1、版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Theuniversallanguage讲义牛津译林版Unit 2 The universal language(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1stubborn adj. 固执的，顽固的2motherland n. 祖国3opportunity n. 机遇，时机4prejudice n. 偏见，成见vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见5discrimination n. 歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力6liberty n. 自由7awesome adj. 极好的；令人惊叹的，令人敬畏的8personnel n. 人事部门；职员，全体人员9department n. 部，
2、司，局，处，系10composer n纵联1 作曲者，作曲家11folk adj. 民间的，民俗的n. 人们；亲属(尤指父母)12kindergarten n. 幼儿园13sore adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的.重点单词写其形1cast vt.& vi. 选派角色；投射(光、影)； 向投以(视线、笑容)2condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指责，谴责3dare vt.& vi.& aux. 敢于，胆敢4seize vt. 逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占5decline n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.& vt. 衰落；下降；婉言谢绝6seek vt.& vi.纵联2 试图，设法；寻找，寻求7
3、root n. 起源，起因；根，根茎8demand vt. 需要；强烈要求n. 要求；需求9scold vt.纵联3 训斥，责骂10deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期11broken adj. 破损的，受伤的；中止了的；不连续的12trend n. 趋势，动向13scream vi.n纵联4 尖叫，高声喊；呼啸 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音.拓展单词通其变1universal adj.共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的universe n宇宙2disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的disturbed adj.心理不正常的；精神失常的disturb vt.打扰；使中断；使焦虑3unw
4、illing adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的willing adj.自愿的willingness n乐意4evident adj.清楚的，显然的evidence n证据；证词5merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的mercy n宽容，仁慈，怜悯6unemployment n失业unemployed adj.失业的employment n雇佣，工作，职业employ v雇佣employer n雇主employee n雇员7collection n作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走collect vt.收集collector n收集者；收藏家8tendency n倾向，偏
5、好；趋势，趋向tend v倾向；趋向9gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地纵联1.“音乐”达人perform vt. 演出；表演performance n. 演出；表演classical adj. 古典的compose vt.& vi. 作(曲)composer n. 作曲者conduct vt. 指挥conductor n. (乐队等的)指挥album n. 专辑纵联2.多途径“搜寻”seek 寻找，探寻explore 探索，探究track 跟踪；追踪hunt 寻找；猎取纵联3“指责，谴责”家族scold 责骂，斥责criticiz
6、e 批评，指责blame 指责，责备accuse 谴责，指控condemn 谴责，判刑纵联4.为何“大喊大叫”？scream 因恐惧、快乐等尖叫cry 因恐惧、痛苦等喊叫shout 高声喊叫yell 因外界刺激尖叫call 大声说话或喊叫单元话题音乐子话题1乐理知识pitch音高 note音符scale音阶 chord和弦compose作曲子话题2音乐类型symphony交响乐 solo独奏choir合唱 pop music流行音乐rock music摇滚乐 classical music古曲乐folk music 民间音乐子话题3常见乐器instrument乐器 guitar吉他violin
7、小提琴 accordion手风琴harp竖琴 trumpet小号学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2016江苏高考阅读B)Chimps (黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild see
8、k food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline _ (share) food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.写出加黑词在本单元的近义词：demand，意为“要求”，短语demand_to_do_sth.意为“要求做某事”。写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：寻找，构成短语seek sth. for sb.，意为“为某人寻找某物”。此外，seek还可以构成短语seek after/for，意为“寻找，找到”；se
9、ek ones fortune，意为“找出路，碰运气”。用所给词的适当形式填空：to_share，share在此构成短语share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”。2(2012北京高考阅读B)Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No redos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not jus
10、tified, and I believed I deserved a second chance.写出加黑词在本单元的同根反义词：awesome，意为“极好的”。写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：伤心的，悲伤的写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：opportunity，意为“机会”，构成短语take the opportunity to do sth./of doing sth.，意为“有机会做某事”。高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018浙江高考书面表达)我认为这是一次拓宽视野、提高英语口语的好机会。(opportunity)I_think_it_is_a_good_op
11、portunity_to_broaden_my_perspective_as_well_as_improve_my_spoken_English.2(2013四川高考书面表达)我们应该一次又一次地重复老师们教给我们的东西，然后我们就能理解或记住老师要求掌握的知识。(demand)We_should_repeat_what_the_teachers_taught_us_again_and_again,_and_then_we_can_understand_or_remember_the_knowledge_which_the_teachers_demand_to_master. (二)课堂重点释
12、疑1cast (cast, cast) vt.&vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向投以(视线、笑容) n全体演员记牢be cast down (by sth.) (因某事)沮丧/失望cast light on/upon 弄清楚，使人明白cast a glance/look at/toward . 朝瞧了瞧cast sb. as . 选派某人演角色练通 单句语法填空The circumstances were all against Joe, but he was not cast down. He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his lates
13、t movie. 完成句子Here are the research findings that cast_new_light_on the origin of our universe.这就是对宇宙起源有新认识的研究发现。She cast_a_quick_glance_at the notepad to see if there were any messages for her. 她很快地瞄了一眼记事簿，看是否有留给她的口信。 写美(2012湖北高考书面表达)虽然破旧的(shabby)校园和设施简陋的教室让我感到失望，但是我发现老师们耐心又体贴。Cast_down_as_I_felt_at
14、_the_shabby_campus_and_the_poorlyequipped_classroom,_I_found_the_teachers_patient_and_considerate.2condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责记牢be condemned to sth. 被处以某种刑罚；使某人被迫接受困境condemn sb. to death 判处某人死刑condemn sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而谴责某人condemn . as . 指责为be condemned to do sth. 注定做某事练通 单句语法填空He was widely co
15、ndemned for his cruel action towards his elderly parents.Their lack of qualifications condemned them to a lifetime of boring, usually poorlypaid work. 完成句子Do you condemn_yourself_for things which you did or failed to do in the past?你是否为你曾经做过的或没有做到的事而对自己耿耿于怀？The judge condemned_the_drunk_driver_to_st
16、ay in prison for six months.法官判这个酒驾司机六个月拘役。写美(2017全国卷书面表达)既然你擅长乒乓球，你注定会是最合适的人选。Since_you_are_good_at_table_tennis,_you_are_condemned_to_be_the_most_suitable_person.3dare vt.& vi.& aux.敢于，胆敢记牢dare to do sth. 敢于做某事dare sb. to do sth. 激某人做某事，谅某人无胆量做某事I dare say 我想；很可能；大概练通 单句语法填空They dare not play (pla
17、y) a joke on him in case he becomes angry. We know that he wont dare to_break (break) his promise. 完成句子He dared_me_to_jump from the bridge into the river.他激我，说我不敢从桥上跳到河里去。I_dare_say youre feeling tired after your journey. 我相信你旅行后一定感到累了。 Dare he ask his boss for promotion?Yes, he_dare./No, he_darent.
18、他敢向他的老板请求升职吗？是的，他敢。/不，他不敢。用准(1)dare用作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化。常见搭配：dare to do sth.“敢于做某事”。 在否定句和疑问句中to可以省略。(2)dare用作情态动词时，通常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，其否定式为dare not。写美(2010北京高考书面表达)面对困境，他们从不放弃，敢于尽自己最大的努力找到出路。Faced_with_difficulties,_they_never_give_up_but_dare_to_try_their_best_to_find_a_way_out.4sei
19、ze vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占记牢seize sth. from . 从抓取/夺取某物seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会/机遇seize sb. by the 部位 抓住某人练通完成句子I think that there is no reason why we should not seize_this_opportunity and this moment.我认为没有任何理由让我们不去抓住这次机会和这一时刻。Before the thief could run away, the brave girl seized_him_by_the_c
20、ollar.在小偷逃跑之前，这个勇敢的女孩抓住了他的衣领。He seized_the_letter_from my hand and began to read out loud.他从我手里夺过信开始大声读起来。用准seize指突然一把“抓住”某人或某物时，可直接用被抓的部位作宾语，也可用“seize sb. by the部位”结构，但表示部位的名词前不可用物主代词。写美(2015湖南高考书面表达)老人获救了，我们很高兴。并且，我记得车牌号，之后交警抓住了司机。The_old_man_was_saved_and_we_felt_very_pleased._Whats_more,_I_remem
21、bered_the_number_of_the_car,_and_the_traffic_police_seized_the_driver_later.5demand vt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求记牢(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事(sb.) demand that sb. (should) do sth. (某人)要求某人做某事(that从句使用虚拟语气)(2)in demand 需求大；受欢迎的on demand 一经要求satisfy/meet the/ones demands 满足(某人的)要求练通 单句改错He has promised to repay t
22、he loan at any time in demand. inonThe hijackers are demanding to speaking to representatives of both governments.speakingspeakThe manager demanded that the workers worked extra hours to complete the task ahead of time. workedwork 完成句子We have good firms whose products are in_demand around the world.
23、我们有优秀的公司，生产全世界都受欢迎的产品。Its impossible to meet/satisfy_all_your_demands.满足你所有的要求是不可能的。用准demand不能用于demand sb. to do sth.结构；“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb. sth.，要用demand sth. of/from sb.。写美(2016全国卷书面表达)摄影俱乐部要求照片要与环境保护有关。The_photography_club_demands_that_the_photos_be_related_to_environmental_protection.6decline n
24、衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.& vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝辨清写出下列句中decline的词性和含义We asked her to come to our party, but she declined. vt.谢绝There has been a sharp decline in profits this year.n.下降His health has begun to decline because he is old.vi.衰退The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000.vi.下降记牢(1)fall/go into (
25、a) decline 陷入衰退in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路(2)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事练通完成句子I didnt know why the boy declined_to_answer a question. 我不知道那个男孩为什么拒绝回答问题。He is still one of the worlds most popular golfers, but his skill is in_decline/on_the_decline.他仍是世界上最受欢迎的高尔夫球选手之一，但他的球技大不如前。And other research
26、ers have argued there are decades to go before oil production goes/fallsinto_decline. 还有人认为，石油产量在走向衰退之前，还有几十年的上升空间。写美(2014四川高考书面表达)在过去的十个月里，我们一直忙于准备这次考试，没有去参加任何聚会。Over_the_past_ten_months,_we_have_been_busy_in_preparing_for_this_examination_and_declined_to_attend_any_party.7seek (sought, sought) vt.
27、& vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求记牢seek (for) sth./sb. from . 从寻找某物/某人seek after 追求；追寻seek to do sth. 试图做某事seek ones fortune 找出路；碰运气seek out 搜寻出；找出练通 单句语法填空If you have any questions, you can seek help from your teammates.Fortunately, the tourists sought out a shelter to escape from the unexpected shower. 完成句子Differe
28、nt men seek_after_happiness in different ways and by different methods.不同的人以不同的方式和手段寻求幸福。Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even seek_to_find_the_answer_to that question. 许多人在他们的一生中都在逃避或根本没有去寻找过那个问题的答案。写美(2015湖北高考书面表达)通过这次经历，我认识到质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。From_this_experience_I_have_learnt_that_quest
29、ioning_can_serve_as_a_bridge_that_helps_us_to_seek_the_truth.联想表示“寻找”的短语还有look for, search for, hunt for等。词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1The play is being cast (选派角色) in both China and Britain.2UN officials say two military observers were seized (逮捕) by the Khmer Rouge yesterday.3He was unwilling (不愿意) to make a pre
30、diction about which books would sell best in the coming year.4The couple have sought (寻找) help from marriage guidance counsellors. 5Most plants will root (生根) in about six to eight weeks.6Dont scold (责骂) her; shes nothing but a child. 7We were not able to meet the deadline (最后期限) because of manufacturin
