1、沪教牛津版七年级英语 UNIT 1 Making friendsUNIT 1 Making friends重点单词world n. 世界country n. 国家Japan n.日本Germany n. 德国German adj.德国的 n.德国人grammar n.语法blog n. 博客sound n. 声音everyone n.人人（谓语动词要用单数）hobby n.爱好 (复数hobbies）age n. 年龄elder adj. 年长的dream n. 梦想complete v. 完成us pron.我们yourself pron.你自己friendly adj. 友爱的engine
2、er n. 工程师flat n.公寓mountain n. 山重点短语句型1.close to 接近 = near 反义词：far （away）from 远离e.g.: Shenzhen is close to the sea. I live close to the school.2. be good at 擅长 =do well in 反义词：be bad /poor at=do badly in不擅长e.g.: Im good at swimming and playing basketball.3.go to school 去上学4.make friends with 与交朋友 mak
3、e friends 交朋友5.all over 遍及 all over the world 全世界6.want to do sth = would like to do sth 想要做某事7.be from = come from 来自 8.welcome to9.I likebecause10.My dream is to be？11.How old is/are ？12.What does do？详细讲解1.Read a German girls blog。（1）German ： adj.德国的 （德国人的，德语的） This is a German car。 n.德国人，是可数名词。复数
4、形式要在后面加“s”。 德语，是不可数名词。e.g.: Germans speak German。中国China， 中国人/中文Chinese； 日本Japan，日本人/日语Japanese；法国France，法国人/法语French； 英国England/Britain/U.K. 英国人/英语English（2）girls 是名词“girl”的所有格形式，意为“女孩的”所有格：在名词后加上“s”构成所有格，表示一种所属关系，表示“的”它的构成有以下方式：一般情况下在名词词尾加“s” e.g.: Toms books 汤姆的书以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格，一般在其后面直接加“”即可。e.g.:
5、 parents names 父母的名字； Teachers Day 教师节表示两人或多人各自的所属关系，要在各个词尾分别加“s”；表示两人或多人共同的所属关系，只需要在最后一个词的词尾加“s”。e.g.: Lilys and Lindas bikes。 丽丽和琳达的自行车.(注意：两人各有一辆车）Lily and Lindas room。 丽丽和琳达的房间。（注意：两人共住一间房）表示某人的家、店铺、办公室时，常省略“s”后面的名词house，shop，office等。At my uncles = at my uncles home 在我叔叔家2.Im from Germany. =I co
6、me from Germany. come from =be from 来自 e.g.: Im from China.3.I have an elder sister and an elder brother.Elder ：形容词，“年长的”。与“younger”相对。主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系。 不能用于“than”前面。elder brother 哥哥 younger brother 弟弟elder sister 姐姐 younger sister 妹妹Older：泛指新旧、老幼或年龄大小的关系。可以用于“than”前面。My elder brother is one year o
7、lder than I. 我哥哥比我大一岁。4.Every day，I go to school by school bus.go to school是一个固定搭配，不要在“ school”前加“the”。因为它并不指具体的某所学校。所在在前面不要加任何冠词。Go to bed 睡觉 ； go to hospital去医院； at home 在家注意：play basketball/football(球类），不用加“the”。Play the piano/violin（乐器），要加“the”。by school bus “乘坐校车”：by +交通工具 乘坐by bike 骑自行车 by tax
8、i 坐出租车 by car 乘小汽车5.I like my school because the teachers are all very friendly. because “因为”，引导原因状语从句，语气很强烈。可以用来回答“why”引导的特殊疑问句。friendly 形容词，友好的。（注意：虽然以-ly结尾，但不是副词，而是形容词）类似的词有：lovely（可爱的） lonely（孤独的） lively （生动的）daily（每日的） ugly（丑的） silly （傻的）6.My dream is to be an engineer .我的梦想是成为一名工程师。 一般来说，is后面都
9、不加“to”,但这里“to be an engineer”做表语。这样结构的例子有：my job/work/task is to feed animals. dream: n.梦想 可数名词。V.做梦 dream of /about (doing) sth.7.I like many sports.many ：许多。修饰可数名词复数。Many people 许多人Much：许多。修饰不可数名词 much water/time 许多水/手机a lot of既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。8.About yourself.Yourself是反身代词，“你自己”。第一人称：单数myself复
10、数ourselves第二人称：单数yourself复数yourselves第三人称：单数himself/herself/itself复数：themselves9.What does your father/mother do?你父亲/母亲是做什么工作的？What does/do +某人+do？询问某人现在从事何种职业或做什么工作。其他句型还有：what +be+某人？（一般不用于第二人称）如：whats your brother ？hes a waiter.what is sbs job?如：whats your father job？he is a worker.what do/does +
11、某人+want to be？如：what do you want to be？I want to be a teacher.10.Id like to be your e-friend.我想成为你的网友。Id like =I would like 想要用法：would like +名词 如： Id like an apple.would like +to do sth注意：would like 没有人称和数的变化。would like 构成的一般疑问句中，表示“一些”和“某物”时，要用“some”和“something”，而不用“any”和“anything”。由“would like ”引导
12、的疑问句的回答方式。Would you like some bread.Yes，please./No, thanks.Would you like to join us.Yes，Id love /like to. 或者，but（委婉）11.best wishes 最美好的祝愿。（注意wish要加es）语法一、特殊疑问句：以疑问代词what, who, whom, whose, which或疑问副词when, where, why, how等放在句首提问的句子，叫特殊疑问句。答句必须针对问句中的疑问词来回答。(一）各种疑问词的用法：1.what用于对句子的主语、宾语、表语提问。用于提问“事情、东
13、西”，还可以提问“姓名、职业、时间”等。如：whats your name？2.who, whom, whose只能指人，who“谁”，常作主语，whom“谁”，常作宾语，whose“谁的”，常作定语或表语。Who taught you English last year? 去年哪个老师教你们英语？Whose father works in Beijing? 谁的爸爸在北京工作？3.which用来询问人或物，一般有特定的选择范围。Which is your sister of the two girls?那两个女孩中，哪个是你姐姐？（限定在这两个女孩中）4.when, where, why,
14、how分别对时间、地点、原因和方式When did you arrive here? 你什么时候到这里的? （对时间）Where were you last night? 你昨晚在哪里？ （对地点）Why were you late again? 你怎么又迟到了？ （对原因）How do you go to school? 你怎样上学的？ by school bus（对方式） 注意：when与what time的区别：when指的是大体的时间，而what time询问的是具体的时间。 -What time shall we meet? - At ten oclock.-When shall w
15、e meet? -Tomorrow.how many用于询问“多少”，且后面接可数名词复数。提问数量how much用于提问“多少”，后面接不可数名词，也可对“钱”提问。提问不可数名词的数量和价格。how old用于提问年龄“多大岁数”；对应名词“age”.how long用于提问时间或长度“多长时间，长度多长”，回答用“for+一段时间”； how soon用于提问时间“还要多久”，回答用“in+一段时间”；how far提问距离“有多远”；how often用于提问频率“多长时间一次”；How tall提问高度：How tall are you? = What is your height
16、?（对应 height）（二）句型结构： 1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序： 疑问词（+主语）+谓语动词+其他成分。如： Who is there？谁在那儿？Which book is his？哪本书是他的？2如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词+一般疑问句语序？（1）疑问词+be+主语+其他？ 如：who is your teacher？（2）疑问词+助动词+主语+行为动词（其他）？如：What does your father do？ Why do you like English。 （三）回答：不能用yes / no，即问什
17、么答什么，尤其是简略回答。如： -How old is your sister? 你妹妹今年多大了？-Shes only five. / Only five. (她)才5岁。（四）对划线部分提问规则：第一步，找准特殊疑问词。第二步，提前或加助动词:（be动词 am is are was were，情态动词can could maymust will would shall should， 助动词（完成时中）have has had.）第三步，作变化抄剩余词。（主语时态的变化，如I变You ;前边加does do,后边动词用原形.）对划线提问)例如：1. They went to work ye
18、sterday morning.A：找准疑问词： WhenB:加助动词：（过去时） didC：作变化（将went 变为go） 并抄剩余词： they go to work.即：When did they go to work?2 . Her mother goes to school by bike.A:找准 特殊疑问词：HowB:加助动词（三单时）： doesC:作变化(goesgo) 抄剩余词： her mother go to school即：How does her mother go to school?二、不定冠词的用法不定冠词有a 和an两个，泛指“一”的概念，但并不强调数量，只
19、表示名词为不特定者，且仅用在单数可数名词前。1. a用于发音以辅音音标（不是以辅音字母）开头的单词前面。e.g.： My mother is a doctor.2.an用于发音以元音音标（不是元音字母）开头的单词前面。 e.g.：My father is an engineer.用法: 表示“一”，用于可数名词的单数形式前。 The company needs a worker.表示“一类”，指一类人或事物，用在可数名词单数前。 An elephant is bigger than a cat. 某示“某一个”，不具体指明是何人何物。 A teacher wants to see you.表示
20、“每一”。 We work five days a week. 表示“第一次提到”；首次提到人或物，但不特别指明是哪一个。Long long ago, there was a king.用于固定词组中： a few一些（加可数名词） a little一些（加不可数名词）a lot of许多 a great deal of 大量 a moment ago刚才a piece of 一片 have a cold感冒 have a try试一试in a word总之 in a hurry匆忙地 after a while过了一会儿课堂训练一、根据汉语或首字母提示写单词, 补全句子。1. My frie
21、nd comes from J_. His home is in Tokyo.2. I think g_ is the most difficult part in my English study.3. The little boy is at the a_ of twelve.4. My mother is a teacher and my father is an _(工程师).5. China is an old _ (国家) with a long history.二、 用所给单词的适当形式完成句子44. She is a girl.( German)45. All the teac
22、hers are very . ( friend )46. Dont copy. You must do the homework . ( you )47. I want to make with you. ( friend )48. It is a blog. ( girl )49. I have two sisters. ( old ) 50. Im good at basketball. ( play )51. Id like a cup of tea. ( drink ) 三、单项选择6. Lily is _English girl. And she is _friendly girl
23、.A. a； anB. a； aC. an；aD. an； an11. I live in a flat close _Xili Lake. A. fromB. toC. inD. on13. Anna goes swimming _her mother every Sunday. A. andB. forC. withD. so14. - _ did you travel from Shenzhen to Guangzhou? - _ train.A. How; OnB. How; ByC. When; OnD. When; By15. Tom _from Canada. He is fro
24、m the US. A. is notB. not isC. no isD. is no16. - I know there is _big tree in your garden.- Yes, and I water _ tree once a week.A. a, the B. a; aC. the; aD. the; the17. - _ people are there in your family?- There are four. My father, my mother, my _ brother and I.A. How much; elderB. How many; olde
25、rC. How. much; olderD. How many; elder18. - _ do you want to be a doctor?- I hope _ a doctor because I want to help sick people.A. Why; to beB. Why; beingC. How; to beD. How; being19. - Are your friends _?- Yes, they are from _.A. Germans; GermanyB. Germany; GermanC. Germans; GermanD. Germany; Germa
26、ny20. - _ is the student in red?- She is my cousin. She is _ America.A. Who; ofB. What; ofC. Who; fromD. What; from四、阅读下列短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADear friends, My name is Mandy. I live in Ottawa, Canada, and I want a pen friend from China. I think China is a very interesting country. Some of my classmat
27、es have pen friends in China too. They tell me a lot about China. They say Chinese people are very friendly and nice. So I hope I can have a Chinese pen friend. I am fourteen years old now and my birthday is in July. I can speak French, English and a little Chinese. I have a brother, Paul and a sist
28、er, Nancy. They have pen friends in America and England. My father works in a factory and my mother is a nurse. I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. Im good at swimming. My favorite subject at school is PE. It is interesting. But I dont like Maths. It is too hard for me. I
29、like Chinese food very much. My mother cant cook Chinese food, so we often go to the Chinese restaurant for dinner. The food there is very delicious. We all love the food there.Can you write to me soon? I am waiting for your letter.Yours,Mandy( ) 36. Where does Mandy come from?A. ChinaB. CanadaC. En
30、glandD. America( ) 37. Mandy wants to have a pen friend in China Because _.A. Chinese people are friendlyB. most of her classmates have pen friends in ChinaC. she wants to study in ChinaD. many of her friends are Chinese( ) 38. There are _ people in Mandys family.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six( ) 39. Which of the following languages can NOT
