1、英语英语情态动词专项习题及答案解析（英语）英语情态动词专项习题及答案解析一、单项选择情态动词1_ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window.AWould BShallCMust DMay【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：那位抱小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的
2、请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。【点睛】would的用法1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。2According to a newly
3、 released regulation on online video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.Acan Bshall Cwill Dmay【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见； 二三人称陈述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意
4、愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulation（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。3Im sorry, but you _ go wrong. Theres no such man here.Aneed Bcan Cmust Dwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：很抱歉，但是你一定是弄错了。这儿没有这么个人。A. need需要；B. can能够；C. must必须；D. will将会。must指有把握的推测，“一定；必定”，结合下文Theres no such man here.可知一定是弄错了。故选C。4Its already 11 oclock
5、, and he _ have been here half an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.Amust Bought toCmay Dcan【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。5We _ take clean drinking water for gr
6、anted. One day we may run out of it.Aneednt BcantCwont Dshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldnt“不应该”，符合句意。neednt不必；cant不可能；wont将不。故选D。6I feel a little nervous.Take it easy. You _ have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for it well.Amustnt Bneednt C
7、may not Dshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我觉得有点紧张。不要着急。当你准备充分时，通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustnt禁止，不允许；B. neednt不必；C. may not可能不会；D. shouldnt不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。7You _ be right but Im going back to check anyway.Ashould Bmust Cneed Dmight【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你或许是对的，但我还是要回去核对一下。A. should应该；B. must一定，必须；C. need需要；D. mi
8、ght或许。本题主要考查情态动词表示推测的用法，由Im going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。故选D项。【点睛】can / could用于表推测的用法(1)从使用句型上看，can通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句，而could可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could比 can更委婉，更不确定。(2)从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测，后接be doing结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。二、may / might用于表推测的用法表示推测，两者都可用，只是mi
9、ght比may语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如本题，根据Im going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。(1)在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。三、must表示推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形；表示对过去情况的推测，接动词完成式。8It_ have
10、been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.Amay Bcan Cmust Dshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能；B. can可能；C. must一定；D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。9AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _
11、 be used responsibly and in a proper way.Acan Bneed Cmust Dwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征，但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法，结合句意表示“必须”，故选C。10The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould they Bthey s
12、houldCdare they Dthey dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。11I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.Awould Bmight Cshould Dmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我经常感到烦恼，
13、我的奶奶会安慰我说，“生活就是这样，亲爱的”。此处是would+动词原形，表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。12The room is so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.Awill BneedCcan Dmust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。13It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last nig
14、ht.Amight BmustCcan Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如
15、此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：They started early this morning; they
16、 must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是：They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）14Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he _ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.Ashould BcouldCwould Dmight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：安说无论
17、什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候，他就会出去买些东西，通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该；B. could能；C. would总是，愿意；D. might可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事，故选C。15Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.Aneed have practised Bmight practiseCmust have practised Dcould practise【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must
18、have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。16I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child _ make such a foolish mistake.Ashall BmustCcan Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。 句意：我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为竟会、居然，这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外，shall表示允诺，命令等，must表示必须，c
19、an表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。17Well make the final decision on our scheme. _ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.AShould BWere CWould DHad【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind。故选A。【点
20、睛】虚拟语气中的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.Should he fail, he would kill himself.万一失败，他就会自杀。2）If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。要是我能做此事，我一定会做。3）If he had seen you yesterday, he wou
21、ld have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。18Tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!Aw
22、ouldnt Bmustnt Cneednt Dmay not【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：汤姆，你不要把所有的衣服都这样扔在地板上! A. wouldnt 不会； B. mustnt 禁止；C. neednt不需要；D. may not不可以。本句为祈使句，所以mustnt “禁止”符合句意。故选B项。19 Jim _ what I said annoying though he didnt say anything. So you mean you will have to apologize to him?Amust find Bmight find Cshould
23、have found Dmust have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查must have done结构。句意：吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦，尽管他什么也没说。所以你是说你得向他道歉？根据“though he didnt say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测，用must have done表示“过去一定做了”，故D项正确。20(2018天津) I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.Ashould leave Bmust have leftCmight
24、 leave Dcould have left【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but Im not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。【点睛】情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点。本题抓住两点：第一、时态。根据句中时间状语可以判断出是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词 + have done；如果是对现在事情的推测，才用情态动词+v原形。第二、情态动词的选择。mus
25、t为肯定推测，表示“一定”，could为不肯定推测，表示“可能”，这样就能选出正确答案。21He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt be Bcant have finishedCcant be Dmustnt have finished【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为cant have done不可能做某事，
26、故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.22You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.Amight Bneed Cshoul
27、d Dwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你无法想象一个行为良好的绅士会对一位女士如此粗鲁A. might可能；B. need需要 ；C. should竟然； D. would会。由You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman. 可知，should“竟然”符合句意。故选项C项。23May you live longer, grandpa!Thank you! Its the favorite wish I _.Ashould have waited for Bmust have waited forCmay have w
28、aited for Dcould have waited for【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done形式。 句意：爷爷祝您长寿！谢谢，这是我能够等待到的最喜欢的愿望。A. should have waited for 本应该等待； B. must have waited for 一定在等待；C. may have waited for可能已经等待； D. could have waited for可以已经等待的。表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for。故选D。【点睛】情态动词have done不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是高考的重点。情态动词
29、have done有两大功能：一是表示推测；二是表示虚拟。must have done过去一定做了某事，根据must的本意即可推敲出意思，比较好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了，他们应该睡觉了。should have done本该做某事却没做，should是应该，重点记忆最后的结果是没做某事。You should have told her that you loved her.你本应该告诉她你爱她。could have done字面意思是可能已经做了某事，也可用作本能做却没做某事，重点记忆最后的结果是没做。You
30、could have reviewed, but you played games all night.你本可以复习的，但你一晚上都在玩游戏。may have done也许已经做了某事。24What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You _ do anything except to be with them.Adont have to Boughtnt to Cmustnt Dcant【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你认为我们能为年迈的父母做些什么？除了和他们在一起，你不必做任何事情。A. dont have to不必；B. oughtnt to不应该；C. mustnt不可以；D. cant不能。根据语境可知，此处表示客观性的必须，dont have toexcept to“除了不必做”。故选A。【点睛】have to表示客观需求时，使用have to的情况要比must多。have to受客观条件或环境迫使而“不得不”做某事，突出客观性。mu
