. vote for 投票选出，投票赞成 vote (n) 选票，投票 ，选举 (v) 投票（赞成）; 选举,选出29. go hiking去远足 gov-ing 去做某事拓展：go swimming/camping/cycling/diving/skiing去游泳/野营/骑车/潜水/滑雪30. try to be kind to people 尽力对人们友善try my best to help them 尽力帮助他们重要句型：try doing sth 尝试着去做某事 try to do sth
27、 尽力去做某事情try/do ones best to do sth 尽全力去做某事情Eg. I try finishing the difficult task on time. 我尝试着去准时完成这份艰难的工作。I try to finish the homework on time.我尽力去准时完成家庭作业。31. have problems with sth 在有困难have problems (in) doing sth 做某事有困难Eg. I didnt have any problem (in) finding his home. 我在寻找他的家方面没有任何的困难。 I have
28、 problems with Maths. 我在数学学习方面有困难。33. knowvery well 对很了解 Eg. I know him very well. 我对他非常的了解。 34. sit alone in/on the playground 一个人坐在操场上 alone: (adj) 单独的，独自一人的 （adv）独自35. miss my old friends very much 非常想念我的老朋友 miss想念；错过Eg. He ran very fast in order not to miss the early bus. 他跑的非常快，是为了不错过早班车。miss doing sth 错过做某事Eg. I miss watching the wonderful football match. 我错过去观看这精彩的足球比赛。36. what to do 做什么 结构：疑问词动词不定式注意区别：how to do it(怎样做这件事)37. give me some advice 给我提一些建议 give/offer sb some advice/suggestions 给某人提一些
