1、云南省德宏州梁河县第一中学届高三英语一轮复习学案构词法无答案2018届英语一轮复习语法学案构词法学习目标：1.掌握一定的构词法知识，降低阅读中的生词量，使阅读更流畅。2.掌握一定的构词法知识，提高高考新题型语法填空的得分。Before-class（1.）了解构词法与高考的关系 1. 阅读理解中考纲词的派生词与合成词不算生词，不用汉语注明。因此，熟练掌握考纲词汇和掌握常见的构词法，阅读这一关就好突破了。 2. 语法填空中必考词类转换。考查不同词性在句中的不同用法，其中主要涉及以下三条： 在句中修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或全句等作状语，用副词。 在句中作定语、表语或补语，一般用形容词 作主语、作及
2、物动词或者介词的宾语，用名词。 3.短文改错中也必考不同词性在句中的不同用法。（2.）体验在高考题中的构词法1(2016高考全国甲卷语法填空)Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of (achieve)2(2016高考全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the (develop) of chops
3、ticks.3(2016高考全国乙卷短文改错)Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady. 4(2016高考全国丙卷短文改错)At one time，I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. 5(2016高考全国丙卷短文改错)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. 6(2015高考全国卷语法填空)Walls made of adobe
4、take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.7(2015高考全国卷语法填空)As (nature)architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.8(2015高考全国卷语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent，
5、a travel company in Hong Kong，says it (regular)arranges quick getaways here for people.9(2015高考广东卷语法填空) (lucky)，he also had a cow which looked almost abandoned.10(2014高考全国卷语法填空)The river was so polluted that it (actual)caught fire and burned.11(2014高考全国卷语法填空)While there are (amaze)stories of instant
6、 transformation，.12(2014高考全国卷语法填空)Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers (sudden)became friendly to one another.13(2014高考辽宁卷语法填空)I cant control my body well.My legs become (pain)14(2013高考广东卷语法填空)That would be a very (reason)thing to do in a big city.
7、15(2013高考广东卷语法填空)But such a small thing couldnt (possible)destroy a village.While-classStep 1 check the task of before-classStep 2 一.了解构词法的分类1派生法，即把词根加上前缀或后缀，得出一个新的单词。如：rich adj.富有的enrich v丰富 home n家homeless adj.无家可归的2转换法，即同一单词具有多种词性，也即词性活用。如：back n背back v支持 slow adj.慢的slow v减慢You can use the_water
8、in the ditch to water the flowers.你可用沟里的水浇花。3合成法，即由两个单词合成一个单词。如：blackboard n黑板 handmade adj.手工制作的二、派生词在高考英语试卷的语法填空题中，有两到三个小题涉及派生词。因此，我们此讲的重点为派生词。Step 3 学习名词后缀1动词ion/tion/sion名词(表示动作或动作过程)例如：改正correctcorrection n仿照上面例句写出一下动词的名词形式：庆祝celebrate 结束conclude 生产produce 污染pollute 介绍introduce 消费consume 减少redu
9、ce 吸引力attract 认为/假设assume /suppose 毁灭destroy 预报/预言predict 描写describe 打断interrupt 采纳/收养adopt 防止prevent 喜爱affect 接收/接待处receivereception解决solve 进化evolveevolution建议suggest 编辑/版本editedition展览exhibit 打算/意图intendintention认出recognize 解释/定义definedefinition保护protect 方向/指导directdirection指令instruct 建设constructc
10、onstruction注射inject 感染infectinfection驳斥reject 反应reactreaction反对object /opposeopposition连接connect 收集collectcollection 纠正correct 视察inspectinspection 选举elect 限制restrictrestriction抵触/矛盾contradict 挑选selectselection保留reserve 保存preservepreservation保护conserve 观察observeobservation挨饿starve 组织organizeorganizat
11、ion文明civilize 认识realizerealization检查/考试examine 决定determinedetermination形成form 通知informinformation想象imagine 证实confirmconfirmation运输transport 诱惑tempttemptation 邀请inviteinvitation 期待expectexpectation改编/适应adaptadaptation移民immigrateimmigration模仿imitateimitation准备preparepreparation探索exploreexploration考虑co
12、nsiderconsideration宣布declaredeclaration装饰decoratedecoration激发/灵感inspireinspiration放松/休闲relaxrelaxation交流communicatecommunication占用/职业occupyoccupation满足satisfysatisfaction申请/应用 applyapplication暗示implyimplication推荐recommendrecommendation口译/理解interpretinterpretation结合combinecombination 合作cooperatecoope
13、ration操作/手术operateoperation犹豫hesitatehesitation教育educateeducation定位locatelocation 指出indicateindication参加participateparticipation计算calculatecalculation欣赏/感激appreciateappreciation联想/协会associateassociation分离separateseparation 范围/限制limitlimitation冬眠hibernatehibernation调查investigateinvestigation庆祝celebra
14、tecelebration祝贺congratulatecongratulation翻译translatetranslation积累accumulateaccumulation加速accelerateacceleration动力motivatemotivation捐赠donatedonation 解放liberateliberation革新innovateinnovation集中concentrateconcentration贡献contributecontribution分发distributedistribution促进promotepromotion致力devotedevotion沮丧fr
15、ustratefrustration/depressdepression印象impressimpression表达expressexpression拥有/财产possesspossession讨论discussdiscussion扩大expandexpansion延伸extendextension 承认admitadmission允许permitpermission爆炸explodeexplosion决定decidedecision 划分dividedivision2动词er/or名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)drive v驾驶开车；驱赶driver n司机；驾驶员gather v
16、聚集；采集 gatherer n收集者；采集者conduct v指挥；管理 conductor n指挥；售票员beginner初学者/新手 teacher教师，runner跑步者/信使 passenger旅客,skier滑雪者 swimmer游泳者,observer观测者/观察员 murderer杀人犯traveler旅游者 learner学习者/初学者,lover爱好者 owner 主人，worker工人 researcher研究员，printer印刷工 gardener园艺工人waiter男招待 lawyer律师collector收藏家,instructor教员/指导者actor 男演员
17、3动词ment名词广告advertiseadvertisement吃惊astonishastonishment同意agreeagreement 惊奇amazeamazement通告announceannouncement安排arrangearrangement娱乐amuseamusement发展developdevelopment评估assessassessment争论argueargument失望disappointdisappointment雇用/就业employemployment鼓舞encourageencouragement款待/娱乐entertainentertainment装备e
18、quipequipment 判断judgejudgement统治/政府governgovernment改进improveimprovement投资investinvestment卷入involveinvolvement管理mangemanagement惩罚punishpunishment要求requirerequirement退休retireretirement定居/定居处settlesettlement阐述/陈述statestatement实现/满足fulfillfulfillment对待/治疗treattreatment完成/成就achieveachievement/accomplisha
19、ccomplishment4动词/形容词th名词温暖 warmwarmth 真理truetruth死亡deaddeath 成长growgrowth长度longlength 力量strongstrength宽度widewidth 深度deepdepth5形容词y名词difficult adj.困难的 difficulty n困难honest adj.诚实的 honesty n诚实6形容词ness名词kind adj.善良的 kindness n善良意识awareawareness/consciousconsciousness苦bitterbitterness 盲目blindblindness冷静
20、calmcalmness 聪明clevercleverness疯狂crazycraziness 渴望eagereagerness公平fairfairness 愚蠢foolishfoolishness适合fitfitness 幸福/愉快happyhappiness疾病illillness 友好kindkindness懒惰lazylaziness 孤独lonelyloneliness宁静quietquietness 悲伤sadsadness严重性seriousseriousness思乡homesickhomesickness甜美sweetsweetness 稳定steadysteadiness厚度
21、thickthickness 累tiredtiredness弱点weakweakness 冷/冷淡coldcoldness惶恐不安nervousnervousness粗心carelesscarelessness自称selfishselfishness 猛烈fiercefierceness无私selflessselflessness无助/无望helplesshelplessness/hopeless hopelessness7动词ance或-ence名词烦恼 annoyannoyance 存在existexistence 发生occuroccurrence查阅/参考referreference更
22、喜欢/偏好preferpreference不同differdifference 接受acceptacceptance出现/外表appearappearance 履行performperformance抵制resistresistance 指导guideguidance进入enterentrance 保险insureinsurance帮助assistassistance 忍受endureendurance/toleratetolerance8ship结尾的名词(表示身份、关系、资格)成员；会员 member membership n会员资格教授 professor professorship n
23、教授身份所有权ownership 友谊friendship奖学金scholarship 领导才能leadership艰难hardship 关系relationship9ing结尾的名词garden n花园 gardening n园艺greet v打招呼；问候 greeting n问候农业farming 变暖warming学业schooling绘画painting 意思meaning绘画drawing 训练training衣物clothing 感觉feeling十字路口crossing 工资earning问候greeting 储蓄saving发现finding 财产belonging痛苦suff
24、ering 贡品offering环境surroundings 射击shooting10age结尾的名词婚姻marrymarriage 短缺shortshortage储存storestorgae 包裹packpackage携带/车厢carrycarriage通过/通道passpassage（11）-ure结尾的名词：快乐pleasepleasure 离开departdeparture暴露exposeexposure 压力presspressure失败failfailure 混合mixmixture签名signsignature（12）-ce结尾的名词：adj. n.缺席absentabsence
25、 出席presentpresence信心confidentconfidence方便convenientconvenience不同differentdifference勤奋diligentdiligence 远的/距离distantdistance明显的/证据evidentevidence优秀excellentexcellence重要importantimportance独立independentindependence天真/无辜innocentindependence智力intelligentintelligence暴力violentviolence公正justjustice 耐心patien
26、tpatience浪漫romanticromance 沉默silentsilenceu.n.冒犯offendoffence防御defenddefense(AmE) defence (BrE)建议adviseadvice设施devisedevice（13）-dom结尾的名词：自由freefreedom 王国kingkingdom智慧wisewisdom 无聊/厌倦boreboredom（14）-al结尾的名词：拒绝refuserefusal 到达arrivearrival幸存survivesurvival 赞同approveapproval否认denydenial提议proposeproposa
27、l 移除removeremoval（15）-(i)ty 结尾的名词：重心curiouscuriosity 焦虑anxiousanxiety多样化varyvariety/diversediversity 个性personalpersonalityTest for goals 1用所给单词的适当形式填空。AFrom the 1.(express) on Marys face，he knew he left bad 2.(impress) on her and if she won the 3.(elect) to become chairman of the Environment 4.(orga
28、nize), he could not get her 5._(permit) to join it although he was willing to do his bit to rid the world of 6.(pollute) and to help people enjoy a better Earth. When he was wondering how to change this embarrassing situation, he got 7.(inspire) from his wifes words. Yes, he should try his best to w
29、in the election and become chairman himself with his 8._(determine)to work for the organization.“My dear, you are really a wonderful 9.(help)! Im sure I will be the 10.(win) of the election.” He said to his wife excitedly.BIt was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United States. His 1.(earn) could hardly cover the expenses, so when his wife gave 2.(bear) to their second daughter, they could not afford enough nutritious food.Soon，poor nu
