1、专八听力minilecture真题及答案doc2015英语专业八级听力第一部分MINI-LECTURELISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREUnderstanding Academic LecturesListening to academic lectures is an important task fro university students.Then, how can we comprehend a lecture efficientlyI.Understand all (1) _A.B.wordsC.(2) _-stress-in
2、tonation-(3) _ II. Adding informationA.lecturers: sharing information with audienceB.listeners: (4) _C.sources of information-knowledge of (5) _-(6) _ of the world D. listening involving three steps: -hearing-(7) _-addingIII. (8) _A.reasons:-overcome noise-save time& B. (9) _ -content -organization
3、IV. Evaluating while listeningA.helps to decide the (10) _ of notesB.helps to remember information答案：1. parts of meanings 2. sound/vocal features 3. rhythm 4. absorbing 5. subject 6. experience 7. reinterpreting 8. prediction 9. what to listen 10. Importance;20152014ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM8) PART I LIST
4、ENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE How to Reduce Stress Life is full of things that cause us stress. Though we may not like stress, we have to live with it. I. Definition of stress A. (1) reaction (1) physical . force exerted between two touching bodies B. human reaction . response to (2) on
5、 someone (2) a demand . increase in breathing, heart rate, (3) (3) blood pressure or muscle tension II. (4) (4) Category of stress A. positive stress where it occurs: Christmas, wedding, (5) (5) a job B. negative stress where it occurs: test-taking situations, friends death III. Ways to cope with st
6、ress A. recognition of stress signals monitor for (6) of stress (6) signals find ways to protect oneself B. attention to body demand effect of (7) (7) exercise and nutrition C. planning and acting appropriately reason for planning (8) of planning (8) result D. learning to (9) (9) accept . delay caus
7、ed by traffic E. pacing activities manageable task (10) (10) reasonable speed 2013SECTION A MINI-LECTUREWhat Do Active Learners DoThere are difference between active learning and passive learning.Characteristics of active learners:I. reading with purposesA. before reading: setting goalsB. while read
8、ing: (1) _II. (2) _ and critical in thinking. information processing, .- connections between the known and the new information- identification of (3) _ concepts- judgment on the value of (4) _.III. active in listeningA. ways of note-taking: (5) _.B. before note-taking: listening and thinkingIV. bein
9、g able to get assistanceA. reason 1: knowing comprehension problems because of (6) _.B. Reason 2: being able to predict study difficultiesV. being able to question informationA. question what they read or hearB. evaluate and (7) _.VI. Last characteristic【A. attitude toward responsibility- active lea
10、rners: accept- passive learners: (8) _B. attitude toward (9) _- active learners: evaluate and change behaviour- passive learners: no change in approachRelationship between skill and will: will is more important in (10) _.Lack of will leads to difficulty in college learning.参考答案：1. checking their und
11、erstanding2. reflective on information3. incomprehensible4. what you read5. organized6. monitoring their understanding7. differentiate8. blame9. performance10. active learningSection A Mini-lecture或者1、checking understanding。2、reflective3、puzzling/confusing4、what is read5、comprehensive and organized6
12、、constant understanding monitoringHowever, there are differences in daily life observation and research observation. Differences - daily life observation -casual -(1) _ -dependence on memory - research observation - (2) _ - careful record keeping B. Ways to select samples in research - time sampling
13、 - systematic: . fixed intervals every hour ！- random: fixed intervals but (3) _ Systematic sampling and random sampling are often used in combination. - (4) _ - definition: selection of different locations - reason: humans or animals behaviour (5) _ across circumstances - (6) _: more objective obse
14、rvations C. Ways to record behaviour (7) _ - observation with intervention - participant observation: researcher as observer and participant - field experiment: research (8) _ over conditions - observation without intervention - purpose: describing behaviour (9) _ - (10) _ : no intervention- researc
15、her: a passive recorder1: rarely formal records 2: systematic objective manner 3: variable4: situation sampling 5: vary 6: advantage 7: as it occurs 8: have more control 9: in natural setting 10: method Interview,2011 Classifications of Cultures According to Edward Hall, different cultures result in
16、 different ideas about the world. Hall is an anthropologist. He is interested in relations between cultures. I. High-context culture A. feature - context: more important than the message - meaning: (1)_ . more attention paid to (2) _ than to the message itself B. examples - personal space - preferen
17、ce for (3)_ 】- less respect for privacy / personal space - attention to (4)_ - concept of time - belief in (5)_ interpretation of time - no concern for punctuality - no control over time II. Low-context culture A. feature - message: separate from context - meaning: (6)_ B. examples - personal space
18、- desire / respect for individuality / privacy - less attention to body language - more concern for (7)_ - attitude toward time - concept of time: (8)_ - dislike of (9)_ - time seen as commodity III. Conclusion /Awareness of different cultural assumptions - relevance in work and life . business, neg
19、otiation, etc. - (10)_ in successful communication1. apart from the message is happening language itself message itself means everything 1. and significance 2. the context 或 what is doing 3. closeness to people 4. body language 5. polychronic 6. in itself 7. personal space 8. monochrome 9. lateness
20、10. multicultural situation 2010Paralinguistic Features of LanguageIn face-to-face communication speakers often alter their tomes of voice or change their physical postures in order to convey messages. These means are called paralinguistic features of language, which fall into two categories.First c
21、ategory: vocal paralinguistic features(1)_: to express attitude or intention (1)_Examples1. whispering: need for secrecy2. breathiness: deep emotion3. (2)_: unimportance (2)_4. nasality: anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacySecond category: physical paralinguistic featuresfacial expressions
22、(3)_ (3)_- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcomeless common expressions- eye brow raising: surprise or interest- lip biting: (4)_ (4)_gesturegestures are related to culture.British culture- shrugging shoulders: (5) _ (5)_- scratching head: puzzlementother cultures- placing hand upon heart:(6)_ (6)_
23、- pointing at nose: secretproximity, posture and echoingproximity: physical distance between speakers&- closeness: intimacy or threat- (7)_: formality or absence of interest (7)_Proximity is person-, culture- and (8)_ -specific. (8)_posture- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate(9)_ (9)_-
24、 direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitudeechoing- definition: imitation of similar posture- (10)_: aid in communication (10)_- conscious imitation: mockery1 tones of voice 2 huskiness 3 universal signal。 4 thought or uncertainty 5 indifference 6 honesty 7 distance。 8 situ
25、ation。 9 mood。 10 unconsciously same posture2009Writing Experimental ReportsI. Content of an experimental report, .- study subject/ area- study purpose- _1_/II. Presentation of an experimental report- providing details- regarding readers as _2_III. Structure of an experimental report- feature: highl
26、y structured and _3_- sections and their content:INTRODUCTION _4_。 why you did itMETHOD how you did itRESULT what you found out_5_ what you think it shows、IV. Sense of readership- _6_: reader is the marker- _7_: reader is an idealized, hypothetical, intelligent person with little knowledge of your s
27、tudy- tasks to fulfill in an experimental report:introduction to relevant areanecessary background informationdevelopment of clear argumentsdefinition of technical termsprecise description of data _8_V. Demands and expectations in report writing- early stage:understanding of study subject/area and i
28、ts implications basic grasp of the reports format- later stage: _9_ on research significance- things to avoid in writing INTRODUCTION:Inadequate material _10_ of research justification for the studyMINI-LECTURE 1. Study result/ findings 2. Audience 3. Disciplined 4. what you did 5. DISCUSSION 6. a c
29、ommon mistake 7. in reality 8. obtained / that you obtained 9. attention / foucs / emphasis 10.暂无10.2008The Popularity of EnglishI. Present status of EnglishA. English as a native/first language：B. English as a lingua franca: a language for communication among peoplewhose (1)_ are different (1)_C. Number of people speakin
