1、成考基础英语达德春节后英语课资料第一部分：代词（一）人称代词： 单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem重点讲解1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语.He teaches _us_(we) Chinese .2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为: 单数:二,三,一 （You, she and I ） 复数:一,二,三 (we , you and they )_She_ and _I_in the same class.她和我在同一个班级。注:：若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放
2、在最前面.)Who broke the window ? _I_and _Mike_.谁打破的窗户？我和迈克。1.Last Sunday,_was invited by Jack to have dinner with him.A Tom, Mike and me B Tom, Mike and IC Tom, me and Mike D Tom, I and Mike 2.Last Sunday, Jack invited_to have dinner with him.综合练习1.All of_(我们)are from Beijing.2. Dont worry. _ (我们)will c
3、ome and help_(他)3( )A friend of _will come to our school today.A. my B. his C. her D. your4( )This book is mine and that one is _. A. her B. shes C .hers D. hers5( )Help to some fish, everyone.A. yourself B. you C. yours D. yourselves6( )I do it _. A. myself B. me C.I D. mine7( )Students should know
4、 how to help_. A.another B. other C. others D. the others8( )Is there anything in your_hand?A. other B. the other C. another D. each9( )He has two sons, _of them are teachers.A both B. neither C. all D. none10. ( )I had a talk with _of the girls.A every B. other C. each D. Another11.（ ）Whossingingov
5、erthere?_is Sandyssister. A.ThatB.It C.SheD.This12.（ ）_willspendthesummerholidayinHawaii.A.She,youandIB.You,sheandIC.I,youandsheD.Her,meandyou13.（ ）Myuncleboughtanewbikefor_.A.theirsB.theyC.me D.I14Here isapostcardforyou,Jim!Oh,_isfrommy friend,Mary.A.he B.it C.she D.its15.（ ）LittleBabyknowsthathesh
6、ouldnottake thethingsthatdonotbelongto_.A.he B.his C.sheD.him（二）.物主代词.第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。2.名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。物主代词公式:1_形容词性物主代词_+名词.或._形容词性物主代词_+名词.2名词性物主代词_ +动词.3.名词性物主代词_. / ?Our c
7、lassroom is as big as _ (they). This is a friend of _ (my).注: 1）（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）This isnt _ bag , _ is here.这不是我的包，我的在这。 2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.My own house = a house of my own （三）.反身代词单数复数第一人称myself ourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves记忆小窍门:反身代词有规律,第
8、三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self的复数ves来把f替.反身代词的常用搭配: Enjoy oneself look after oneself Say to oneself dress oneself （四）.指示代词单数复数近指thisthese远指thatthose2.用法: 1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词.The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qinghai.The books in that shop are cheape
9、r than _in this shop. A. this B. that C. one D. those 2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子. He had a bad cold, _is why he didnt come.3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方._ is Tom speaking. Who is_? 我是Tom，你是哪位？（五）.不定代词1.one与it 的区别 One是指同名异物，即同类中的一个，为泛指（=a/an+名词）；中的一种. It是指同名同物，为特指（=the+名词）
10、This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?Do you have a nice car? No, I dont . But I have decided to buy_next year. 2.some与any 的区别 some一般用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some . 常用于could / would / May 或what about /how about . 开头的疑问句句中。May I have some water? He asked me for some paper, but I didnt hav
11、e any.Any可以表示任何一个，可以用在肯定句中。Come any day you like!3.many,much, .a (few),a (little)的区别 含义用语肯定含义否定含义修饰可数名词many ，a fewfew修饰不可数名词much ,a little little注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .The story is easy to read. There are _ new words in it. Hurry up! There is _ time left.4.each / every 的区别 Each, every
12、都可以作不定形容词，但each 侧重单体，用于两者或两者以上；every侧重全体，用于三者或三者以上。注:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every只能作定语，后面必须跟有名词。There are trees and flowers on _ side of the street. _ student has read a story.5.all,both,either,neither,none的区别肯定否定任何一个两者之间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany注: 1）both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数. neit
13、her of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.Neither of the answers _ (be) right.Both of my parents _ (be) workers.2).词组 A) both and 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only but also 反义词组: neither nor Not only you but also she likes watching TV. = _ you _ she like watching TVB) either or 或者或者, neithernor 既不也不 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词实行就近原则.Nei
14、ther you nor he _ (be) right._ Lily _Lucy is going to the park.C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither sb。 某人也不怎么样.If you dont go there, I don t go there ,either.If you dont go there, neither do I (注：neither后需倒装）3) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. What 的回答:用nothin
15、g 回答.How many students are there in the classroom? _. Who can answer the question? _. A. None B. No one C. Nothing 6.another /the other /others /the others 的区别种类 数单数复数没有数量限制(泛指)Anotherothers有数量限制(特指)the otherthe others 注: 1) one the other 表示一个另一个，范围为两个。当出现物主代词时，两个中另一个的表达法为【 物主代词+ other】，不可以再加the I h
16、ave two brothers, one is a teacher, _ is a worker.Peter, show me your one hand, then your _ hand.2) the others表示“剩余的”，范围为两个以上。There are 40 students in our class,15 are girls, _are boys.3) another 表示“另一个，又一个” 泛指众多中的一个，后面一般接单数名词. Would you like _ apple?4）others表示别人，没有范围限制，可以和some组成词组，someothers (一些一些)
17、 Some are cleaning the classroom, _ are sweeping the window.7.复合不定代词.someany noeverysomethinganythingnothingeverythingsomeoneanyoneno oneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody 注: 1）somebody(=someone) 用于肯定句中,在否定句及疑问句中用anybody（= anyone）；_ wants to see you.有人想见你。 Is there _here? 这里有人吗？同样，something（某物）用
18、于肯定句中，在否定句及疑问句中用anything。I want _ to eat. I cant do anything now.2）everybody（=everyone）和everything是单数代词_ works hard in class. 班里的每个人都很努力Is_going well with you? 你一切顺利吗？3）Nobody（= no one）用作单数代词_ wants to go home.没有人想回家。（六）.疑问代词Whowhomwhosewhichwhat谁（主格） 谁（宾格）谁的哪个，哪些什么疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句，它们在句中充当主语，表语，宾语，定语当疑
19、问代词作介词宾语时，可以将介词提前到句首。注：1)Who和whatWho问姓名或与回答人的关系，前面可以用物主代词。What“是做什么的”问职业，前面用”a/ an”_ is the girl? She is my sister._is the girl? She is a singer.2) which 和whatWhich指“哪个，哪些”有选择的范围。what没有范围供选择。_newspaper do you want? 你要什么报纸？_do you like best of the three? 三个当中你最喜欢哪一个？第二部分：形容词与副词知识要点1)英语中大多数形容词、副词是可以分等
20、级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词、副词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。如：John is a tall boy.两者间进行比较用到形容词比较级。如：Jim is taller than John.三者或者三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级。Mike is the tallest of the three boys.形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the。表前者和后者在某方面相同时，应用as.as ; 否定时应用 not as.as2).形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化规则变化：单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级er最高级est smallsmallersmallest
21、等以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st即可nicenicernicest以辅音字母y结尾的，变y为ier或est easyeasiereasiest双写最后一个辅音字母er或est hothotterhottest一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：difficult-more difficult-most difficult不规则变化：good/wellbetterbest,badworseworst many/muchmoremost littlelessleastfarfurther furthest（表示程度） farfartherfarthest（表示远近） o
22、ldolderoldest（表新旧） oldeldereldest（表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼）单项选择( )1. -Tom is the _ one I want to work with. He is always complaining.- Be more patient. He is still a good boy.A. best B. last C. first D. only( )2. We want to go to Japan to have a _ study.A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest( )3. The meeti
23、ng hall is _ to hold 5000 people.A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large( )4. When spring comes, the trees get _.A. green and green B. green and greenerC. greener and green D. greener and greener( )5. My _ brother is three years _ than I .A. old; older B. elder ; older C. older; eld
24、er D. old; elder( )6. Hes _ to hear the bad news.A. sorry B. bad C. happy D. well( )7. The snow is over one meter _ when its winter here.A. long B. high C. thick D. this( )8. This book is _ worth seeing again.A. very B. quite C. well D. much( )9. My sister sat _ to me to listen to the story.A. close
25、 B. closely C. nearby D. with( )10. The sports car is running _, It seems to be flying.A. fast and fast B. more and fast C. more and faster D. faster and faster( )11. You run _ for us to catch up with you.A . too fast B. so fast C. too slowly D. so slowly( )12. Dont look _ the window? Were having a
26、class.A. out of B out from C. down of D. out.( )13. This year our school is _ than it was last year.A. much more beautiful B. much beautifulC. the most beautiful D. beautiful( )14. _ the ground is, _ air becomes.A. The high; the thin B. The highest; the thinnestC. The higher; the thiner D. The highe
27、r; the thinner( )15. John is _ of the two boys.A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest. D. the taller.( )16. -Why does Peter like moon cakes with nuts instead of the ones with eggs? -Because he thinks the moon cakes with nuts are _.A. cheap B. dear C. worse D. nicer( )17. She is _ than IA. a head taller B. a taller head C. taller a head D. head taller( )18. Paris is one of _ c
