1、高中英语名词性从句专题讲解和巩固练习含答案高中英语名词性从句专题讲解及巩固练习定义：起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。引导词功能及作用从属连词that只连接句子，无意义If/whether连接句子，表疑问连接代词what which who主语what which whom宾语、表语whose形容词词性，后接名词wh-ever与wh-功能一致，语气加强连接副词when where why how状语，连接副词不能与介词搭配【归纳】1. 只能用whether,不能用ifa. 主语从句b. 表语从句c.
2、同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.g.whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.2.that和what的区别 what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。例：I have no doubt that he will come. I have no idea what he did that afternoon.一主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。 _ he is a famous singer is known to us
3、. _ he will go to America is not yet fixed. _ shes coming or not doesnt matter too much. _ broke the glass yesterday is not clear.【keys】That; When/How; Whether; Who【归纳】1. 为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻, 经常用it作形式主语, 主语从句放在后面作 真正的主语。例：That her hair was turning gray worried her a lot.-It worried her a lot that her hai
4、r was turning gray.常考句型：Its likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that很可能 / 重要的是 / 必要的是 / 很清楚Its said / reported that据说/据报道It seems / appears / happens that显然、明显、碰巧Its been announced / declared that已经通知/宣布Its no wonder that并不奇怪/无疑Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge / a common saying th
5、at2. if不能引导主语从句，只能用whether3.单个的主语从句作主语时， 谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。例：When and where he was born hasnt been found.When he was born and where he was born havent been found.【巩固练习】1._ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.2._I can pay back the help that people g
6、ive me makes me very happy.3.Its not clear _ was responsible for the accident.4._ is in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail. 5._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.6._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.7._ is known to us all
7、 is that America is a developed country belonging to the First World. 8._ worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is that she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.9. It makes no difference _ you will go today or tomorrow.10.It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm.
8、【keys】1.what 2.that 3.who 4.what 5.that 6.whether 7.what 8.what 9.whether 10.that二表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。新增引导词：as if, as though , because例：It looks as if its going to rain.【归纳】1. 如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice, order, demand, proposal等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略。例：His suggestion is that we (should) fi
9、nish the work at once.2.固定句型：The reason why .is that 的理由是， 的原因是It is because 这是因为【巩固练习】1.This town is _ she was born.2.The question is _ we cant go there today.3.The reason why he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.4.My advice is that he _ (go) to school by bike.5._ she c
10、ouldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.6.Energy is _ makes things work.7.The result is _ we won the game.8.This is _ we want to know.9. But where she could get suggestions and _ will give her advice puzzles her.【keys】1.where 2.that 3.that 4.(should) go 5.what
11、;why 6.what 7.that 8.what 9.who三宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。【归纳】1. 在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。某些形容词如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以带有宾语从句。例：We believe that he is honest. Pay attention to what the teacher said.I am sure/certain that hes at home now.adj + 宾语从句，即“形宾”：形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain
12、, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等2. 如果宾语从句是由that 引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句, 那么只有第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.例：He said ( that ) the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.如
13、果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.例：He has made it clear that he will win the game.3.表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，如advise, suggest, order, request, require, demand 等，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,should可省略。4.在“主语+ believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从句肯定。例：I dont think he will come.5.宾语从句
14、的时态呼应：a. 如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.b. 如果主句谓语是一般过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。【巩固练习】1.Tell me_ is on your mind.2.We must stick to _ we have agreed on.3. To find out _ she can get slimmer and healthier has become her main task4. Jane Goodalls research makes_ clea
15、r that chimps actually eat meat.5.Jane Goodall argues _ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment.6.No one knows exactly _ the earth began, as it happened so long ago7.The girls began to realize _ Canada is quite empty after two days travel.8.Burns are called first, seco
16、nd or third degree burns, depending on _ layers of the skin are burned.【keys】1.what 2.what 3.how 4.it 5.that 6.when 7.that 8.which四同位语从句在复合句中起同位语的作用。 一般放在名词 idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ；problem ；news, information; hope; thought; promise等之后, 用以说明或解释前面的名词。【归纳】1. which和whose不能引导同位语从句2. 名词suggestion, ad
17、vice, order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动 词原形, should可省略。3. 同位语从句有时没有紧跟在名词后面，而是被别的词分开，称为隔裂式同位语从句。4. 如何判断同位语从句和定语从句?a. 定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个成分，充当宾语成分时可省略。b. 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用, 无具体含义,且不可省略.【巩固练习】1.We all know the truth _ the
18、earth goes round the sun.2.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.3.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China.4.The fact_he didnt see Tom yesterday is true.5.The suggestion _ he put forward at the meeting was agreed to by most people.6.Some people have the idea _ yo
19、u can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact _ Canada is 5,500 kilometers from coast to coast.【keys】1.that 2.whether 3.that 4.that 5.that 6.that;that五强调句 句型：It is +who/that +其他【综合练习】I.单句填空1._is to take Li Mings place is being discussed2I got very angry with_he said3My idea is_
20、we should get more people to finish the work4I wonder_it is true or not5The problem is_we could help smokers kick their habit.6._life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.7.It is true _ he settled the argument.8. They are careful about _ they eat.9.The discussion topic for today is _ s
21、chool will be like in the future.10._ many rare animals may disappear is a serious matter in the world.11. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action. 12. We havent settled the question _it is necessary for him to study abroad.13._make
22、s this shop different is that it offers more personal services.14. See the flags on top of the building? That was_we did this morning. 15. Please remind me_he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. 16. - What did your parents think about your decision? - They always let me do _ I think
23、I should. 17. One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.【keys】1.who 2.what 3.that 4.whether 5.how 6.what 7.that 8.what 9.what 10.that 11.that 12.whether 13.what 14.what 15.when 16.what 17.thatII.单句改错1. Exactly when the first people arrived in where we now know
24、 as California, no one really knows.2. In Disneyland, children can do almost everything what they are interested in.3. Please keep it in mind about that a stitch in time saves nine.4. Try not to start smoking, because that is what 10 million people die every year in the world.5. She was extremely an
25、gry hearing that, and thats because she left the board meeting without saying a word.6. She left the board meeting without saying a word, and it was why she was extremely angry hearing that.7. She was extremely angry hearing that, which I guess was the reason that she left the board meeting without
26、saying a word.8. She was so angry hearing it that when she left the board meeting without saying a word.9. They were eager to find out which the most famous tourist spot was in that city.10. Xie Leis tutor told her that other people thought was not the most important thing.11. We must work hard to g
27、et prepared because we dont know that what we will be faced with in the future.12. That really matters is that you have the courage to stand up when youre beaten down.13. It is that you have the courage to stand up when youre beaten down what matters.14. We are all sure about that you will make a go
28、od teacher in the future.15. We are all sure you will get the problems solved and you will make an excellent teacher in the future.16. Id appreciate if you helped me out of this.【keys】1. 去掉in 2.what-that 3.去掉about 4.what-why 5.because-why5. why-because 7.that-why 8.去掉when 9.which-whether 10. that-what 11.去掉that 12.第一个that-what 13.when-that 14.去掉about 15.and后加that 16.if前加it
