1、英语词语辨析单词/短语解释/用法举例method方法，合乎逻辑，系统合法way普通用语，方式方法in an easy way/ in the best waymeans方式，手段the means of transportfashion样式manner行为样式，礼仪庄重a bad manner of holding a pencontain所含物体的全部A box contains 2 radios.include包含物体的一部分The goods include 2 radios.scarce用于一般或目前次数不多Water is scarce in the desert.rare罕见的，有
2、价值的rare elements稀有元素uncommon不经常发生而值得注意的事unusual不经常发生而值得注意的事not a little= veryHe is not a little fat.not a bit= not at allHe is not a bit fata little + n.= a bit of + n.bit by bit一点一点地do you bit做你分内的事quite a bit+U 很多quite a few+C =manyquite a little+U =muchdivide把整体分成若干份separate把原来在一起或靠近的分开separate y
3、our things from minebeat连续击打hit击中，打一下strike一次性的猛烈敲击Strike the iron when its till hot.趁热打铁material材料matter物质（总称）一件事substance具体物质gather人、物的聚集collect有计划有选择的收集、积存collect stampsjoin in+娱乐活动take part in+竞技活动，比赛attend+课程 (attendance)participate参与He suggested everyone the competition.journey长时间长距离旅行travel泛指
4、一切旅行，长距离trip短途，娱乐的旅行voyage海、空旅行tour观光考察say+具体内容speak+语言talk谈论tale to/ with sb.tell告诉steal偷steal from sb.rob抢劫rob of sb.cost花费(时间/精力/金钱)Sth. cost sb. some moneytake花费(时间/精力)It takes sb some time to dospend花费(时间/金钱)spend on; spend some time (in) doingpay for花费(金钱)sb. pay some money for sth.favorite语气强
5、，只作定语，无比较级、最高级。可作名词fond语气弱，只作表语be fond of (the film)dare do用于否定、疑问句How dare you say？dare to do用于肯定句dark与定冠词连用The dark came early in winter.in the dark蒙在鼓里keep/ leave sb in the darkdarkness黑暗Darkness is falling fast.similar相似的same相同的the same asalike因为有关系而相像be alikeas far as远到so far到目前为止（用于完成时）by far多
6、（修饰比较级、最高级）amusing娱乐性的有意思interesting使人有兴趣的funny滑稽的ill只能作表语，定语指“坏的”sick作表语或定语sickly作表语或定语。多病的illness得病后的身体疾病sickness晕船后的身体疾病disease具体病pain一般用于身心痛苦a pain in ones+部位ache部位+achetoothache, headachesmart剧痛，伤心Pepper makes her eyes smart.injury事故引起的wound战争中的刀伤、枪伤或剑伤hurt精神、感情、肉体上的疼痛almost常用于否定句，表程度接近nearly=v
7、ery, so 多与数词连用prepareprepare forprepare forrelationship强烈的感情色彩relation一般的人和群体关系agree on在某一问题上达成一致agree with人/opinion/idea/What he saidIt doesnt agree with (适合) the children.agree to赞同计划或提议、方法thought智力活动形成的想法opinion个人的初步见解idea通过思索而产生的想法make sure of+ n./ doingCan you the time of the meeting?be sure of
8、主观上的确信Im sure of his honest.be sure (that)主观上的确信Im sure that all the windows are closed.be sure to+ doHe is sure to come.be crazy about=be enthusiastic aboutbe crazy for=eagergo crazy发病crazy quiltlively生动的人或物，作定语/表语live动词alive活生生的，作定语The old man is alive.living作表语/前置定语，有生命的cause表前因后果 the cause ofI d
9、ont know the cause of the matter.reason原因，回答whyexcuse贬义，推卸责任的借口result强调某一行为、计划或事件产生的结果effect强调某一行为、计划或事件带来的效果influence某一行为、计划或事件对历史产生的影响as a result结果是as a result of+短语，原因是result in=lead to 导致，造成的结果His carelessness resulted in his failure.result from起因，由于引起His failure results from his carelessness.pu
10、t up搭建高于地面的建筑（垫高）set up建立（组织结构）=foundset up home安家build建造大型建筑物found建立（国家、组织）consist of由组成consist in 在于，存在于consist with与一致（相等）probably可能性大，约为90%Its probably thatlikely可能性大，约为90%sb. is likely to do/ Its likely to dopossible可能性小，约为50%Its possible for sb to do.custom+to do传统习惯、生活习惯Its his custom to have
11、 a cold bath.habit+doing自然形成的习惯Ive got a habit of having a cold bath.at a rent of以为租金free of rent免费租用rent sth from sb从某人那里租rent sth to sb把租给a part of一小部分，通常为一般以下part of一半以上或以下foolish愚蠢，智力缺乏silly不懂事stupid笨，反应迟钝be true of对适用，符合于The rule is true of everyone.match大小/色彩/形状/性质协调suit合乎需要/口味/性格/条件No dishes
12、suit all tastes.fit尺寸/形状/性格合适compareto把比作Girls are compared to parewith与相比real真的，实物，实况=imagingtrue指朋友、爱反义falseactual知识/经验/财产/价值。状态=supposed (reported)turn强调结果become强调变化的过程，状态get/ go变坏（难以扭转的）The meet went bad.grow逐渐变成新状态choose普通的挑选We cant choose but obey.select精心挑选pickpick and choose挑挑拣拣scenery自然景色sc
13、ene特定景色、人为景色view从窗口看到的部分景色pardon宽恕严重的错误excuse原谅小过失forgive宽恕别人对自己的冒犯continue强调持续延伸过程 +to do/ doing 有被动 to be continued（未完待续）last表动作，有时可与continue互换 The war lasted 3 months.go on+to do原事/ doing另一事keep强调保持的状态 +doingHe kept talking.keep on强调重复或决心He kept on asking questions.climate地区的平均气温、固定气候weather短时间内的
14、天气变化The weather has been nice for some days.close比near更近 adj./ adv.nearadj./ prep. =close toThe hospital is near our school.morethan与其说，还不如The car is more like a room than a vehiclemore than=not only 不仅仅是no more than=only 仅仅是not more than=at most不超过genius有最高贵的创造力giftC天赋，某方面的才能talentU才能awful过分崇敬或害怕而引
15、起dreadful不幸的事引起的dreadfully=very贬义What a dreadful cold day!terrible某人不安或难以忍受的痛苦certain确信；Its certain thatbe sure of =be certain ofsure确信；人be sure to doIm not sure weather he can win.quiet无打扰的silent寂静，沉默不语He is keeping silent.still静止动作Keep still.别动calm无风浪，情绪稳定安详calm downput强调动作的移动place正式，表目的，把安排在lay有秩
16、序地放do it主语不同时I dont have much time to do it. Who is going to do that?do thatdo so同一主语做前面同一动作We want to do so.add补充说add to增加The visit will our understanding of your country.add up to总计His education added up to no more than one year.add up加起来Please add up these e to总计;涉及;获得That comes to 230, madam.hea
17、r of/ about听说learn of/ aboutknow of/ aboutin order有序的out of order无序的in good order井然有序的in the order of按的顺序invent发明He invented an excuse for being late.discover发现Have you discovered who did it?rise不及物The sun rises in the east.raise及物。举起，养point to指远处；表明All the facts pointed to that he was a thief.point
18、 at指近处；瞄准He pointed his gun at me.point out指出point out the mistakes指出错误do sth. by turn轮流做= take turns to doin turn轮流at every turn处处，次次call at拜访+splI called at Mr Wangs home yesterday.call on拜访+n.Why dont you call on my sister when youre in Paris?call up打电话使想起He called me up from London.The music cal
19、ls up old times.call in请来Police have been called in to help find the missing car.destroydamageruindie down逐渐减弱；凋零The storm slowly died down. die away声音削弱；熄灭The music died away.die out灭绝This kind of bird is dieing outdie of死于内因He died of cancer.die from死于外因He died from a wound.happenoccur意外发生Several
20、fires have occurred.occur to(想法突然)浮现于脑海The possibility that she might be wrong never occurred to you.她压根没想到自己会错。take placecome out出现，被获知The moon has come e about发生，转向Tell me how the accident came e across偶然发现，遇到I came across his name on the list.be/get caught in意外遭遇到I was caught in a strong storm. y
21、esterday.only if只有才 the red light comes on, is there the danger to people.if only要是多好If only I were rich, I could buy a car.care about关心、在乎(否)He doesnt care about clothes.care for喜欢(Q)，照顾Would you care for a walk? 愿意去散个步么？take care小心Take care that the traffic light is red.take care of照顾，应付Dont worry
22、, I can take care of it.but for要不是But for the Party, we wouldnt have todays happiness.expect for除去（非同类的）Your English is good except the spelling mistakes.drop in at+timeDrop in at any time you want to.drop in on+sb.He dropped in on me last night when he passed my home.direct直接(时间/路程)The plane goes d
23、irect from A to B without stopping.directly立即；不久以后I will arrange the matter with him directly.energy人的精力force自然界的力量、暴力、压制力、法律、势力、军事力量、忘情力量、活动过程中的的力量strength固定潜在的力量，人的力气，物的强度、潜力power做事所依靠的能力、功能、发挥的力量、职权、权力、政权expect强调思想活动，有根据预料某事可能发生（好事）wait for强调动作hope期待，强调主观愿望。用于过去完成时时表示未曾实现的愿望或令人失望的事。hope后的从句用否定。I
24、hope not.look forward to用特别愉快的心情等待have funOn Saturday night, all I want to do is to relax and have fun.make fun ofPeople make fun of her because she often wears such a strange hat.for funI play with a stick for fun.rather与令人不愉快的adj. /adv.连用（bad, ugly, stupid），可放too前可放alike, like, similar, different等
25、和比较级前，含义为有点、稍微The book is rather too easy.Tom is rather a fat fellow. = Tom is a rather fat fellow.fairly与令人愉快的adj. /adv.连用（good, nice, well, bravely）不能修饰比较级Its a fairly interesting book.firstly用于列举理由，论点first说明事物的顺序at first起初，说最初情况与后来进行对比first of all引出一系列理由，强调时间latebe late for=come late to晚，迟later后来
26、，用于时间名词后latestadj.最新的latelyadv.近来，最近。与现在完成时连用 =recentlyprofession知识性的，经过特殊训练的occupation一般的任何职业fairly褒义词quite与否定词连用；修饰行为动词(I quite like it.)；修饰介词短语(She is quite like her sister.)；名词前有another/ a few表量(I have quite a few books.)；修饰形容词表相当(quite a good girl=a very good girl)rather贬义词，与too或比较级连用rather too
27、 coldvery可与much, sorry等连用(Thank you very much.)；与最高级连用(This is a very oldest book.)pretty非正式used to do表示过去习惯动作现已停止，不能和一段时间的状语连用would do表示过去习惯动作可能仍进行，不能和表状态动词连用，可与often, some time等副词连用little小巧的，有感情色彩（可怜、喜欢、讨厌）small面积、体积小tiny极小的，微小的result结果，强调影响，指某事带来的直接后果effect由于某活动而带来的间接后果influence指周围产生的一切有影响、有势力的人或物as当，主句、从句谓语动作同时发生when当，指点时间while指时段 I met an old friend while I was walking along the street.尽管 While I understand your meaning, I dont agree with you.表对比 My father was washing dishes while my mother w
