1、高一英语译林版必修3课后导练Unit1Theworldofoursen课后导练典题例证【例1】A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A. if B. when C. that D. which解析:that引导同位语从句，具体说明thought的内容。that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何成分。if不用于同位语从句，表示“是否”要用whether。when引导同位语从句表示“当的时候”，for my mother
2、s birthday已表明了时间，所以这是错误选项。which引导同位语从句表示“哪一个”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。答案:C关于同位语从句的考查需要注意两点:一是首先要判断它是不是同位语从句常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information等名词后面的从句，说明该名词的具体内容。即同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。二是连接词的选用，that, when, whether等词都可以引导同位语从句，但它们的意思以及与上下文之间的逻辑关系完全不同。【例2】 There have been several new event
3、s _ to the program for the Beijing Olympic Games.A. add B. to add C. adding D. added解析:动词+ed形式与events构成复合结构，因为这些体育项目被加在2008年北京奥林匹克运动会的比赛项目中，所以要用动词+ed形式表示被动。答案:D充当名词后置定语的除了to引导的不定式短语之外，更常见的是动词的分词结构，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。另外，有时还可以用分词的完成形式表示动作的先后或完成。【例3】Always read the _ on the bottle carefully and take the
4、 right amount of medieine.A. explanation B. instructionsC. descriptions D. introductions解析:instruction意为“说明；须知”，在正式场合，指不可违背的命令，在一般场合，指知识性的指示或意见，与direction相比，语气较轻，较委婉，常用作复数形式。explanation意为“解释；注释；说明”，指通过实例进行解释说明。description意为“描写”，指通过生动的语言描述某件事或某个情节。introduction意为“引导；传入；介绍”，指对某种新产品进行介绍。答案:B关于一些常见词的辨析，一
5、方面一定要加强记忆，这是前提，另一方面一定要加强词汇同语境的结合，即在语言环境中进行记忆，多积累一些典型的句子，反复诵读，轮番记忆，这样子才能够在理解的基础上记住并掌握应用，知识才能够真正化为己用。【例4】Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _ this was a memory she especially treasured.A. as B. if C. when D. where解析:as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。本题要结合前后句的关系加以判断，前半句是“Jenny对她在加拿大
6、拍的照片丢失很伤心”后半句意思是“这是她特别珍爱的记忆”，从意思上可知后半句是Jenny丢失照片感到伤心的原因。答案:A定语从句不同于其他名词性从句，它在句中充当的是定语，属于形容词性质的，而其他名词性从句则多用来充当主语、同位语以及表语、补语等成分，注意区别。另外，定语从句中限制性与非限制性从句的区别、as与which的区别也是考查重点。【例5】The _ on his face told me that he was angry. A. impression B. sightC. appearance D. expression解析:expression意为“表情”，根据后面“told m
7、e”可以推断前面“告诉我他很生气”的应该是他“脸上的表情”。impression是“印象”，sight是“视觉”，appearance是“外貌”，这三个逻辑上都不对。答案:D解决名词词义辨析的最有效方法就是在平时多积累一些相关名词群，多理解琢磨它们之间的用法和区别，多与例句相结合着记忆理解。【例6】The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _ the matter.A. seeing through B. working outC. looking into D. watching ove
8、r解析:这道题也是考查选项的不同意思。see through是“看穿”的意思；work out是“解决（问题）；计算出”的意思；look into是“观察；调查”的意思； watch over是“看守；监视”的意思。根据题干，“昨晚大楼失火了，警察正在”从题意应该填look into（调查）。答案:C高考中关于动词短语的考查，一般从搭配上入手。这样就要求我们在平时学习的时候，除了要加强记忆之外，一定要注意相似、相关短语及习惯用法的辨析与归纳，然后在做题时紧密结合句意就可以了。【例7】For all these years I have been working for others. Im h
9、oping Ill_ my own business someday.A. turn up B. fix up C. set up D. make up解析:根据前一句“近年来我都是为他人工作”，所以后一句意思是“我希望开创自己的生意”，用set up，“设立；开创”的意思。turn up是“找到；出现”的意思；fix up是“修理；解决”的意思；make up是“弥补；化妆”的意思。答案:C这个题目的考查与上一题目接近，都是侧重于对相关短语意思及用法的辨析，如有关up的动词短语非常多，如何记忆令很多同学比较头疼，还是一个要求:加强与具体语境的结合，再就是记忆时侧重于对它们最常见意思的背诵与辨
10、析。【例8】See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. what解析:what引导表语从句，在从句中作did的宾语。when引导表语从句时，在从句中作时间状语，表示“当的时候”。which引导表语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“哪一个”，表示在有限的范围内中的某一个。where引导表语从句时，在从句中作状语，表示“在地方”。答案:D高考中对于表语从句的考查一般从两个方面着手:一是将从句与其标志性的be动词间隔开了，或者将be动词
11、置换成其他的一些系动词，如remain, stay, keep等，在从句的判断上增加迷惑性；二是在连接词的选用上做文章，是用where还是when？这就要求一定要分析推敲上下文的语境关系了。【例9】Mike didnt play yesterday because of _.A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck解析:hurt意为“伤害；刺痛”，常指肉体上或精神上受到伤害，尤指打伤、刺伤，强调痛苦的后果，但不十分严重。答案:B近义词的辨析是英语学习过程中的重点和难点，也是高考的重要考点。熟记常见近义词的例句和语境，平时阅读时多注意近义词的细微差别，只有这样，才能
12、准确使用。【例10】There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A. that B. which C. until D. if解析:that引导同位语从句，具体说明chance的内容。that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何成分。which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。until引导时间状语从句，表示某个动作一直延续到until从句的谓语所表示的动作发生。if引导条件状语从句。答案:A尽管本题很多同学根据平时所熟悉的结构the chances are that选对了，但实
13、际上两者根本不属于同一类型，所以做题时还是要从句子结构的分析上下功夫。基础达标. 单词拼写根据首字母或汉语注释写出单词的正确形式。1. The researchers are busy carrying out e on rats, so youd better keep s dont move here and there.答案:experiments; still2. I disliked what he did and what he said, finding his manners extremely u .答案:unpleasant3. As we are o , great c
14、have taken place since then.答案:observing; changes4. When he used to write a composition, he didnt mind m words and expressions.答案:misusing5. It is i for you to learn English well for a short time.答案:impossible 6. Although she didnt say anything, I (感觉到)that she didnt like the idea.答案:sensed7. He is
15、walking in the street with leaves （轻拂，掠过）his cheek.答案:brushing8. In （黑暗）, there was no （帮助者） for him to be in company with.答案:darkness; helper9. （个人）speaking, I suggest he （减轻，减少）his weight by 6 kilos. 答案:Personally; reduce 10. I cant （忽视）his rudeness any longer.答案:ignore. 单词、词组辨析1. still / quiet /
16、calm / silent(1)A _ street may have little or no traffic on it.(2)Please keep_ about what you have heard.(3)Facing the enemy, he looked very _.(4)Stand_ while I take a photo of you.答案:(1) quiet(2)silent(3) calm(4) still 2. beat / defeat / gain / win (1)They _ the battle but lost many men.(2)Jim _ To
17、m by a yard and won the race last year. (3)To _ time, I pretended that I had not heard the question. (4)They were _ in their attempt to reach the top of the mountain.答案:(1)won(2)beat/ defeated(3)gain (4)defeated3. glance at / stare at / glare at(1)She _ him in surprise, standing there and saying not
18、hing. (2)Punished by the head teacher, Tom left the classroom, _ at Mr. Zhang. (3)He _ his watch and rushed to the station.答案:(1) stared at(2)glaring at(3)glanced at4. pay for / pay off / pay back(1)How can I _ you _ for your kindness?(2)At last they _ their debts. (3)How much did you _ your house?答
19、案:(1)pay；back(2)paid off(3)pay for5. feed with / feed on / live on(1)She _ her baby _ milk.(2)Cattle mainly _ grass.(3)The people in the south _ rice. 答案:(1)fedwith(2)feed on(3) live on. 单项选择1. I _ she must have gone home.A. worry B. fear C. am sure D. am certain解析:此句的语法环境是对过去情况的肯定推测:她必是回家了。既然是主观推断，
20、C、D两项“肯定的，一定的”在意义上是矛盾的。而A的意义作“担忧”时，为不及物动词，不接宾语；作“使担忧”是及物动词，即worry sb.答案:B2. The visitors are all _ by the beauty of the West Lake.A. deep hit B. deeply beatenC. deeply struck D. deep knocked解析:题意是“被深深地打动，给以深刻印象”，有此意的只有C项deeply struck。答案:C 3. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the
21、talks, _that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having added B. to addC. adding D. added解析:add“补充说道”与谓语动词express（表达）是两个并列的动作，可以用现在分词形式。A项表示“补充说”发生在“表达”之前，不合逻辑；B项不定式表目的“为了补充说”不合逻辑；D项是两个并列谓语，其间缺少并列连词，因此结构不对。答案:C 4. I _ study _ medicine and become a doctor. A. would like to; /B. had like to; /C. like to ;
22、 theD. enjoy to ; the解析:would like to do sth. “想要做”；medicine此处表示医学，学科名词前不加冠词。故选A项。答案:A5. They want to make _ clear to public that they are doing an important and necessary job.A. that B. thisC. it D. one解析:it在此处作形式宾语， that引导宾语从句，make clear to sb. “向某人讲清楚某事”。答案:C 6. _ you _ the meat? Yes, it _ quite
23、good. A. Did; taste; is tastedB. Have; tasted; tastesC. Do; taste; is tastingD. Are; tasting; tastes解析:本题考查taste作vt. 和vi. 的用法。taste作及物动词时，是“品尝”的意思；作不及物动词时，是“尝起来”，后接形容词作表语，且一般用于一般现在时。答案:B7. Hearing the joke, they couldnt help _ loudly.A. to smile B. smilingC. to laugh D. laughing解析:本题考查固定搭配cant/ coul
24、dnt help doing。根据题意“听到这个笑话，他们忍不住大笑起来”。故选D项。答案:D8. _to _ a doctor, the little girl died still at home.A. Too poor; affordB. Very poor; affordC. Too poor; afford toD. So poor; see解析:本题考查too+ adj. +to do的结构。 too poor to afford“太穷而承担(支付等)不起”。答案:A 9. _ progress they have made this year!A. What a rapid B.
25、 How bigC. What great D. How good解析:本题考查progress的用法。progress为不可数名词。答案:C10. We have not yet decided when to get married. Oh, please _ your decision as soon as possible when you make up your mind.A. have B. wait forC. give D. make解析:本题考查动词的固定搭配。make ones decision，意思是“作出决定”。答案:D11. Shall I help you wit
26、h that suitcase?_.A. Its all right, thanks.B. Yes, go ahead pleaseC. I dont want to trouble too muchD. No, please dont mention it.解析:Shall I help? 是提供帮助的交际用语。Its all right, thanks. 表示接受对方的帮助。答案:A 12. She said it _, so I couldnt hear her.A. with a whisperB. in a whisperC. with whisperD. in whisper解析:
27、本题考查whisper的固定搭配。in a whisper/ in whispers是“低声的，耳语的”，根据题意，应选B项。答案:B13. The way he spoke to these children left a bad _ in my mouth.A. smell B. tasteC. word D. talk解析:本题考查taste的固定搭配。本题的意思是“他跟那些孩子说话的方式留下令我厌恶的感觉”。leave a bad taste in ones mouth意思是“留下令某人厌恶的感觉”。答案:B14. The fact _ he is an advanced worker
28、 is well known.A. what B. whichC. that D. why解析:本题考查同位语从句的用法。该题的意思是:他是先进工作者，这个事实都知道。he is an advanced worker解释说明 the fact。答案:C15. Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do.A. such B. thatC. more D. very解析:that作副词，意思是“那么；那样”相当于so，修饰形容词或副词。答案:B. 句型转换每空填一词，使上下句
29、句意一致。1. A: How far are they going?B:_ that you are covering?答案:Whats the distance2. A: She felt that a tall man who wore a dark coat was watching her. B: She _ that she was _ _ _a tall man _ a dark coat.答案:sensed; being watched by; in3. A: Whether the sense of smell has something to do with pains interests scientists. B: Scientists _ _ _ whether the sense of smell _ _ _ pain.答案:are interested in; is related to4. A: Suddenly, I heard a loud noise sound loudly and clearly. B: _ _ _ _, I heard a loud noise _ _.答案:All of a sudden; ring out5. A: It
