1、ppt课件高考英语第一轮语法专攻复习课件 高 中 英 语 主 要 句 型56一 、 以 形 式 主 语it 引 导 的 句 型 。 句 型1It so happened (chanced ) that +clause sb. happened /chanced to do sthsb.did sth. by chance. 如 :? It happened that he was out when I got there. 当 我 到 那 儿 时 , 碰 巧 他 不 在 。 =He happened to be out when I got there. It chanced that he
2、was out when I got there He was out by chance when I got there? 句 型2? It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done Sb. seems to do/ to be doing/ to have done/to be done/to have been done ( 还 有 动 词appear 等 可 这 样 使 用 ) 如: It seemed that he had been to Beijing before. 他 好 象 以 前 去 过 北 京 。 =He see
3、med to have been to Beijing before 句 型3It is / was + 被 强 调 的 部 分 +thatwho+ 剩余 的 部 分. 如 :? It wasnt until he came back that I went to bed. 直 到 他 回 来 我 才 睡 觉 。 一 定 要 注 意 被强 调 句 型 中 的 谓 语 动 词 否 定 的 转 移 。 It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school today. 只 因 为 他 有 病 了 今 天 没 有来 上 学 。 ( 只 能 用b
4、ecause 而 不 能 用for, as 或since )? It is I who am a student. 我 确 实 是 个 学 生 。( 句 中am 不 能 用are 来 代 替 。 )句 型4? It is high time time/ about time+ that 主 语 + did / should do + 其 它 。 从 句 中 的 谓语 动 词 用 的 是 虚 拟 语 气 。 如:? It is high time that we should go / went home. 我 们 该 回 家 了 。句 型5? It is / was said reported
5、, thought, believed, supposed +that+ 从 句. 如 :? It was said that he had read this novel. 据说 他 读 过 这 篇 小 说 。 =He was said to have read this novel句 型6? It is impossible / necessary/ strangethat clause. 从 句 中 的 谓 语 用should +do / should have done , 其 形 式 是 虚 拟 语 气 。如 :? It is strange that he should have
6、failed in this exam. 真 奇 怪 , 他 这 次 考 试 没 有 及 格 。句型7? It is + a pity/ a shamethat clause. 注意从句中的谓语动词用should do 或should have done 的形式,但should 可以省略。 如:? He didnt come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。? 句型8? It is suggested / ordered/
7、 commanded /that +clause. 从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。 如:? It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。句型9? It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+ 从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where 引导的定语从句。)如:? It was this house where I was born. 请比较:It was in this house that I was born. 后一句是强调句型。? 句型10? It is / was + 表示
8、时间的名词+when+ 从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when 引导的定语从句。)如:? It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States 句型9? It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+ 从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where 引导的定语从句。)如:? It was this house where I was born. 请比较:It was in this house that I w
9、as born. 后一句是强调句型。? 句型10? It is / was + 表示时间的名词+when+ 从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when 引导的定语从句。)如:? It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States 句型11? It is well-known that +从句。如:? It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知,她是个知识渊博
10、的妇女。? 句型12? It is + 段时间+since+ 主语+did. 请比较:? It was + 段时间+since+ 主语+had done. 如:? It is five years since he left here. 他已经离开这儿五年了。? It was five years since he left here. (同上) 注意下列句型的翻译:It is five years since he lived here. 他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。句型13? It + 谓语+段时间+before+ 主语+谓语. ( before 引导的是时间状语从句。) 如:? It wa
11、snt long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。? It will be three hours before he comes back. 三个小时之后他才能回来。? 句型14? It is + 形容词possible, impossible, necessary 等 +for+ sb.+ to do. 如:? It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。? 句型15? It is + (心理品质方面
12、的)形容词+of + sb. +to do. 主语+ be + 形容词+to do. 常用的形容词有:kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise 等。 如:? It is kind of you to help me. =You are kind to help me. 你真好给我提供了帮助。二 、 定 语 从 句 :? 句 型16? 由as 引 导 的 非 限 定 性 的 定 语 从 句 。 如 :? As we have known, he is a most good student. 众 所 周 知 , 他 是 个 很 好 的 学 生 。 请比 较 :It is
13、 well-known that he is a most good student. ( 前 一 个 是 定 语 从 句 , 而 后者 是 个 主 语 从 句 。 ) 句型17? 由which 引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:? He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业。(因为先行词professor 是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which ,而不用who 。 句型18? 由where, when 引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:? This is
14、the house where I used to come. 请比较:This is the house which / that I used to come toThis is the day when I joined the Party. 请比较:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on(说明:关于that 与which 之间的区别,请看关系代词that 和which 的区别。)三、让步状语从句? 句型19? No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose +从句,+主
15、句. 注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态。 如:? No matter what you do, you must do it well. 请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么,一定要做好。? No matter where you go, please let me know. 请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know. 你无论去哪儿,请通知我。? (说明:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。)? (注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it.
16、 句中的whoever 不能用whomever 来代替。因为它即作动词tell 的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。)四、条件状语从句? 句型20? When / So long as / As long as / Once + 从句,+主句。(从句也可以放在主句之后。)如:? As long as you give me any money, I will let you go. 只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。? Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好。? 句型21? 主句+o
17、n condition that+ 从句. 如:? I will go with you on condition that you give me a sum of money. 我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。? 句型22? 主句+unless+ 从句. 注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。 如:? I will go there tomorrow unless it rains. 我明天去那儿除非下雨。句型23? 祈使句,+and/ and then+ 主句。(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语。)如:? Use your head, and you
18、 will find a good idea. 动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意。? Another word, and I will beat you. 你再说一句,我就揍你。? 句型24? If +necessary / impossible/ important 等,+主句. 注意:if 与形容词之间的it is 被省略。 如:? If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话,我来做此事。五、原因状语从句? 句型25? 主句+in case+ 从句. (in case 表示以免)如:? I will take my raincoat in case it ra
19、ins. 我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。? 句型26? 主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that + 从句。如:? He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill. 由于他有病了,所以没有来上学。六、时间状语从句? 句型27? When / While / As + 从句,+主句. 如:? When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you. 当我在农村时,我常常给你打水。? 句型28? 主
20、句+after / before + 从句. 如:? They hadnt been married four months before they were devoiced. 他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。? We went home after we had finished the work. 我们做完此工作就回家了。? 句型29? 主语+肯定谓语+until +从句. 请比较:主语+否定谓语+until+ 从句. 如:? I worked until he came back. 我一直工作到他回来。? I didnt worked until he came back. 他回来我才开始
21、工作。句型30? As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute + 从句,+主句. 如:? My father went out immediately I got home. 我一到家,我父亲就出去了。? 句型31? No sooner +had + 主语+donethan + 主语+did. 请比较: 主语+had + no sooner +donethan + 主语+did. 如:? No sooner had I got to Beijing than I
22、called you. 我一到北京就给你打电话了。请比较:I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you句型32? Hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely +had + 主语+donewhen / before + 主语+did. 请比较:主语+had +hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely + donewhen / before + 主语+didHardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。请 比较: She had hardly had supper whe
23、n she went out 句型33? By the time+ 从句,+主句. (注意时态的变化。)如:? By the time you came back, I had finished this book. 到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书。? By the time you come back, I will have finished this book. 到你回来时,我将写完这本书了。? 句型34? each / every time + 从句,+主句. 这时相当于whenever 或no matter when 引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。 如:? Each time h
24、e comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me. 每当他来哈尔滨,总是顺便来看看我。七 、 地 点 状 语 从 句? 句 型35? Where + 从 句 , + 主 句. 如 :? Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. 哪 里 没 有 雨 水 , 种 庄 稼 是 很难 的 或 者 是 不 可 能 的 。? 句 型36 、Anywhere / Wherever+ 从 句 , +主 句. 如 :? Anywhere I go, my wife goes too. 无 论 我
25、去哪 儿 , 我 的 妻 子 也 去 哪 儿 。 请 比 较 :? I will go wherever you suggest. 你 建 议 我 去哪 儿 , 我 就 去 哪 儿 。八 、 目 的 状 语 从 句? 句 型37? 主 句 +in order that / so that + 从 句. 如 :? I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus. 我 起 得 很 早 , 以 便 能 赶 上 早 班 车 。? 句 型38? 主 句 +for +sb. +to do. ( 注 意 动 词 不 定 式 复合 结 构 在
26、这 儿 作 目 的 状 语 。 ) 如 :? He came here for me to work out this problem. 他 来 这 儿 叫 我 帮 他 解 出 这 道 难 题 。九、结果状语从句? 句型39? 主句+so that+ 从句. 如:? It was very cold, so that the river froze. 天气很泠,因此河水结冰了。? 句型40? So+ 形容词/ 副词+特定动词 助动词或系动词 +主语+that+ 从句So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again. 这
27、本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍。? 句型41? 主语+谓语+such+ 名词+that+ 从句. 如:? He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher. 他进步很快,老师表扬了他句 型42? Such was + 主 语 +that + 从 句. 这 是 个 完 全倒 装 句 。 如 :? Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. 爆 炸 力 这 么 大 ,所 有 的 窗 户 都 被 震 碎 了 。 句 型43? 主 句
28、+only +to do sth. only 和 动 词 不 定 式一 起 做 结 果 状 语 如 : I woke up very late only to find that my wife had gone to work. 我 醒 得 很 晚 , 结 果发 现 我 的 妻 子 已 经 上 班 了 。十、比较状语从句? 句型44? The + 形容词比较级,(主句)the + 形容词比较级+如:? The sooner you do it, the better it will be. 越早越好。? 句型45? 主语+谓语+as + 形容词原级+as + 被比较的对象. 如:? He i
29、s as busy as a bee. 他非常忙。? 句型46? 主语+谓语+the +形容词比较级+of / between ? He is the taller of the two. 他们俩人中他高。? 句型47? 主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as +被比较的对象.如:? This room is three times as large as that one. 这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。(这个房间比那个房间大两倍。)句型48? 主语+谓语+百分数/ 倍数+形容词比较级+than+被比较的对象. 如:? This city is twice larger than ours.
30、 这个城市比我们城市大两倍。? The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2001. 那个公社的早稻产量是2001 年的两倍。? 句型49? 主语+谓语+the size / length/ width/ height +of + 被比较的对象. 如:? Our building is twice the height of yours. 我们的大楼是你们大楼的两倍高。十一、其它句型? 句型50? It doesnt matter wh-+ 从句。如:? It doesnt matter to me what you will do tomorrow. 你明天做什么与我无关。? It doesnt matter whether you will come or not. 你来不来无关紧要。? 句型51? 形容词/ 副词 / 名词(可数单数)+as / though +主语+谓语,+主句. 如:? Young as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他很小,但他知道得很多。 Hard he works, I am sure that he cant pass this exam. 虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能及格。
