1、英语国家概况英语国家概况期末复习题（含答案）（第I卷客观题共45分）1. 选择题 （共 30 分; 每题 1 分）U.K.1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on . DA. passing the bills B. advising the governmentC. political parties D. public attitude2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by
2、 pragmatism and . DA. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reform D. a belief in individualism3. Oxford Universityis the oldest university in the English-speaking world.4. Cabinet members are chosen by in Britain. BA. the monarch B. the Prime MinisterC. the Archbishop D
3、. the Lord Chancellor5. English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages.6. The Severn Riveris the longest river in Britain.7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except . AA. Trooping the Color B. Queen s Christmas messageC. Boxing Day D. Christmas
4、pantomime8. Among Britain quaslity press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ BigThree with the exception of The Observer.9. In 2012, Britain had a population of about 63 million.10. The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland.11. British Prime Minister Margare
5、t Thatcher once said that, “ Britain and thtedUSntiates willstand side by side ”.12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it . AA. set up the National Health Services B. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax system D. enhanced the economic development13. Marg
6、aret Thatcher govsernment introduced the biggest changes in British economic policy since World War II.14. Charles Dickensis a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19 th century.15. The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT . CA. the fre
7、quent fog in winter B. the large number of rainy daysC. extreme coldness even in summer D. changeability all the year round16. Samuel Johnson dsictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of spelling in English.17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of
8、Latin and Greek words to English.18. was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. CA. Australia B. CanadaC. India D. the Union of South Africa19. Of the following sectors in Britain, service industry has experienced spectacular growthsi nee the end of World War II.20. Cambr
9、idge has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain.21. Writers of literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with reasonand intellect. CA. Ren aissa nee B. Neo-Classical C. Roma ntic D. Victoria n22. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of . CA.
10、the House of Valois B. the House of YorkC. the House of Tudor D. the House of Lan caster23. Tourists from all over the world come to enjoy the beauty of Scottish seenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsme n weari ng kilts.24. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England. CA. Viking i
11、n vasi on B. sig ning of the Magna CartaC. Norma n Conq uest D. adopti on of com mon law25. Common wealth Day is an ann ual event celebrated on the second Monday in March each year.26. Such big cities as Glasgow, Manchester, Sheffield and Newcastle are famous for the .DA. oil in dustry B. car in dus
12、tryC. shipp ing compa nies D. coalfields27. During the 15 th and 16th centuries an intellectual movement known as swept Europe. was the greatest playwright of the world produced in this period in En gla nd. DA. Roma nee, Geoffrey Chaucer B. Christia ni ty, George Bernard ShawC. Italia n literary in
13、flue nee, Sonnet D. Ren aissa nee, Shakespeare28. Aestheticism is the belief that artists have no obligati on other tha n to strive for beauty- “ a rfor art s sake ” . The most important representative of Aestheticism is . BA. Thomas Hardy B. Oscar WildeC. Virgi nia Woolf D. William Butler Yeats29.
14、The direct cause for the Religious Reformati on was Ki ng Henry VIII ffort to divorce his wife.30. is viewed as Romantic poetry s “ Declaration of Independence ” .A. I Won dered Lon ely as a Cloud ” B. Don Jua nC. “ Preface to Lyrical Ballads ” D. Prometheus UnboundU.S.31. The U.S. lies in central N
15、orth America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its east and the Pacific to its west.32. “ No taxation without representation Was the rallying slogan before the War ofIndependence.33. The Constitution of the United States tries to give each branch enough power to balance
16、the others.34. The following except the right to get into people s houseaby guedreeteed in the Billof Rights.35. Of the following persons, the can NOT make legislative proposal in the U.S. AA. Secretary of State B. Preside ntC. Represe ntative D. Sen ator36. Of the following subjects, politics and b
17、usiness education are NOT offered to elementary school stude nts in the U.S.37. Abraham Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation to grant freedom to all the slaves in the U.S.38. The terms for a Senator and a Representative in the U.S. are six and two years respectively.39. The Natio nal Day of the
18、Uni ted States falls on July 4h.40. Washington Irvingis regarded as “ the father of American literature ”.41. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard University.42. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in Lexington43. The symbol of the Democ
19、ratic Party is a/an donkey, and a/an elephant represents theRepublica n Party.44. The eastern part of the United States consists of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range and the western part consists of high plateaus and the Rocky Mountains.45. Alaska is the largest state in the whole United
20、 States and Texasis the largest state in the part of the U.S. that is on the mainland.46. In the United States, the Bill of Rights guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedoms47. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually, to . BA. colonial ec
21、onomy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyB. colonial economy, farming economy, in dustrial economyC. farming economy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyD. han dcraft economy, farming economy, in dustrial economy48. The Supreme Court in the United States is composed of nine justices.49. The
22、 characteristic of dominant American culture is . BA. En glish-speak ing, n orther n Europea n, Protesta nt and upper-classB. En glish-speak ing, wester n Europea n, Protesta nt and middle-classC. En glish-speak ing, n orther n Europea n, Roma n Catholic and middle-classD. En glish-speak ing, wester
23、 n Europea n, Roma n Catholic and upper-class50. The following inventions took place during the “ secondindustrial revolution except refrigerator.51. Of the following, is NOT a characteristic of Mark Twain C s works.A. a realistic view B. a sense of humorC. an idealistic view D. colloquial speech52.
24、 The first successful English colony in North America was founded at Jamestown in Virginia.53. America produces a major portion of the world s products in the followjntgoiteJds exce54. F. Scott Fitzgerald s finest novel is , and its theme is about D .A. Tales of the Jazz Age the loss of on eselfB. T
25、enderis the Night, loveC. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human natureD. The Great Gatsby, the American Dream55. Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway. CA. A Farewell to Arms B. For Whom the Bell TollsC. The Sou nd and the Fury D. The Sun Also Rises56. The policy of th
26、e United States was at the beginning of the two world wars. CA. appeaseme nt B. full in volveme ntC. n eutrality D. partial in volveme nt57. The first people on the American continent came from as early as thousand yearsago. CA. Asia, 2 B. Europe, 2 C. Asia, 20 D. Europe, 2058. The first National Ba
27、nk of the United States was established with the urge of . AA. Alexa nder Hamilt on B. An drew Jacks onC. George Wash ington D. Thomas Jeffers on59. Of the following universities, Massachusetts Institute of Technologyhas NOT cultivated anyAmerica n Preside nts yet.60. Of the following writers, is NO
28、T a Nobel Prize winner. AA. Alice Walker B. Ernest Hemi ngwayC. Eugene O Neil D. William Faulkner61. The followi ng except are all powers of the U.S. Preside nt. BA. appo inting federal judges whe n vaca ncies occurB. making lawsC. issu ing executive ordersD. veto ing any bills passed by Con gress62
29、. Since 1959, the United States has been a country of 50 states.63. Chicago is the third largest city in the United States. It serves as the main connection betwee n the easter n coast cities and the West.64. The distribution of the population in the U.S. is rather uneven. The most densely populated
30、regi on is the part of the coun try. A69. The first time that Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain was . DA. after the establishme nt of the Com mon wealth of AustraliaB. after World War IIC. during the Great Depression of the 1930sD. during the Pacific War in World War II70.
31、Australia s economy depends largely on . CA. agriculture B. manu facturi ngC. foreig n trade D. tourism71. The Howard government foreign policy was based on relations with four key countries, n amely in Australia. BA. the U.S., Japan, Britain, ChinaC. the U.S., Japa n, Brita in, Indon esiaB. the U.S
32、., Japa n, China, Indon esiaD. the U.S., Brita in, China, Indon esia72. Australian system of teaching and school discipline put emphasis on the following except . CA. lear ning by discovery and questi oningB. self-discipli neC. outward discipli neD. encouraging student s interest in learning73. Canberra is Australia s capital.74. In 2013
