1、考研英语二真题与答案665892018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）及答案Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?
2、 Because humans have an inherent need to_1_ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will _2_ _ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will _3_.In a series of four experiments, beha
3、vioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students willingness to _4_ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one _5_, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were
4、from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would _6_ an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. _7_ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock th
5、em clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would _8_. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, _9_ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to _10_ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same
6、as the basic drives _11_ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinctit can _12 _ new scientific advances, for instancebut sometimes such _ 13_ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_
7、 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to _15_, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to _16_ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to _17_ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the _18_ _ of follow
8、ing through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine_ 19_ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term _20_ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. In other words, dont read online comments.1. A. ignoreB. protectC. discussD. resolve2. A. refuseB.
9、 seekC. waitD. regret3. A. riseB. lastC. hurtD. mislead4. A. alertB. exposeC. tieD. treat5. A. trialB. messageC. reviewD. concept6. A. removeB. deliverC. weakenD. interrupt7. A. Unless B. IfC. WhenD. Though8. A. changeB. continueC. disappearD. happen9. A. such asB. rather thanC.regardless ofD. owing
10、 to10. A. disagreeB. forgiveC. discoverD. forget11.A. payB. foodC. marriageD. schooling12.A. begin withB. rest onC. lead toD. learn from13.A. inquiryB. withdrawalC. persistenceD. diligence14.A. self-deceptiveB. self-reliantC. self-evidentD. self-destructive15.A. traceB. defineC. replaceD. resist16.A
11、. concealB. overlookC. designD. predict17.A. chooseB. rememberC. promiseD. pretend18.A. reliefB. outcomeC. planD. duty19.A. howB. whyC. whereD. whether20.A.limitationsB. investmentsC. consequencesD. strategiesSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the qu
12、estions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New H
13、ampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this weeks cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be
14、utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But
15、hes also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype . that its for kids who cant make it academically,” he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas
16、evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelors degrees for all
17、 and the subtle devaluing of anything less misses an important point: Thats not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, abachelors degree opens moredoors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country aremiddle-skill job, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 p
18、ercent of workers are adequately trained. In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but t
19、he workers who need those jobs most arent equipped to do them Koziateks Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap. Koziateks school is wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nations diversity of gifts.21. A broken bike chain is men
20、tioned to show students lack of.A. academic trainingB. practical abilityC. pioneering spiritD. mechanical memorizetion22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.A. have a stereotyped mind B. have no career motivationC. are financially disadvantagedD. are not academicall
21、y successful23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.A. used to have more job opportunitiesB. used to have big financial concernsC. are entitled to more educational privilegesD. are reluctant to work in manufacturing24. The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.A. helps cr
22、eate a lot of middle-class jobsB. may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC. indicates the overvaluing of higher educationD. is expected to yield a better-trained wirkforce25. The authors attitude toward Koziateks school can be described as.A. tolerantB. cautiousC. supportiveD. disappointedText 2Whi
23、le fossil fuels - coal, oil, gas still generate roughly 85 percent of the worlds energy supply, its clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewable is picking up momentum around the world: They now account for more than half of new power s
24、ources going on line.Some growth stem from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind
25、 turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Eur
26、ope, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels especially coal as the path
27、to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the states electricity generation and where tech giants like Microsoft are being
28、attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question “what happens when the wind doesnt blow or the sun doesnt s shine?” has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around
29、 the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While theres a long way to go, the tre
30、nd lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in showing climate change. What Washington does or doesnt do to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in though
31、t.26. The word “plummeting” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to_.A. stabilizingB. changingC. fallingD. rising27. According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America_.A. is progressing notablyB. is as extensive as in EuropeC. faces many challengesD. has proved to be impractical28. It can be learned that in Iowa, _.A. wind is a widely used energy source.B. wind energy has replaced fossil fuelsC. tech giants are investing in clean energyD. there is a shortage of clean energy supply29. Which of
